[The clinical laboratory features of toxoplasmosis шт women with gynecological diseases.]

The article presents the results of clinical laboratory examination of women (n=104) with gynecological diseases for detection of Toxoplasma gondii. The antibodies to T. gondii were detected in 39.42% of women using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and indirect immuno-fluorescence test. In women with various gynecological diseases the toxoplasmosis is detected against the background of concomitant extra-genital pathology. This disease takes its course mostly latent together with urogenital infections being accompanied by hemostasis changes. The detection of antibodies to T. gondii in most cases of inflammation process in oviducts, uterus, ovaries can indicate the role of toxoplasma in development of inflammation diseases of female genitals.

[Use of immunological and molecular biological methods to diagnose cerebral toxoplasmosis in HIV infection].

Cerebral toxoplasmosis is one of the leading causes of neurologic diseases with high mortality rates in patients with HIV infection. Invasion was difficult to diagnose for a number of objective reasons. The objective of the investigation was to determine the clinical sensitivity of different laboratory techniques as both a single study and their various combinations to verify the diagnosis of cerebral toxoplasmosis in HIV-infected patients. Blood and cerebrospinal fluid were tested in 51 patients with Stage 4B HIV infection (AIDS) with the verified diagnosis of cerebral toxoplasmosis. Separate determination of specific antibodies of IgG, IgM, IgA and toxoplasma DNA in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid was shown to have an insufficient clinical sensitivity (37.3-68.6%). The benefits of various combinations of immunological and molecular biological assays enhancing the diagnostic efficiency up to 76.5-96.1% are demonstrated.

[Toxoplasmosis in HIV infection: invasion reactivation criteria].

Contemporary representation of toxoplasmosis reactivation criteria in HIV infection is generalized. Significance of the issue is justified: toxoplasmosis is a leading neurological pathology in AIDS with a high lethality percentage due to complexity of clinical confirmation and difficulties of laboratory confirmation of the start of reactivation. Clinical, instrumental, immunologic, molecular genetic invasion reactivation criteria are discussed in the article and analysis of their effectiveness is performed; their most feasible combinations are justified. Further system analysis of the cerebral toxoplasmosis reactivation criteria specified in the article in combination with search of new pathogen dissemination markers will allow to obtain important information that has both fundamental interest and important practical significance.

[Immunomorphological studies of the antigen associated with squamous cell cancer of the human cervix uteri]. / Immunomorfologicheskie issledovaniia antigena, assotsiirovannogo s ploskokletochnym rakom sheiki matki cheloveka.

The existence of the antigen associated with human cervical squamous cell cancer in normal and pathologically changed cervical epithelium was studied. Immunocytochemical and immunohistochemical methods were used. It is shown that the levels of the antigen increase significantly as the severity of dysplastic changes in epithelial stratum grows and tumor invasive growth begins. The data obtained indicate that the above tumor-associated marker can be useful in the follow-up for prognosticating a course of cervical cancer and dysplasia.

[Immunocytochemical detection of antigen associated with squamous cell cancer of the cervix uteri in women]. / Immunotsitokhimicheskoe vyiavlenie antigena, assotsiirovannogo s ploskokletochnym rakom sheiki matki u zhenshchin.

Cervical preparations from 89 women were studied for antigen associated with squamous-cell cervical cancer (SCCC) by the indirect immunofluorescence method. The antigen was revealed specifically in 77.8% of samples of SCCC (stages Ib, II and III) in 64.3% of samples of cancer (in situ and stage Ia) in 55.5% of samples of displasia (stages II and III) and in 17.2% of samples from tumours of other organs. In samples of 9 healthy women the antigen was not revealed. Thus, the detection of antigen associated with SCCC may be useful in elaboration of adjuvant diagnostic and prognostic tests.

Two different anti-erythroid monoclonal antibodies in immunodiagnosis of human leukemias: a comparative study.

To date, only anti-glycophorin-A monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) have been widely used as anti-erythroid probes in the diagnosis of leukemias. We have examined blood, bone-marrow and lymph-node samples from 474 patients, adults and children, with different hemopoietic malignancies, using a panel of MAbs including 2 anti-erythroid MAbs directed to glycophorin-A and an antigen of erythroblasts, Ag-Eb. MAb HAE9 directed against a human epitope of Ag-Eb has earlier been shown to be highly specific for immature erythroid cells. Of all the patients, 2.7% demonstrated glycophorin-A expression on blast cells, while anti-Ag-Eb MAb HAE9 reacted positively with cells from 6.0% of patients. Samples from 31 of 474 (6.5%) patients expressed one or both erythroid markers. Our results indicate that MAb HAE9 may be useful, in combination with anti-glycophorin-A MAbs, as an anti-erythroid probe for immunophenotyping human leukemias.

[Immunomorphological identification of an antigen associated with squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix uteri]. / Immunomorfologicheskaia identifikatsiia antigena, assotsiirovannogo s ploskokletochnym rakom sheiki matki.

Data on immunomorphological identification of antigen associated with cervical squamous cell carcinoma are presented. Tissue specimens prepared of cervical squamous cell carcinoma, normal cervical tissue and different other human tumours have been stained immunohistochemically for antigen using a polyclonal antiserum. Immunofluorescence staining for tumour-associated antigen was observed in all specimens of cervical squamous cell carcinoma and in 20% of specimens of the normal cervix uteri. The above antigen is a high specific tumour-associated marker and may be useful in the diagnostic studies.

Identification of a human erythroid cell surface antigen by monoclonal antibody HAE9.

