Nasal Packing in Septal Surgery: A Narrative Review.

Recently, alternatives to intranasal packing following septoplasty and rhinoseptoplasty have been widely used and promoted. Here, we aimed to systemically review and compare the different types of nasal packing used in these two surgeries. To assess patient comfort and surgical outcomes, we conducted a comprehensive search of multiple databases such as PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar to identify and evaluate relevant articles. A detailed and extensive search was performed with the help of the keywords "nasal packing," "septoplasty," "rhinoseptoplasty," "nasal splints," and "intranasal packing." Overall, our review findings indicate that alternative methods (e.g., trans-septal suturing and insertion of intranasal splints) are better options than intranasal packing.

Non-prep veneer technique: an analytical laboratory model approach.

There is an ever-increasing patient demand for an esthetic and ultraconservative approach in the restoration of anterior teeth. No-prep veneers are one of the most conservative methods of rehabilitation in esthetic dentistry. To implement the no-prep veneer technique successfully, it is essential to adhere to an analytical treatment concept. In the present case report, despite the fact that some of the veneers were very thin, they could be designed in a nature-identical manner in terms of light dynamics and color. The laboratory technique presented in this article opens up the possibility of modifying and harmonizing tooth shapes and gingival margin contours, and makes it possible to position the prosthetic termination line at different levels without affecting the marginal and interproximal adaptation of the restoration.

Shelf Life and Storage Conditions of Universal Adhesives: A Literature Review.

This paper presents state of the art universal adhesive systems and the effect of shelf-life and storage conditions on their bond performance. Three topics are explored in this review: an introduction to the topic, the mechanisms responsible for the degradation of the hybrid layer, and the factors that play a role in the stability of universal adhesives. In addition, issues such as potential durability and clinical importance are discussed. Universal adhesive systems are promising but must be handled and stored according to the manufacturer's instructions, with careful attention given to the details of shelf-life and storage conditions for maximal success. It appears that the components of universal adhesives play an important role in their stability. Furthermore, HEMA-free formulations using methacrylamides lead to longer shelf-life. Further research is needed to prove these hypotheses.

The fifth dimension in esthetic dentistry.

Every human smile is unique and special, reflecting the different shapes, textures, and colors of the teeth as well as their combinations. This uniqueness conveys a direct and specific message when it comes to creating a new smile design. Dentists need to consider the 'unity of the whole' concept in this task, which involves bringing together biology, structure, function, and esthetics to create the fifth dimension of the smile. This approach is quite different from the traditional one. A smile reflects the personality and emotional state of the patient, and the translation of this into a new smile design occurs in various ways. This can be performed either through analog methods or digitally; however, the use of visual language will assist the dentist and dental technician in the creation of a personalized smile design. Nowadays, with the significant digital advances that have occurred in dentistry, there are systems on the market that help the dental team to create a personalized new smile design for each specific patient. The Rebel system is one example of such a system. It is actually a virtual laboratory that creates individualized smile designs in three dimensions. The system, with its very sophisticated artificial intelligence (AI)-based software, immediately creates a digital wax-up (STL file). It is therefore simple to use for dentists and dental technicians at all skill levels because the direct mock-up and wax-up stages are eliminated.

Online-based software for guiding immediate implantation to replace a tooth with root resorption in the esthetic zone.

This case report describes an alternative approach for the planning of immediate implant placement and provisionalization, which uses a new online dental software that predicts the esthetic outcome.

Harmony of smile design in the facial context.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to create mathematical modeling to generate statistical models that reliably and quickly identify facial type while smiling. This analysis enables the creation of a digital design for the prosthetic restoration of the anterior teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved the computer analysis of 91 facial images. Through mathematical modeling, digital facial maps were generated consisting of 27 landmark points and 12 basic lines determining the facial type. Four main facial types were defined for the purposes of this study: strong, dynamic, delicate, and calm. Selected data were recorded in a database and analyzed using IBM SPSS Modeler software. RESULTS: A varying number of combinations characterize the face; 61.5% of people have the features of two facial types, and 38.5% of three facial types. The overall analysis of the data for both genders shows the most accurate model for predicting facial type by digital facial map is the created algorithm C5.1 (classification tree), with a general prediction accuracy of 84.3%. CONCLUSION: Dental Anatomical Combinations with Rebel Simplicity systems is a constructive way to ensure harmonious unity between the teeth and the facial type. Digital facial maps provide reliable and fast identification of the facial type while smiling. This analysis enables the creation of a digital design for the prosthetic restoration of the anterior teeth.

Public access defibrillation: suppression of 16.7 Hz interference generated by the power supply of the railway systems.

BACKGROUND: A specific problem using the public access defibrillators (PADs) arises at the railway stations. Some countries as Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Norway and Sweden are using AC railroad net power-supply system with rated 16.7 Hz frequency modulated from 15.69 Hz to 17.36 Hz. The power supply frequency contaminates the electrocardiogram (ECG). It is difficult to be suppressed or eliminated due to the fact that it considerably overlaps the frequency spectra of the ECG. The interference impedes the automated decision of the PADs whether a patient should be (or should not be) shocked. The aim of this study is the suppression of the 16.7 Hz interference generated by the power supply of the railway systems. METHODS: Software solution using adaptive filtering method was proposed for 16.7 Hz interference suppression. The optimal performance of the filter is achieved, embedding a reference channel in the PADs to record the interference. The method was tested with ECGs from AHA database. RESULTS: The method was tested with patients of normal sinus rhythms, symptoms of tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation. Simulated interference with frequency modulation from 15.69 Hz to 17.36 Hz changing at a rate of 2% per second was added to the ECGs, and then processed by the suggested adaptive filtering. The method totally suppresses the noise with no visible distortions of the original signals. CONCLUSION: The proposed adaptive filter for noise suppression generated by the power supply of the railway systems has a simple structure requiring a low level of computational resources, but a good reference signal as well.