RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: of this study was to determine the levels of radionuclides in the rescuers' bodies of the SES during firefighting in the exclusion zone of the Chornobyl nuclear power plant and to assess the dose of internal radiation dueto this receipt. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 06.04.2020 to 19.05.2020 in the State Institution «National Research Center forRadiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine¼ (NRCRM) measurements of the contentof incorporated gamma radionuclides on whole body counters (WBC) operational class «Screener-3M¼ (Minimumdetected activity (MDA) is 300-500 Bq for 5 minutes of measurement at 137Cs) and expert high-sensitivity WBC (MDAis 20 Bq for 10 minutes of measurement at 137Cs). 470 people (523 measurements) in three groups of personnel ofthe SES of Ukraine who took part in the forest fire liquidation in the exclusion zone in the period from April 4 toMay 5, 2020 were examined. Mathematical and spectrometric methods are used in the work. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: In the vast majority (95 %) of the personnel of the SES of Ukraine, examined at the WBCoperational class «Screener-3M¼ (more than 500 measurements), the assessment of the values of the individualeffective dose of internal radiation due to 137Cs in the body during firefighting, assuming that it receipt occurredduring operation in the exclusion zone, did not exceed the minimum dose detected by MDD (5-14 µSv). The average value of the effective dose of internal radiation in the group of personnel of the State Emergency Service ofUkraine in Kyiv, which participated in the elimination of forest fires in the exclusion zone from April 4 to May 5, 2020(26 people) studied at the expert WBC, is 2.5 ± 1.1 µSv, in the group of personnel of the SES of Ukraine in Cherkasyregion, which participated in the fire on April 19-24, 2020 (9 people) - 2.2 ± 0.6 µSv, in the group of personnel ofthe SES of Ukraine in the Kyiv region, which took part in the elimination of the forest fire in the exclusion zone onApril 4 - May 5, 2020 (42 people) - 4.4 ± 2.4 µSv. Maximum values of 5.1 µSv, 3.5 µSv, 11.8 µSv in the groups ofKyiv city, Cherkasy and Kyiv regions, respectively, which is much lower than the basic dose limit for the populationfrom man-made sources of 1000 µSv · year-1 according to the Law of Ukraine about protection of the person againstinfluence of ionizing radiation.
Asunto(s)
Accidente Nuclear de Chernóbil , Socorristas , Exposición a la Radiación/efectos adversos , Traumatismos por Radiación/patología , Carga Corporal (Radioterapia) , Radioisótopos de Cesio/análisis , Relación Dosis-Respuesta en la Radiación , Rayos gamma/efectos adversos , Humanos , Dosis de Radiación , Traumatismos por Radiación/epidemiología , Traumatismos por Radiación/etiología , Radiometría/métodos , Factores de Tiempo , Ucrania/epidemiología , Recuento Corporal TotalRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: to identificate the main factors and assess their impact on the formation of radiation doses to the population of radioactively contaminated areas of Kyiv region at the current stage of the accident based on complexradiation and hygienic monitoring in the reference settlements in 2019. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Comprehensive radiological and hygienic monitoring was carried out in eight settlementsof Kyiv region - villages of Ragivka, Lygovyky, Mar'yanivka, Zelena Poliana of Polis'kyi district and villages ofHornostaipil, Dytiatky , Pisky, Karpylivka of Ivankiv district. The content of incorporated 137Cs was determined withdirect measurement on whole body counters (WBC) samples of basic foodstuffs were collected to determine the content of radionuclides 90Sr and 137Cs, residents were interviewed about the levels of consumption of these products,and work was performed to estimate external radiation doses. Mathematical, dosimetric, radiochemical methods areused in the work. RESULTS: There was a further decrease in annual doses of internal radiation in the surveyed settlements in 1.3 times, bothin Polis'kyi district (0.041 mSv · year-1 in 2016, 0.030 mSv · year-1 in 2019) and in Ivankiv district (0.023 mSv · year-1in 2016, 0.018 mSv · year-1 in 2019). It is possible to state a slowdown in the reduction of radiation doses comparedto previous years: