RESUMEN
Therapy with anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) has dramatically changed the natural history of Crohn's disease (CD). However, these drugs are not without adverse events, and up to 40% of patients could lose efficacy in the long term. We aimed to identify reliable markers of response to anti-TNF drugs in patients with CD. A consecutive cohort of 113 anti-TNF naive patients with CD was stratified according to clinical response as short-term remission (STR) or non-STR (NSTR) at 12 weeks of treatment. We compared the protein expression profiles of plasma samples in a subset of patients from both groups prior to anti-TNF therapy by SWATH proteomics. We identified 18 differentially expressed proteins (p ≤ 0.01, fold change ≥ 2.4) involved in the organization of the cytoskeleton and cell junction, hemostasis/platelet function, carbohydrate metabolism, and immune response as candidate biomarkers of STR. Among them, vinculin was one of the most deregulated proteins (p < 0.001), whose differential expression was confirmed by ELISA (p = 0.054). In the multivariate analysis, plasma vinculin levels along with basal CD Activity Index, corticosteroids induction, and bowel resection were factors predicting NSTR.
Asunto(s)
Antineoplásicos , Enfermedad de Crohn , Humanos , Enfermedad de Crohn/tratamiento farmacológico , Inhibidores del Factor de Necrosis Tumoral/uso terapéutico , Vinculina , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/uso terapéutico , Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico , Inducción de Remisión , Infliximab/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Data on the outcomes after switching from adalimumab (ADA) originator to ADA biosimilar are limited. The aim was to compare the treatment persistence, clinical efficacy, and safety outcomes in inflammatory bowel disease patients who maintained ADA originator vs. those who switched to ADA biosimilar. METHODS: Patients receiving ADA originator who were in clinical remission at standard dose of ADA originator were included. Patients who maintained ADA originator formed the non-switch cohort (NSC), and those who switched to different ADA biosimilars constituted the switch cohort (SC). Clinical remission was defined as a Harvey-Bradshaw index ≤4 in Crohn's disease and a partial Mayo score ≤2 in ulcerative colitis. To control possible confounding effects on treatment discontinuation, an inverse probability treatment weighted proportional hazard Cox regression was performed. RESULTS: Five hundred and twenty-four patients were included: 211 in the SC and 313 in the NSC. The median follow-up was 13 months in the SC and 24 months in the NSC (p < 0.001). The incidence rate of ADA discontinuation was 8% and 7% per patient-year in the SC and in the NSC, respectively (p > 0.05). In the multivariate analysis, switching from ADA originator to ADA biosimilar was not associated with therapy discontinuation. The incidence rate of relapse was 8% per patient-year in the SC and 6% per patient-year in the NSC (p > 0.05). Six percent of the patients had adverse events in the SC vs. 5% in the NSC (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Switching to ADA biosimilar did not impair patients' outcomes in comparison with maintaining on the originator.
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Biosimilares Farmacéuticos , Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino , Humanos , Infliximab/uso terapéutico , Anticuerpos Monoclonales/uso terapéutico , Adalimumab/uso terapéutico , Fármacos Gastrointestinales/uso terapéutico , Biosimilares Farmacéuticos/uso terapéutico , Sustitución de Medicamentos , Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino/tratamiento farmacológico , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Ustekinumab has shown efficacy in Crohn's Disease (CD) patients. To identify patient profiles of those who benefit the most from this treatment would help to position this drug in the therapeutic paradigm of CD and generate hypotheses for future trials. The objective of this analysis was to determine whether baseline patient characteristics are predictive of remission and the drug durability of ustekinumab, and whether its positioning with respect to prior use of biologics has a significant effect after correcting for disease severity and phenotype at baseline using interpretable machine learning. Patients' data from SUSTAIN, a retrospective multicenter single-arm cohort study, were used. Disease phenotype, baseline laboratory data, and prior treatment characteristics were documented. Clinical remission was defined as the Harvey Bradshaw Index ≤ 4 and was tracked longitudinally. Drug durability was defined as the time until a patient discontinued treatment. A total of 439 participants from 60 centers were included and a total of 20 baseline covariates considered. Less exposure to previous biologics had a positive effect on remission, even after controlling for baseline disease severity using a non-linear, additive, multivariable model. Additionally, age, body mass index, and fecal calprotectin at baseline were found to be statistically significant as independent negative risk factors for both remission and drug survival, with further risk factors identified for remission.
RESUMEN
Mesalazine is the most widely used aminosalicylate for induction and maintenance of remission in patients with mild-to-moderate ulcerative colitis (UC). Drug-induced hypersensitivity pneumonitis is considered very rare (<1/10.000 patients). Due to its rarity and the scarce cases reported, mesalazine-induced lung injury needs to be highly suspected in a patient with onset of respiratory symptoms and UC under treatment with salicylates. It should make the clinician formulate a differential diagnosis that includes not only infections (tuberculosis, bacterial...) or the inflammatory bowel disease itself, but also the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) since their clinical and radiological manifestations may be very similar.