A noncytotoxic monoclonal antibody (IgM) HAE9 that selectively binds to 36% CFU-E and more than 90% nucleated erythroid cells in human bone marrow is described. This antibody recognizes a 70-kDa-membrane protein. It is suggested that HAE9 is directed to a human epitope of Ag-Eb, an interspecies mammalian erythroid-specific cell surface marker.

Elimination of murine erythroleukemic stem cells with a novel anti-erythroid antibody conjugated to ricin A-chain: a model for studies of bone-marrow transplantation therapy.

We have produced a rat monoclonal antibody (MAb) MAE15 (IgG), specific for murine erythroid cells, using a murine erythroid cell line as immunogen. This MAb specifically binds to the surface of normal and neoplastic murine erythroid cells. Murine mature erythrocytes and non-erythroid cells as well as rat and human erythroid and non-erythroid cells are not recognized by MAb MAE15. Immunoblotting analysis and mixed precipitation in agar gel showed MAb MAE15 to be specific for murine epitope of 69 kDa antigen of erythroblasts (Ag-Eb), an interspecies antigenic marker of nucleated red cells and reticulocytes. A conjugate (immunotoxin) was prepared, comprising ricin A-chain and MAb MAE15. The immunotoxin inhibited protein synthesis of murine erythroleukemic Ag-Eb-positive K-2 cells and completely inhibited (at the concentration of 2 X 10(-7) M) spleen colony formation by erythroleukemic stem cells of the Ag-Eb-positive RAL cell line. Approximately 35% of the murine normal stem-cell (CFU-S) population was not affected by the immunotoxin at the concentration of 2 X 10(-7) M. This experimental system may be a convenient model for studies of bone marrow transplantation therapy of erythroleukemias.

[Human leukemias studied with monoclonal antibodies to erythroid cells]. / Izuchenie leikozov cheloveka s pomoshch'iu monoklonal'nykh antitel k éritroidnym kletkam.

Activity of monoclonal antibodies HAE3 and HAE9 specific for human erythroid cells to different leukemic cells is described. These monoclonals do not react with nonerythroid leukemic cells. HAE3 and HAE9 reactivities are similar to those of polyclonal monospecific antibodies against an antigen of erythroblasts--a surface antigenic marker of nucleated red cells and reticulocytes. Monoclonal antibodies HAE3 and HAE9 are proposed to be used in diagnosis of leukemias.

[A tumor-associated antigen of cervical cancer]. / Opukholeassotsiirovannyi antigen raka sheiki matki.

The tumour-associated antigen was identified with the aid of antisera obtained from rabbits immunized with 3 M KCl extract of pool human cervical carcinoma cells. The antigen was found in 92.5% specimens of human cervical squamous cell carcinoma, in 4.7% specimens of other localization of the tumours. The antigen was absent from sets of normal human tissues. The tumour-associated antigen was not identical with CEA, alpha-fetoprotein, SP1, EPA and lactoferrin and it was localized in cytoplasm of cervical carcinoma cells.

[Identification of the forms of human leukemia using polyclonal antibodies to erythroblast antigen]. / Identifikatsiia nekotorykh form leikozov cheloveka s pomoshch'iu poliklonal'nykh antitel k antigenu éritroblastov.

Using polyclonal antibodies to an interspecies antigen of erythroblasts (Ag-Eb) with a molecular weight 69 000 D this antigen was revealed by immunofluorescence on the cells of the peripheral blood of patients with erythroleukemias and, in several cases, in those with undifferentiated leukemias. The possibility was shown of using these antibodies as a diagnostic tool when studying erythroleukemias and acute undifferentiated leukemias.

Growth of normal and tumour haemopoietic cells on glass coverslips in peritoneal cavity of mice. II. Immunological identification of bone marrow colony-forming cells.

The effect of rabbit anti-mouse brain serum and monospecific antibodies to an antigen of erythroblasts, Ag-Eb, on cells forming haemopoietic colonies on glass coverslips was studied. These colonies developed on the fibroblast-macrophage layer formed on glass coverslips which had been inserted into the peritoneal cavity of mice. when bone marrow cell suspensions were treated with RAMBS and the complement, or with anti-Ag-Eb antibodies plus complement, the CFU-GC colony-forming ability remained unaffected. In the examined cell suspensions, RAMBS inactivated 44% of CFU-S. When bone marrow cell suspensions were treated with anti-Ag-Eb antibodies, the number of immature erythroid cells was reduced to 75%. The CFU-GC are presumed to resemble the committed (unipotent) haemopoietic progenitor cells.

[Antibodies against interspecies erythrokaryocyte antigen in patients with partial red cell aplasia of the bone marrow]. / Antitela protiv mezhvidovogo antigena éritrokariotsitov u bol'nykh partsial'noi krasnokletochnoi aplaziei kostnogo mozga.

Immunofluorescense and cytotoxicity test in vitro were used to demonstrate specific antibodies in sera of 11 out of 19 patients with partial red cell aplasia (PRCA). The antibodies reacted with erythroblast cells from embryos and adult men, with bone marrow cells from a female patient suffering from acute erythroleukemia, with erythrokaryocytes of mouse embryos and cells of Rauscher's viral erythroleukemia. The results of cross adsorption and blockade of the immunofluorescent reaction of the sera of PRCA patients with antibodies against mouse erythroblast antigen bearing an interspecies determinant suggest that in the pathogenesis of PRCA there takes part an autoimmune reaction against specific interspecies antigen to erythrokaryocytes. This antigen is apparently similar to antigen against mouse erythroblast cells.