from 2010 to 2013, the annual doses of internal radiation in the surveyed settlements decreasedby 1.8-2.4 times, from 2013 to 2016 - by 2.3-3.6 times. The content of 137Cs and 90Sr in milk and potatoes in theinspected settlements is lower than the permissible level of the Hygienic Standard HS 6.6.1.1-130-2006 and the useof these foods can not significantly affect the formation of the internal radiation dose. The content of 90Sr in milksamples in the settlements of Ivankiv district is in the range of 2.1-9.9 Bq · kg-1 (in 2016: 1.3-7.4 Bq · kg-1), whichdoes not exceed the permissible level of 20 Bq · kg-1, but due to the dynamics needs further monitoring. The content of 137Cs in samples of dried mushrooms collected from residents of Kyiv region in 2019, as in previous years, issignificantly (up to 100 times) higher than permissible level, and has a high uncertainty - from 1.4 kBq · kg-1 to223.7 kBq · kg-1. CONCLUSIONS: It is established that the annual effective radiation doses of the population in the surveyed settlements in the current year are formed due to internal radiation doses that do not exceed 0.46 mSv · year-1 in Ivankivdistrict and 0.51 mSv · year-1 in Polis'kyi district, which below the RCT criterion 1 mSv · year-1. The main factor that forms the dose of internal radiation of the residents of the surveyed state of emergency of Kyiv region is the intake of 137Cs in the body with forest products, primarily mushrooms.
Asunto(s)
Accidente Nuclear de Chernóbil , Contaminación Radiactiva de Alimentos/análisis , Exposición a la Radiación/análisis , Monitoreo de Radiación/métodos , Carga Corporal (Radioterapia) , Radioisótopos de Cesio/análisis , Humanos , Dosis de Radiación , Radiación Ionizante , Población Rural , Radioisótopos de Estroncio/análisis , Ucrania , Recuento Corporal TotalRESUMEN
Basing on analysis of the treatment results in 47 patients for gastro-intestinal hemorrhage, the experience of application of a tranexamic acid in a content of infusion therapy and hemaxam per os was adduced. The data obtained witness the expediency of hemaxam application in a content of therapy on the stage of a hemorrhage letup and for the recurrence prevention.
Asunto(s)
Antifibrinolíticos/uso terapéutico , Fármacos Gastrointestinales/uso terapéutico , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/tratamiento farmacológico , Ácido Tranexámico/uso terapéutico , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/fisiopatología , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/cirugía , Humanos , Laparoscopía/métodos , Lipresina/análogos & derivados , Lipresina/uso terapéutico , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Octreótido/uso terapéutico , Recurrencia , Terlipresina , Complejo Vitamínico B/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
Results of investigation of collagen metabolism in Dupuitren's contracture (DC) were summarized. The patients were operated for calculous cholecystitis and DC stages II - III. The changes revealed witnessed about more expressed degradation of collagen and affection of the elastin components of connective tissue. On background of the pathological process progress in palmar aponeurosis in patients, suffering DC, a content of oxyproline have enhanced trustworthy in urine and reduced in tissue of a changed palmar aponeurosis.
Asunto(s)
Colecistitis/metabolismo , Colágeno/metabolismo , Contractura de Dupuytren/metabolismo , Fascia/metabolismo , Hidroxiprolina/orina , Cirrosis Hepática/metabolismo , Anciano , Aminoácidos/sangre , Colecistitis/complicaciones , Colecistitis/cirugía , Tejido Conectivo/metabolismo , Contractura de Dupuytren/complicaciones , Contractura de Dupuytren/cirugía , Elastina/metabolismo , Humanos , Cirrosis Hepática/complicaciones , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Índice de Severidad de la EnfermedadRESUMEN
The results of morphological investigation of hepatic tissues in 98 patients, suffering contracture of Dupuytren, chronic hepatitis and hepatic fibrosis stages I, II i III, were adduced. The patients were operated on for calculous cholecystitis. The attempt to organize the groups with certain morphological changes, depending on the hepatic pathological process persistence (up to 5 yrs, from 5 to 10 yrs, over 10 yrs) have appeared nonfair. The changes revealed are too different and characteristic not only for the examined patients.