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COVID-19 , Colitis Ulcerosa , Enfermedades Pulmonares Intersticiales , Antiinflamatorios no Esteroideos/efectos adversos , Colitis Ulcerosa/tratamiento farmacológico , Humanos , Enfermedades Pulmonares Intersticiales/inducido químicamente , Enfermedades Pulmonares Intersticiales/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfermedades Pulmonares Intersticiales/tratamiento farmacológico , Mesalamina/efectos adversosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Large real-world-evidence studies are required to confirm the durability of response, effectiveness, and safety of ustekinumab in Crohn's disease (CD) patients in real-world clinical practice. METHODS: A retrospective, multicentre study was conducted in Spain in patients with active CD who had received ≥1 intravenous dose of ustekinumab for ≥6 months. Primary outcome was ustekinumab retention rate; secondary outcomes were to identify predictive factors for drug retention, short-term remission (week 16), loss of response and predictive factors for short-term efficacy and loss of response, and ustekinumab safety. RESULTS: A total of 463 patients were included. Mean baseline Harvey-Bradshaw Index was 8.4. A total of 447 (96.5%) patients had received prior biologic therapy, 141 (30.5%) of whom had received ≥3 agents. In addition, 35.2% received concomitant immunosuppressants, and 47.1% had ≥1 abdominal surgery. At week 16, 56% had remission, 70% had response, and 26.1% required dose escalation or intensification; of these, 24.8% did not subsequently reduce dose. After a median follow-up of 15 months, 356 (77%) patients continued treatment. The incidence rate of ustekinumab discontinuation was 18% per patient-year of follow-up. Previous intestinal surgery and concomitant steroid treatment were associated with higher risk of ustekinumab discontinuation, while a maintenance schedule every 12 weeks had a lower risk; neither concomitant immunosuppressants nor the number of previous biologics were associated with ustekinumab discontinuation risk. Fifty adverse events were reported in 39 (8.4%) patients; 4 of them were severe (2 infections, 1 malignancy, and 1 fever). CONCLUSIONS: Ustekinumab is effective and safe as short- and long-term treatment in a refractory cohort of CD patients in real-world clinical practice.
This large retrospective study demonstrated the short- and long-term effectiveness and safety of ustekinumab in patients with Crohn's disease in real-world clinical practice, including those with refractory disease.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedad de Crohn , Ustekinumab , Humanos , Ustekinumab/uso terapéutico , Enfermedad de Crohn/tratamiento farmacológico , Estudios Retrospectivos , Inducción de Remisión , Inmunosupresores/uso terapéutico , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Immunomediated adverse events [IAEs] are the most frequently reported infliximab [IFX]-related adverse events. Combination therapy may reduce their incidence, although this strategy is not recommended in elderly patients. We aimed to compare the rates of IFX-related IAEs and loss of response [LOR] in elderly and younger patients. METHODS: Adult patients in the ENEIDA registry who had received a first course of IFX therapy were identified and grouped into two cohorts regarding age at the beginning of treatment [over 60 years and between 18 and 50 years]. The rates of IAEs and LOR were compared. RESULTS: In total, 939 patients [12%] who started IFX over 60 years of age and 6844 [88%] below 50 years of age were included. Elderly patients presented a higher proportion of AEs related to IFX [23.2% vs 19%; p = 0.002], infections [7.1% vs 4.3%; p < 0.001] and neoplasms [2.2% vs 0.5%; p < 0.001]. In contrast, the rates of IAEs [14.8% vs 14.8%; p = 0.999], infusion reactions [8.1% vs 8.1%; p = 0.989], late hypersensitivity [1.3% vs 1.2%; p = 0.895], paradoxical psoriasis [1% vs 1.5%; p = 0.187] and drug-induced lupus erythematosus [0.6% vs 0.7%; p = 0.947] were similar in elderly and younger patients. LOR rates were also similar between the two groups [20.5% vs 19.3%; p = 0.438]. In the logistic regression analysis, IFX monotherapy, extraintestinal manifestations and female gender were the only risk factors for IAEs, whereas IFX monotherapy, extraintestinal manifestations and Crohn's disease were risk factors for LOR. CONCLUSIONS: Elderly patients with inflammatory bowel disease have a similar risk of developing IFX-related IAEs and LOR to that of younger patients.
