RESUMEN
The development of in vitro propagation methods can improve the current commercial use and conservation of plants like naranjilla (Solanum quitoense), a distinctive Andean crop and key emerging agricultural product. In the present study, we report in vitro culture protocols for naranjilla apical buds, hypocotyls and petioles. In apical bud culture, MS medium supplemented with 0.10 mg l-1 1-naphtaleneacetic acid (NAA) produced longer plantlets with greater number of leaves. Hypocotyl culture yielded higher number of shoots when using older explants in MS medium supplemented with different combinations of NAA, 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and gibberellic acid (GA3). Petiole culture produced a significantly higher number of shoots per explant, with more abundant and bigger leaves, when using MS medium supplemented with 0.02 mg l-1 NAA, 4.50 mg l-1 BAP and 1.00 mg l-1 GA3. A factorial analysis reveals that the interaction between GA3 and NAA/BAP plays an important role in shoot regeneration. These results provide new tools for the in vitro regeneration of naranjilla plants, improving on previously reported protocols for this species by using alternative explant types and regeneration protocols.
RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Comparing modified Ziehl-Neelsen (ZNm) and modified Safranin (Sm) staining for detecting C. cayetanensis oocysts in stool samples. METHODS: The sample to be analysed consisted of 100 stool samples which had been previously evaluated by direct microscopic examination and concentration. Each sample was then ZNm and Sm stained. Microscope examination was used as gold standard for comparing both techniques by statistical analysis. RESULTS: There was 95% sensitivity and 90% specificity for ZNm and 98% sensitivity and 100% specificity for Sm. The Kappa index was 0.93, signifying a very good degree of agreement between the two techniques. CONCLUSIONS: The use of either of the two stains for diagnosing C. cayetanensis can be recommended due to the high sensitivity and specificity for Zm and Sm found in this study and to the high degree of agreement between them.
Asunto(s)
Colorantes , Cyclospora/aislamiento & purificación , Heces/parasitología , Fenazinas , Coloración y Etiquetado/métodos , Animales , HumanosRESUMEN
Objetivo Comparar las coloraciones Ziehl-Neelsen modificada (ZNm) y Safranina modificada (Sm) en la detección de ooquistes de C. cayetanensis en muestras de materia fecal . Metodología Se analizaron 100 muestras de materia fecal que fueron evaluadas previamente por coprológico directo y por concentración, posteriormente se realizaron las coloraciones ZNm y Sm para cada una de las muestras. Para la comparación de las dos técnicas se hicieron análisis estadísticos tomando como prueba oro el examen directo. Resultados Se encontró una sensibilidad y especificidad del 95 por ciento y 98 por ciento para ZNm y del 90 por ciento y 100 por ciento para Sm respectivamente. El índice Kappa fue de 0,93, correspondiendo a un muy buen grado de concordancia entre las dos coloraciones. Conclusiones Debido a la alta sensibilidad y especificidad encontradas en este estudio para Zm y Sm y al alto grado de concordancia entre ellas, cualquiera de las dos coloraciones puede ser utilizada para el diagnóstico de rutina de C. cayetanensis.
Objective Comparing modified Ziehl-Neelsen (ZNm) and modified Safranin (Sm) staining for detecting C. cayetanensis oocysts in stool samples. Methods The sample to be analysed consisted of 100 stool samples which had been previously evaluated by direct microscopic examination and concentration. Each sample was then ZNm and Sm stained. Microscope examination was used as gold standard for comparing both techniques by statistical analysis. Results There was 95 percent sensitivity and 90 percent specificity for ZNm and 98 percent sensitivity and 100 percent specificity for Sm. The Kappa index was 0,93, signifying a very good degree of agreement between the two techniques. Conclusions The use of either of the two stains for diagnosing C. cayetanensis can be recommended due to the high sensitivity and specificity for Zm and Sm found in this study and to the high degree of agreement between them.
