Outcome of Community-Based Antiretroviral Drug Refill among Stable Human Immunodeficiency Virus Patients Accessing Care at a Tertiary Center in Abuja, Nigeria: A 3-Year Review.

INTRODUCTION: Community-based delivery of antiretroviral therapy (ART) is an innovative approach that delivers HIV treatment services closer to the people, removing logistical barriers to clinic access, thereby improving ART uptake and retention in care. The United States Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) program in Nigeria involved community-based private sector pharmacies to expand uptake of ART. We aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of this innovation by comparing the CD4 cell count, weight and viral load of stable HIV patients before and after they were devolved to community pharmacies. METHODOLOGY: This study was a facility-based retrospective study that analysed the data of HIV patients accessing care at the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital (UATH) Gwagwalada, Abuja, who were devolved to community pharmacies from June 2018 to May 2021. We compared their mean CD4 cell count, weight and viral load before they were devolved and 1 year after devolvement. RESULTS: A total of 171 patients who met the eligibility criteria were devolved to community pharmacies during the study period. Majority (67.3%) of the patients were females. The age range was 24 years to 72 years with a median age of 42.8 years [inter-quartile range (IQR) 32, 62]. Their mean CD4 cell count (p=0.001) and weight (p=0.006) were higher after devolvement to community pharmacies compared to when they were at the clinic. They all maintained viral suppression after devolvement. CONCLUSION: ART refill through community pharmacies is effective in maintaining viral suppression in stable HIV patients and may lead to increase in CD4 cell count and weight.

INTRODUCTION: La prestation communautaire de la thérapie antirétrovirale (TAR) est une approche innovante qui permet de fournir des services de traitement du VIH plus près des gens, en éliminant les obstacles logistiques à l'accès aux cliniques, améliorant ainsi l'adoption de la TAR et la rétention dans les soins. Le programme du Plan d'urgence des États-Unis pour la lutte contre le sida (PEPFAR) au Nigéria a fait appel à des pharmacies communautaires du secteur privé pour développer l'utilisation du TAR. Nous avons cherché à évaluer l'efficacité de cette innovation en comparant le nombre de cellules CD4, le poids et la charge virale de patients VIH stables avant et après leur dévolution aux pharmacies communautaires. MÉTHODOLOGIE: Cette étude est une étude rétrospective basée sur l'établissement qui a analysé les données des patients VIH accédant aux soins à l'hôpital universitaire d'Abuja (UATH) Gwagwalada, Abuja, qui ont été dévolus aux pharmacies communautaires de juin 2018 à mai 2021. Nous avons comparé leur nombre moyen de cellules CD4, leur poids et leur charge virale avant leur dévolution et 1 an après la dévolution. RÉSULTATS: Un total de 171 patients répondant aux critères d'éligibilité ont été dévolus aux pharmacies communautaires pendant la période d'étude. La majorité (67,3 %) des patients étaient des femmes. La fourchette d'âge allait de 24 à 72 ans avec un âge médian de 42,8 ans [intervalle interquartile (IQR) 32, 62]. Leur nombre moyen de cellules CD4 (p=0,001) et leur poids (p=0,006) étaient plus élevés après le transfert vers les pharmacies communautaires que lorsqu'ils étaient à la clinique. Ils ont tous maintenu une suppression virale après la dévolution. CONCLUSION: Le renouvellement de l'ART par les pharmacies communautaires est efficace pour maintenir la suppression virale chez les patients VIH stables et peut conduire à une augmentation du nombre de cellules CD4 et du poids. Mots clés: Thérapie antirétrovirale, pharmacies communautaires, VIH, suppression virale, numération des CD4, poids.

Health Seeking Behaviours of Female Manual Labourers towards Febrile Illness in Jos; Nigeria

Background: Occupation may affect health seeking behaviour. Very little is known about this behaviour in labourers. This study assessed the health-seeking behaviour of the female manual labourers to fever in Jos; Nigeria. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among 300 female manual labourers from a randomly selected cluster in Jos; using a pre-tested interviewer-administered semistructured questionnaire. Data was analyzed using Epi info. Results: Fever episode was reported by 85 percent of respondents during the last one month before the survey. Forty-seven percent `observed' the fever and hoped for self resolution. Home treatment was reported as the first response to fever by 23and 49of the labourers sought treatment for fever within the first 24 hours of onset. Early treatment-seeking pattern was reported among those who self-medicate; followed by those that visited pharmacy stores. Cost was the major reason for delay in seeking timely and appropriate care

Impact of health education on sexual risk behaviour of secondary school students in Jos, Nigeria.

BACKGROUND: Secondary school students are a high risk group for HIV transmission. They could also be easily reached with health education interventions. There is as yet no global consensus on the nature, content and effectiveness of this intervention among this group. It is also not known how effective this intervention is in reducing sexual risk behaviour among secondary school students in our environment. The aim of the study was to find out the impact of HIV/AIDS health education intervention on the sexual risk behaviour of secondary school students. METHODS: This was an interventional follow-up study among senior secondary school students with controls selected from similar schools. The students' sexual risk behaviour was assessed at baseline followed by a HIV/AIDS health education intervention. The risk behaviour was then re-assessed 6 months after the intervention. RESULT: Students who lived in urban areas and those who lived with both parents were less likely to have experienced sexual intercourse at baseline than those who lived in the rural areas (but school in Jos during school sessions), and those who lived with single parents and other relations. Health education delayed sexual debut among students who were sexually naïve but had no effect on the sexual activity of those who were already sexually experienced. CONCLUSION: Health Education intervention has a place in reducing secondary school students' sexual risk behaviourif commenced before their sexual debut.

Impact of health education on sexual risk behaviour of secondary school students in Jos, Nigeria

BACKGROUND:Secondary school students are a high risk group for HIV transmission. They could also be easily reached with health education interventions. There is as yet no global consensus on the nature, content and effectiveness of this intervention among this group. It is also not known how effective this intervention is in reducing sexual risk behaviour among secondary school students in our environment. The aim of the study was to find out the impact of HIV/AIDS health education intervention on the sexual risk behaviour of secondary school students.METHODS:This was an interventional follow-up study among senior secondary school students with controls selected from similar schools. The students' sexual risk behaviour was assessed at baseline followed by a HIV/AIDS health education intervention. The risk behaviour was then re-assessed 6 months after the intervention.RESULT: Students who lived in urban areas and those who lived with both parents were less likely to have experienced sexual intercourse at baseline than those who lived in the rural areas (but school in Jos during school sessions), and those who lived with single parents and other relations. Health education delayed sexual debut among students who were sexually naïve but had no effect on the sexual activity of those who were already sexually experienced.CONCLUSION:Health Education intervention has a place in reducing secondary school students' sexual risk behaviourif commenced before their sexual debut