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Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino , Adulto , Anciano , Enfermedad Crónica , Estudios de Cohortes , Femenino , Fármacos Gastrointestinales/efectos adversos , Humanos , Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino/inducido químicamente , Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino/tratamiento farmacológico , Infliximab/efectos adversos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Sistema de Registros , Estudios Retrospectivos , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: To compare Engerix-B and Fendrix hepatitis B virus for primo vaccination in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). METHODS: Patients with IBD were randomized 1:1 to receive Engerix-B double dose or Fendrix single dose at months 0, 1, 2, and 6. Anti-HBs titers were measured 2 months after the third and fourth doses. Response to vaccination was defined as anti-HBs ≥100 UI/L. Anti-HBs titers were measured 2 months after the third and fourth doses and again at 6 and 12 months after the fourth dose. RESULTS: A total of 173 patients were randomized (54% received Engerix-B and 46% Fendrix). Overall, 45% of patients responded (anti-HBs ≥100 IU/L) after 3 doses and 71% after the fourth dose. The response rate after the fourth dose was 75% with Fendrix vs 68% with Engerix-B (P = 0.3). Older age and treatment with steroids, immunomodulators, or anti-tumor necrosis factor were associated with a lower probability of response. However, the type of vaccine was not associated with the response. Anti-HBs titer negativization occurred in 13% of patients after 6 months and 20% after 12 months. Anti-HBs ≥100 IU/L after vaccination was the only factor associated with maintaining anti-HBs titers during follow-up. DISCUSSION: We could not demonstrate a higher response rate of Fendrix (single dose) over Engerix-B (double dose). A 4-dose schedule is more effective than a 3-dose regimen. Older age and treatment with immunomodulators or anti-tumor necrosis factors impaired the success. A high proportion of IBD patients with protective anti-HBs titers after vaccination loose them over time. The risk of losing protective anti-HBs titers is increased in patients achieving anti-HBs <100 IU/L after the vaccination.
Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos contra la Hepatitis B/inmunología , Vacunas contra Hepatitis B/uso terapéutico , Hepatitis B/prevención & control , Inmunosupresores/uso terapéutico , Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino/tratamiento farmacológico , Inhibidores del Factor de Necrosis Tumoral/uso terapéutico , Corticoesteroides/uso terapéutico , Adulto , Quimioterapia Combinada , Femenino , Vacunas contra Hepatitis B/inmunología , Humanos , Inmunogenicidad Vacunal , Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino/inmunología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Patients with Crohn's disease experiencing endoscopic postoperative recurrence (POR) may benefit from antitumor necrosis factor (TNF) agents but scarce data on this are available. Our aim was to assess the efficacy of anti-TNF in improving mucosal lesions in patients with endoscopic POR. METHODS: Multicenter, retrospective, study of patients with Crohn's disease who underwent therapy with anti-TNF agents for endoscopic POR (Rutgeerts score > i1). Treatment outcomes were assessed by the findings in the last ileocolonoscopy performed after anti-TNF therapy was initiated. Endoscopic improvement and remission were defined as any reduction in the baseline Rutgeerts score and by a Rutgeerts score < i2, respectively. RESULTS: A total of 179 patients were included, 83 were treated with infliximab and 96 with adalimumab. Median time on anti-TNF therapy at the last endoscopic assessment was 31 months (interquartile range, 13-54). Endoscopic improvement was observed in 61%, including 42% who achieved endoscopic remission. Concomitant use of thiopurines and treatment with infliximab were associated with endoscopic improvement (odds ratio [OR] 2.15, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04-4.46; P = 0.03, and OR 2.34, 95% CI 1.18-4.62; P < 0.01, respectively) and endoscopic remission (OR 3.16, 95% CI 1.65-6.05; P < 0.01, and OR 2.01, 95% CI 1.05-3.88; P = 0.04, respectively) in the multivariable logistic regression analysis. These results were confirmed in a propensity-matched score analysis. DISCUSSION: In patients with endoscopic POR, anti-TNF agents improve mucosal lesions in almost two-thirds of the patients. In this setting, concomitant use of thiopurines and use of infliximab seem to be more effective in improving mucosal lesions.
