RESUMEN
Background Aseptic techniques are crucial in preventing healthcare-associated infections, which are an integral part of standard precautions, and encompass a range of practices designed to safeguard patients from healthcare-associated infections. Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate the level of knowledge and identify the barriers faced by nursing staff in implementing aseptic techniques. Methodology This study employed a stratified random sampling technique to ensure the representation of the research sample. A cross-sectional, descriptive research design was used to assess the knowledge and barriers of nursing staff in maintaining aseptic techniques in their medical practice at Khartoum Teaching Hospital, Sudan. The nursing staff members were divided into different units, and a proportionate number of participants were randomly selected from each stratum. A total of 83 nursing staff members were recruited for this study. Data collection was conducted using a structured questionnaire specifically designed for this study. The questionnaire consisted of items that assessed the nursing staff's knowledge and barriers to aseptic technique implementation. Results The study findings revealed that the mean knowledge score of nursing staff was 14.12, with a median score of 15. The knowledge score had a standard deviation of 3.22. Approximately two-thirds of the nurses (66.3%) had an average level of knowledge, while 33.7% had a below-average level of knowledge. The chi-square analysis indicated a significant association between educational level, years of experience, and knowledge scores (P value=0.010) at a significance level of 0.05. Additionally, 65% of the participants reported facing multiple challenges in maintaining aseptic techniques, including insufficient training, limited resources, and inadequate support. Conclusion In conclusion, the evaluation revealed that a significant proportion of participants felt that their unit lacked adequate training and resources for aseptic techniques. Many had observed colleagues not adhering to aseptic practices, and the participants faced multiple challenges in maintaining aseptic techniques, including insufficient training, limited resources, time constraints, and inadequate support.
RESUMEN
We aim to collect the evidence of efficacy of Gentle Guman Touch (GHT) and Yakson Touch in preterm neonates as pain relief, heart rate, oxygen saturation, and urine cortisol level. We made our search through PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane by the mid of March 2023. Randomized control trials (RCTs) were included, and the Cochrane risk of bias tool was utilized to assess their quality. Using Review Manager software, a meta-analysis was conducted. We computed the mean difference (MD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) for the continuous data. During the examination, the Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS) was significantly reduced in the touch group compared to the control group (MD = -3.40, 95% CI [-4.15 to -2.64], P-value= 0.00001). After the examination, the NIPS score was also reduced by both Yakson touch and GHT compared to the control (MD = -2.14, 95% CI [-3.42 to -0.85], P-value <0.00001). Yakson touch and GHT are non-pharmacological, easy, and safe methods that can be used for painful interventions to reduce the pain experience of preterm infants from variable interventions. Both methods improved infant sleep and behavior. Preterm infants' heart rates and oxygen saturation were unaffected by Yakson touch or GHT.