Asunto(s)
Contractura de Dupuytren/patología , Hepatitis Crónica/patología , Hígado/patología , Anciano , Colecistitis/complicaciones , Colecistitis/patología , Colecistitis/cirugía , Contractura de Dupuytren/complicaciones , Vesícula Biliar/patología , Vesícula Biliar/cirugía , Hepatitis Crónica/complicaciones , Hepatocitos/patología , Histocitoquímica , Humanos , Cirrosis Hepática/complicaciones , Cirrosis Hepática/patología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Índice de Severidad de la EnfermedadRESUMEN
Dupuytren's contracture--a pathology that should not be seen as an isolated lesion tendon-aponeurotic structures of the palmar surface of the hand, but as a disease that requires careful research and a comprehensive, differentiated approach to treatment. The aim of the study was to investigate the functional activity of the phagocytic system of Dupuytren's contracture patients with chronic hepatitis and liver fibrosis in liquidators of the CHNPP accident consequences. The resulting study 188 patients aged 45-65 years showed the correlation of the data of the functional activity of phagocytic system with degree of liver fibrosis, thus objectively assess the patient's condition and make the appropriate correction in the diagnostic criteria as well as in medical and rehabilitative programs.
Asunto(s)
Accidente Nuclear de Chernóbil , Contractura de Dupuytren/inmunología , Exposición a Riesgos Ambientales , Hepatitis Crónica/inmunología , Cirrosis Hepática/inmunología , Fagocitosis/inmunología , Anciano , Contractura de Dupuytren/complicaciones , Contractura de Dupuytren/patología , Contractura de Dupuytren/fisiopatología , Mano/patología , Mano/fisiopatología , Hepatitis Crónica/complicaciones , Hepatitis Crónica/patología , Hepatitis Crónica/fisiopatología , Humanos , Cirrosis Hepática/complicaciones , Cirrosis Hepática/patología , Cirrosis Hepática/fisiopatología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neutrófilos/inmunología , Neutrófilos/patología , Índice de Severidad de la EnfermedadRESUMEN
The results of morphological investigations of the palms tissues in the patients, suffering Dupuytren's contracture (DC) and in whom chronic hepatitis was diagnosed, are adduced. The patients were divided on three groups, depending on the hepatic fibrosis grade present. Determination of morphological changes in various stages in patients, suffering hepatic fibrosis stage one and lasting up to 5 years, witnesses the possibility of the DC recurrence and its severity enhancement. The authors stress the necessity of morphological investigations conduction with the objective to determine the hepatic fibrosis grade while surgical intervention planning.
Asunto(s)
Contractura de Dupuytren/cirugía , Hepatitis Crónica/patología , Cirrosis Hepática/patología , Anciano , Contractura de Dupuytren/complicaciones , Contractura de Dupuytren/patología , Fibroblastos/patología , Dedos/patología , Dedos/cirugía , Hepatitis Crónica/complicaciones , Humanos , Cirrosis Hepática/complicaciones , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Mínimamente Invasivos , Cuidados Paliativos , Recurrencia , Índice de Severidad de la EnfermedadRESUMEN
The results of Dupuytren's contracture treatment in patients, suffering chronic hepatitis with the hand deformity grade II and III, in the injured persons and liquidators of the Chernobyl disaster consequences, conducted in 2000-2010 yrs., were adduced. Beginning from the third week, when an active movements had emerged, the patients were treated locally, including lidase and solution, which consisted of dimexid, isotonic saline and furazolidon.
Asunto(s)
Accidente Nuclear de Chernóbil , Contractura de Dupuytren , Hepatitis Crónica/etiología , Anciano , Terapia Combinada , Contractura de Dupuytren/tratamiento farmacológico , Contractura de Dupuytren/etiología , Contractura de Dupuytren/cirugía , Dedos/cirugía , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Mínimamente Invasivos , Recurrencia , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
The results of experimental investigation, conducted on white Wistar rats, are adduced. The influence of intraabdominal pressure change on pancreatic parenchyma were studied in the animals. The data obtained witness the unfavourable influence of the raised intraabdominal pressure on pancreatic gland, manifesting by an acute pancreatitis occurrence.