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Antiinflamatorios/uso terapéutico , Enfermedad de Crohn/tratamiento farmacológico , Inmunosupresores/uso terapéutico , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/antagonistas & inhibidores , Adalimumab/farmacología , Adalimumab/uso terapéutico , Adolescente , Adulto , Antiinflamatorios/farmacología , Colonoscopía , Enfermedad de Crohn/diagnóstico , Enfermedad de Crohn/inmunología , Enfermedad de Crohn/patología , Quimioterapia Combinada/métodos , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunosupresores/farmacología , Infliximab/farmacología , Infliximab/uso terapéutico , Mucosa Intestinal/diagnóstico por imagen , Mucosa Intestinal/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , Mercaptopurina/farmacología , Mercaptopurina/uso terapéutico , Puntaje de Propensión , Recurrencia , Estudios Retrospectivos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Data on the long-term administration of ustekinumab in recommended doses are limited. AIM: To assess the real-world, long-term effectiveness of ustekinumab in refractory Crohn's disease (CD). METHODS: Multi-centre study of CD patients starting ustekinumab at the recommended dose, followed for 1 year. Values for the Harvey-Bradshaw Index (HBI), endoscopic activity, C-reactive protein (CRP), and faecal calprotectin (FC) were recorded at baseline and at weeks 26 and 52. Demographic and clinical data, previous treatments, adverse events (AEs) and hospitalisations were documented. Potential predictors of remission were examined. RESULTS: A total of 407 patients were analysed. The initial maintenance dose of 90 mg SC was administered every 12, 8 and 4 weeks in 56 (14%), 347 (85%) and 4 (1%) patients, respectively. After 52 weeks, treatment was discontinued in 112 patients (27.5%). At baseline, 295 (72%) had an HBI >4 points. Of these, 169 (57%) and 190 (64%) achieved clinical remission at weeks 26 and 52, respectively. FC levels returned to normal in 44% and 54% of patients at weeks 26 and 52, and CRP returned to normal in 36% and 37% of patients at weeks 26 and 52, respectively. AEs were recorded in 60 patients. The use of fewer previous anti-TNFα agents and ileal localisation were associated with clinical remission, and endoscopic severity was associated with poor response. No factors correlated with endoscopic remission. CONCLUSION: After 52 weeks, ustekinumab demonstrated effectiveness in inducing clinical and endoscopic remission in patients with refractory CD.
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Enfermedad de Crohn/tratamiento farmacológico , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/antagonistas & inhibidores , Ustekinumab/uso terapéutico , Adulto , Proteína C-Reactiva/metabolismo , Endoscopía , Femenino , Humanos , Íleon/patología , Complejo de Antígeno L1 de Leucocito/metabolismo , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Sistema de Registros , Inducción de Remisión , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Biological therapies may be changing the natural history of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), reducing the need for surgical intervention. We aimed to assess whether the availability of anti-TNF agents impacts the need for early surgery in Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). METHODS: Retrospective, cohort study of patients diagnosed within a 6-year period before and after the licensing of anti-TNFs (1990-1995 and 2007-2012 for CD; 1995-2000 and 2007-2012 for UC) were identified in the ENEIDA Registry. Surgery-free survival curves were compared between cohorts. RESULTS: A total of 7370 CD patients (2022 in Cohort 1 and 5348 in Cohort 2) and 8069 UC patients (2938 in Cohort 1 and 5131 in Cohort 2) were included. Immunosuppressants were used significantly earlier and more frequently in both CD and UC post-biological cohorts. The cumulative probability of surgery was lower in CD following anti-TNF approval (16% and 11%, 22% and 16%, and 29% and 19%, at 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively P < 0.0001), although not in UC (3% and 2%, 4% and 4%, and 6% and 5% at 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively; P = 0.2). Ileal involvement, older age at diagnosis and active smoking in CD, and extensive disease in UC, were independent risk factors for surgery, whereas high-volume IBD centers (in both CD and UC) and immunosuppressant use (in CD) were protective factors. CONCLUSIONS: Anti-TNF availability was associated with a reduction in early surgery for CD (driven mainly by earlier and more widespread immunosuppressant use) but not in UC.
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Factores Biológicos/uso terapéutico , Colitis Ulcerosa/tratamiento farmacológico , Colitis Ulcerosa/cirugía , Enfermedad de Crohn/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedad de Crohn/cirugía , Fármacos Gastrointestinales/uso terapéutico , Inmunosupresores/uso terapéutico , Infliximab/uso terapéutico , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/antagonistas & inhibidores , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Colitis Ulcerosa/mortalidad , Enfermedad de Crohn/mortalidad , Supervivencia sin Enfermedad , Femenino , Fármacos Gastrointestinales/farmacología , Humanos , Infliximab/farmacología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Factores de Tiempo , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Anti-tumor necrosis factor agents (anti-TNFs) are efficacious at preventing the postoperative recurrence (POR) of Crohn disease, as demonstrated in 2 randomized controlled trials. However, real-life data for infliximab or adalimumab in this setting are scarce. Our aim was to assess both the efficiency of anti-TNFs at preventing early POR of Crohn disease in clinical practice and the associated risk factors for POR. METHODS: Patients in whom anti-TNFs were prescribed for the prevention of POR within 3 months after ileocolonic resection and who had an endoscopic assessment within 18 months were identified from the ENEIDA registry. Clinical and endoscopic features were collected within 18 months after surgery. RESULTS: In total, 152 patients were included (55 treated with infliximab, 97 with adalimumab, and 39% with concomitant immunosuppressants). Anti-TNF treatment was started after a median time of 29 days (IQR 13-44) after surgery. Eighty-two percent of patients had at least one risk factor for POR, and 82% had been exposed to anti-TNFs before the index surgery. Overall, 34% had endoscopic POR (as defined using a Rutgeerts endoscopic score > i1); 14% had advanced endoscopic POR (>i2); and 20% had clinical POR, with no differences between infliximab and adalimumab. In the multivariate analysis, only perianal disease (odds ratio 2.73, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.26-5.91) and rectal involvement (odds ratio 2.79, 95% CI 1.09-7.14) were independent predictors of endoscopic POR. CONCLUSIONS: In clinical practice, anti-TNFs for the prevention of POR of Crohn disease are frequently used in patients experienced with anti-TNFs and with concomitant immunosuppressants. The efficacy of infliximab and adalimumab for POR prevention is similar and in accordance with the results obtained in randomized controlled trials.
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Adalimumab/uso terapéutico , Enfermedad de Crohn/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedad de Crohn/prevención & control , Infliximab/uso terapéutico , Adulto , Colonoscopía , Enfermedad de Crohn/cirugía , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunosupresores/uso terapéutico , Mucosa Intestinal/patología , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Análisis Multivariante , Recurrencia , Sistema de Registros , Estudios Retrospectivos , Prevención Secundaria , España , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/antagonistas & inhibidoresRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Peculiarities of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have been explored in ethnic groups, such as Asians, Hispanics, and Afro-Americans, but not in other ethnic minorities, such as Roma/Gypsies. METHODS: In a retrospective, hospital-based study, all adult Roma/Gypsy patients included in the IBD databases of seven Spanish centres were identified as cases. For each Roma/Gypsy patient, a Caucasian patient, matched for several demographic features, was searched as a control. Data on phenotypic features, therapeutic requirements, and familial aggregation were recorded. RESULTS: Sixty-eight Roma/Gypsy patients were identified, 29 of them being women. The mean age at diagnosis of IBD was 24.9±9.5years, and the mean time elapsed since diagnosis was 96.6±72.2months. Roma/Gypsy IBD patients showed a significantly higher rate of familial aggregation (43%) than their Caucasian controls (9%) (p=0.00001). CD in Roma/Gypsies had more often a complicated pattern (mainly penetrating) while UC patients showed a marked trend to more often developing extraintestinal manifestations. In addition, Roma/Gypsy IBD patients had a somewhat greater need for immunosuppressants, biological agents or surgery. CONCLUSIONS: These are the first data on IBD in Roma/Gypsy patients. Familial aggregation is the most prominent feature in these patients, suggesting a predominant role of genetics in its pathogenesis.
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Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino/etnología , Fenotipo , Romaní/estadística & datos numéricos , Adolescente , Adulto , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Bases de Datos Factuales , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunosupresores/uso terapéutico , Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino/terapia , Masculino , España/epidemiología , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Cohort studies comparing the characteristics of childhood-onset and adulthood-onset inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in the biologics era are scarce. AIM: To compare disease characteristics, the use of immunomodulators and biologic agents and the need for surgery between childhood- and adulthood-onset IBD. METHODS: Inflammatory bowel disease patients from the ENEIDA registry diagnosed between 2007 and 2017 were included. The childhood-onset cohort comprised patients diagnosed at ≤16 years of age and the adulthood-onset cohort those diagnosed at >16 years. The cumulative incidences of immunosuppressive therapy, biologic therapy and surgery were estimated using Kaplan-Meier curves, compared by the log-rank test. Cox regression analysis was performed to identify potential predictive factors of treatment with immunosuppressants, biologic agents or surgery. RESULTS: The adulthood-onset cohort comprised 21 200 patients out of 20 354 (96%) and the childhood-onset cohort 846 (4%). Median follow-up was 54 months in the childhood-onset cohort and 38 months in the adulthood-onset cohort (P < 0.01). Proportions of Crohn's disease, ileocolonic involvement and inflammatory behaviour at diagnosis were higher in the childhood-onset cohort. In the multivariate analysis, after adjusting for sex, type of IBD, extraintestinal manifestations, family history and smoking habit, childhood-onset IBD was associated with higher risk of immunomodulator use (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.2, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 1.1-1.2) and higher probability of receiving biologic treatment (HR = 1.2, 95% CI = 1.1-1.3). However, childhood-onset IBD was not associated with higher risk of surgery (HR = 0.9, 95% CI = 0.8-1.2). CONCLUSIONS: Childhood-onset IBD has differential characteristics and higher risk of treatment with immunomodulators and biologic agents, compared with adulthood-onset IBD. Nevertheless, paediatric IBD is not associated with higher risk of surgery.
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Enfermedad de Crohn/fisiopatología , Factores Inmunológicos/administración & dosificación , Inmunosupresores/administración & dosificación , Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino/fisiopatología , Adolescente , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Productos Biológicos/administración & dosificación , Estudios de Cohortes , Enfermedad de Crohn/diagnóstico , Enfermedad de Crohn/terapia , Femenino , Humanos , Incidencia , Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino/epidemiología , Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino/terapia , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Sistema de Registros , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Introducción y objetivo: la enfermedad de Crohn (EC) es una de las entidades que constituyen la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal. Sus síntomas principales son la diarrea y el dolor abdominal. El objetivo de nuestro estudio es analizar la utilidad de 75SeHCAT en pacientes con EC que presentan diarrea crónica, con sospecha de malabsorción de ácidos biliares (MAB), y establecer si existe relación con las características de la enfermedad y la resección intestinal. Pacientes y método: se realizó un estudio observacional transversal a 39 pacientes con diagnóstico de EC y diarrea crónica. A todos se les realizó una gammagrafía con 75SeHCAT para el diagnóstico de MAB, tras descartar actividad de la enfermedad. Resultados: se analizó un total de 19 mujeres y 20 hombres con una mediana de edad de 44 años y con una clasificación de Montreal A2 L1 B1 en el mayor porcentaje. El 84,6% de los pacientes presentaban antecedentes de resección intestinal. El porcentaje global de MAB fue del 97,4% (el 100% de los pacientes intervenidos y el 83,3% de los pacientes no intervenidos), y esta fue grave en el 92,1% de los casos. Se estableció tratamiento con quelantes de ácidos biliares, que obtuvo una respuesta del 72,7%. Se analizó la existencia de una posible relación entre las características de la enfermedad y de la cirugía intestinal y la respuesta al tratamiento con quelantes con el grado de MAB que presentaban los pacientes (moderada o grave). El resultado obtenido fue no significativo. Conclusión: la MAB es una causa muy frecuente de diarrea en pacientes con EC en remisión endoscópica o radiológica, estando presente en todos los pacientes analizados con resección intestinal previa. La respuesta al tratamiento con quelantes de ácidos biliares estuvo presente en el 73% de los pacientes
Introduction and aim: Crohn's disease (CD) is a form of inflammatory bowel disease and is mainly characterized by diarrhea and abdominal pain. The aim of our study was to analyze the usefulness of performing a 75SeHCAT scan in CD patients with chronic diarrhea and suspected bile acid malabsorption (BAM). In addition, we aimed to determine whether there was a relationship with the clinical features of the disease and a previous bowel resection. Patients and methods: this was an observational cross-sectional study of 39 patients with a diagnosis of CD and chronic diarrhea. All cases underwent a 75SeHCAT scan for BAM diagnosis, after discarding disease activity. Results: the study cohort included 19 females and 20 males. The median age was 44 years and the majority of patients were A2 L1 B1 according to the Montreal classification; 84.6% of patients had undergone a previous bowel resection. BAM was present in 97.4% of patients (100% and 83.3% of patients with and without previous surgery, respectively), which was severe in 92.1% of cases. Treatment with bile acid sequestrants was initiated and a favorable response was obtained in 72.2% of patients. The relationship between BAM degree (moderate or severe), bowel surgery and the response to bile acid sequestrant treatment was also analyzed but not statistically significant. Conclusion: BAM is a frequent cause of diarrhea in CD patients in endoscopic or radiological remission. This condition was present in all patients with a history of a bowel resection. A response to bile acid sequestrants treatment was observed in 73% of patients
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Humanos , Síndromes de Malabsorción/diagnóstico , Ácidos y Sales Biliares/metabolismo , Diarrea/etiología , Enfermedad de Crohn/fisiopatología , Cintigrafía/métodos , Quelantes/uso terapéutico , Ileítis/cirugíaRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION AND AIM: Crohn's disease (CD) is a form of inflammatory bowel disease and is mainly characterized by diarrhea and abdominal pain. The aim of our study was to analyze the usefulness of performing a 75SeHCAT scan in CD patients with chronic diarrhea and suspected bile acid malabsorption (BAM). In addition, we aimed to determine whether there was a relationship with the clinical features of the disease and a previous bowel resection. PATIENTS AND METHODS: this was an observational cross-sectional study of 39 patients with a diagnosis of CD and chronic diarrhea. All cases underwent a 75SeHCAT scan for BAM diagnosis, after discarding disease activity. RESULTS: the study cohort included 19 females and 20 males. The median age was 44 years and the majority of patients were A2 L1 B1 according to the Montreal classification; 84.6% of patients had undergone a previous bowel resection. BAM was present in 97.4% of patients (100% and 83.3% of patients with and without previous surgery, respectively), which was severe in 92.1% of cases. Treatment with bile acid sequestrants was initiated and a favorable response was obtained in 72.2% of patients. The relationship between BAM degree (moderate or severe), bowel surgery and the response to bile acid sequestrant treatment was also analyzed but not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: BAM is a frequent cause of diarrhea in CD patients in endoscopic or radiological remission. This condition was present in all patients with a history of a bowel resection. A response to bile acid sequestrants treatment was observed in 73% of patients.
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Ácidos y Sales Biliares , Enfermedad de Crohn/diagnóstico por imagen , Diarrea/diagnóstico por imagen , Síndromes de Malabsorción/diagnóstico por imagen , Adulto , Endoscopía Capsular , Enfermedad Crónica , Enfermedad de Crohn/complicaciones , Enfermedad de Crohn/metabolismo , Estudios Transversales , Diarrea/etiología , Femenino , Humanos , Síndromes de Malabsorción/clasificación , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Radioisótopos de Selenio , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) is a new eating disorder category among eating disorders. Its recent incorporation explains the lack of studies evaluating the optimal treatment and follow-up of patients with this disorder. CASE REPORT: we present the case of a 20-year-old patient with 3-week dysphagia and 20% weight loss. After ruling out organic disorders, he was diagnosed with ARFID and required parenteral and tube feeding until the improvement of the eating disorder. DISCUSSION: in this patient, severe caloric malnutrition secondary to the eating disorder made it necessary to turn to the parenteral and enteral approach until the behavioral modification and progressive food exposure were effective. The absence of etiological treatment makes cognitive behavioral intervention, along with the correction of nutritional deficiencies, the preferred approach.
Introducción: el trastorno de evitación/restricción de la ingesta alimentaria es una nueva categoría diagnóstica en el espectro de trastornos de la alimentación. Su reciente aparición explica la falta de estudios que evalúen el tratamiento y seguimiento de pacientes con esta patología.Caso clínico: presentamos el caso de un paciente de 20 años con disfagia de tres semanas de evolución y pérdida del 20% de peso, diagnosticado de trastorno de evitación/restricción de la ingesta alimentaria tras descartar organicidad del proceso, con necesidad de nutrición parenteral y enteral como tratamiento nutricional hasta mejoría clínica.Discusión: en este paciente, la desnutrición calórica grave secundaria al trastorno alimentario hizo necesario recurrir al aporte parenteral y enteral hasta la modificación conductual y la reintroducción paulatina de la alimentación por vía oral. La ausencia de tratamiento etiológico hace que la terapia conductual junto con la corrección de los déficits nutricionales sean la base del manejo.
Asunto(s)
Trastornos de Deglución/terapia , Servicios Médicos de Urgencia , Trastornos de Alimentación y de la Ingestión de Alimentos/terapia , Terapia Cognitivo-Conductual , Trastornos de Deglución/etiología , Servicio de Urgencia en Hospital , Nutrición Enteral , Trastornos de Alimentación y de la Ingestión de Alimentos/etiología , Humanos , Masculino , Desnutrición/etiología , Desnutrición/terapia , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Introducción: el trastorno de evitación/restricción de la ingesta alimentaria es una nueva categoría diagnóstica en el espectro de trastornos de la alimentación. Su reciente aparición explica la falta de estudios que evalúen el tratamiento y seguimiento de pacientes con esta patología. Caso clínico: presentamos el caso de un paciente de 20 años con disfagia de tres semanas de evolución y pérdida del 20% de peso, diagnosticado de trastorno de evitación/restricción de la ingesta alimentaria tras descartar organicidad del proceso, con necesidad de nutrición parenteral y enteral como tratamiento nutricional hasta mejoría clínica. Discusión: en este paciente, la desnutrición calórica grave secundaria al trastorno alimentario hizo necesario recurrir al aporte parenteral y enteral hasta la modificación conductual y la reintroducción paulatina de la alimentación por vía oral. La ausencia de tratamiento etiológico hace que la terapia conductual junto con la corrección de los déficits nutricionales sean la base del manejo
Background: avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) is a new eating disorder category among eating disorders. Its recent incorporation explains the lack of studies evaluating the optimal treatment and follow-up of patients with this disorder. Case report: we present the case of a 20-year-old patient with 3-week dysphagia and 20% weight loss. After ruling out organic disorders, he was diagnosed with ARFID and required parenteral and tube feeding until the improvement of the eating disorder. Discussion: in this patient, severe caloric malnutrition secondary to the eating disorder made it necessary to turn to the parenteral and enteral approach until the behavioral modification and progressive food exposure were effective. The absence of etiological treatment makes cognitive behavioral intervention, along with the correction of nutritional deficiencies, the preferred approach
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto Joven , Trastornos de Deglución/terapia , Servicios Médicos de Urgencia , Trastornos de Alimentación y de la Ingestión de Alimentos/terapia , Terapia Cognitivo-Conductual , Trastornos de Deglución/etiología , Servicio de Urgencia en Hospital , Nutrición Enteral , Trastornos de Alimentación y de la Ingestión de Alimentos/etiología , Desnutrición/etiología , Desnutrición/terapiaRESUMEN
Introducción: El déficit de hierro sin anemia asociada (DHSA) es un hallazgo frecuente en los pacientes no ingresados con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal (EII), incluso en mayor proporción que la anemia. Sin embargo, no existen datos concluyentes de su presencia en nuestro medio ni del posible deterioro que conlleva en la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS). Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron: establecer la prevalencia del DHSA, identificar posibles factores asociados y medir su impacto en la CVRS. Material y métodos: Se incluyeron 127 pacientes con EII, de manera consecutiva, en medio extrahospitalario en un estudio observacional, descriptivo, de corte transversal. Se definió DHSA como niveles de ferritina ≤30 ng/ml en ausencia de actividad inflamatoria o <100 ng/ml en su presencia, con índice de saturación de transferrina ≤16%, junto a niveles normales de hemoglobina. Se evaluó la CVRS mediante dos cuestionarios: CVEII-9 para los síntomas relacionados con EII, y FACIT-F para medir la presencia de fatiga, considerándola extrema ante una puntuación ≤ 30 puntos. Resultados: La prevalencia del DHSA fue del 37%. El sexo femenino (OR=2,9; p=0,015) y la presencia de actividad inflamatoria (OR=9,4; p=0,001) fueron las variables asociadas con su aparición. Los pacientes con DHSA presentaron cuestionarios de CVRS con menores puntuaciones de forma global; registrando una caída de 6,6 (p<0,001) y 4,3 (p=0,037) puntos en CVEII-9 y FACIT-F, respectivamente. Además, se observó un incremento en la presencia de fatiga extrema del 29,4%. Conclusión: La prevalencia de DHSA es considerable en los pacientes con EII en el ámbito extrahospitalario. Se asocia al sexo femenino y a la actividad inflamatoria, y supone un claro impacto negativo en la CVRS. Es necesaria una actitud más activa para el tratamiento de esta complicación (AU)
Introduction: Iron deficiency without anaemia (IDWA) is commonly found in outpatients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in an even higher proportion than anaemia. However, its true prevalence and possible impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) are unknown. The objectives of this study were: to establish the prevalence of IDWA, identify possible associated factors and measure their impact on HRQoL. Material and methods: 127 patients with IBD in an outpatient setting were consecutively included in an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study. IDWA was defined as ferritin levels of <100 ng/ml with inflammatory activity or ≤30 ng/ml without it, with transferrin saturation of ≤16%, and with normal haemoglobin levels. HRQoL was assessed using two questionnaires: the IBDQ-9 for symptoms related to IBD and the FACIT-F to measure the presence of fatigue. Fatigue was considered extreme with a score of ≤30 points. Results: The prevalence of IDWA was 37%. Variables associated with its occurrence were female gender (OR=2.9; p=.015) and the presence of inflammatory activity (OR=9.4; p=.001). Patients with IDWA presented HRQoL questionnaires with lower overall scores; decreases of 6.6 (p<.001) and 4.3 (p=.037) points in the IBDQ-9 and the FACIT-F were recorded, respectively. In addition, an increase of 29.4% in the presence of extreme fatigue was observed. Conclusion: The prevalence of IDWA is considerable in outpatients with IBD. IDWA is associated with female gender and inflammatory activity. It has a clear negative impact on HRQoL. A more active approach is needed to treat this complication (AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , 16595/etiología , Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino/complicaciones , Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino/epidemiología , Calidad de Vida , Factores de Riesgo , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Estudios Transversales/métodos , Declaración de Helsinki , Anemia Ferropénica/diagnóstico , Hierro/metabolismoRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Iron deficiency without anaemia (IDWA) is commonly found in outpatients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in an even higher proportion than anaemia. However, its true prevalence and possible impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) are unknown. The objectives of this study were: to establish the prevalence of IDWA, identify possible associated factors and measure their impact on HRQoL. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 127 patients with IBD in an outpatient setting were consecutively included in an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study. IDWA was defined as ferritin levels of <100 ng/ml with inflammatory activity or ≤30 ng/ml without it, with transferrin saturation of ≤16%, and with normal haemoglobin levels. HRQoL was assessed using two questionnaires: the IBDQ-9 for symptoms related to IBD and the FACIT-F to measure the presence of fatigue. Fatigue was considered extreme with a score of ≤30 points. RESULTS: The prevalence of IDWA was 37%. Variables associated with its occurrence were female gender (OR=2.9; p=.015) and the presence of inflammatory activity (OR=9.4; p=.001). Patients with IDWA presented HRQoL questionnaires with lower overall scores; decreases of 6.6 (p<.001) and 4.3 (p=.037) points in the IBDQ-9 and the FACIT-F were recorded, respectively. In addition, an increase of 29.4% in the presence of extreme fatigue was observed. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of IDWA is considerable in outpatients with IBD. IDWA is associated with female gender and inflammatory activity. It has a clear negative impact on HRQoL. A more active approach is needed to treat this complication.