[Revision of the Young Sonographers Basic e-Learning Abdomen Course]. / Revision des e-Learnings zum Grundkurs Abdomen der Young Sonographers.

Revision of the Young Sonographers Basic e-Learning Abdomen Course Abstract. Current situation: The Young Sonographers e-learning was created in 2017 and contains the theoretical content and the procedure for the practical examination technique of the basic course on abdominal ultrasound. In order to provide an optimal teaching tool for ultrasound training in Switzerland in the future, this e-learning material has now been revised. Methodology: The feedback from various experts as well as from participants, tutors and examiners served as the basis for the revision. Results and discussion: The feedback revealed five categories that needed adaptation: the structure of the examination procedures, the coherence between text and video, the reasonable use of video versus written text, the accurate naming of acts and tools and the quantitative balance of the module structures. After revision of these weak points, new scripts were written and filmed as video recordings. The digitally optimized implementation on the website is still under construction at the time of publication.

[Rare Incidental Finding during a Student Ultrasonography Course - A Case Report]. / Seltener Zufallsbefund in einem studentischen Sonografiekurs ­ ein Fallbericht.

Rare Incidental Finding during a Student Ultrasonography Course - A Case Report Abstract. During a sonography class in medical school, a large fluid-filled mass was discovered in the center of the lower abdomen in a healthy, asymptomatic female student; an overflow bladder was suspected. Despite various interdisciplinary investigations, the etiology of the cystic formation could not be clarified. Three months after discovery of the incidental finding, the increasingly symptomatic patient was diagnosed with a cystic tumor in the lower abdomen with secondary urinary retention, and surgical cyst excision was performed. A large, serous Paratubular cyst was found on the left side with torsion of the tube without signs of ischemia and without malignancy. Incidental findings in ultrasound teaching are not uncommon. Course participants, tutors, and course instructors must be aware of this and have a clear procedure at hand in order to deal with it.

[Emergency Ultrasound Training for and with Medical Students]. / Notfallsonografie für Studierende.

Emergency Ultrasound Training for and with Medical Students Abstract. Practical basic skills in sonography are a mandatory part of Swiss medical schools since 2018. The universities of Basel and Bern teach students the content of the POCUS component "Basic Emergency Sonography" of the SGUM and have developed the e-learning tool "POCUS Emergency Sonography" for this purpose in cooperation. By using this innovative blend- ed learning concept, students acquire basic skills in sonography and can build upon this know-how in their further education.

[e-Learning: Basics of Sonography. Development of a Nationwide Entry-Level Module for Ultrasound Training in Switzerland]. / E-Learning: Grundlagen der Sonografie.

e-Learning: Basics of Sonography. Development of a Nationwide Entry-Level Module for Ultrasound Training in Switzerland Abstract. Teaching the rudiments of the theoretical and practical aspects of sonography is a challenge for many ultrasound course instructors, which is why the use of e-learning has come to the fore. An e-learning programme has already been implemented as part of a SGUM project: the "Fundamentals of Sonography" module. It has now been further developed in terms of teaching methods and content so that it can be offered as a "pre-course assignment" to participants in a variety of ultrasound courses. Based on theoretical knowledge and the evaluation of previous e-learning courses, the principles for the revision of the learning programme were developed and then implemented. After completing the four course sections, users should be able to operate an ultrasound device and understand the basic physical principles. This article describes the didactic concepts of the revision of the e-learning, the contents of the end product, and the implications for practice.

[Peer Teaching in Ultrasound Education - A Narrative Review]. / Peer-Teaching in der Ultraschall-Ausbildung ­ Eine Übersichtsarbeit.

Peer Teaching in Ultrasound Education - A Narrative Review Abstract. Learning about ultrasound is becoming an increasingly important component of the undergraduate medical curriculum. However, teaching about this is very time-consuming, which is why many universities use peer teaching in ultrasound training. Peer teaching has various advantages that go beyond reducing specialists' teaching time: students may learn more from their peers because their cognitive schemata are more congruent and they are more likely to be open about their learning deficits. In addition, the process of teaching leads to increased learning and motivation in the peer teachers themselves. Most studies that compare peer teaching with teaching from medically qualified tutors show comparable learning effects, with different advantages for the two settings.

Glucose-induced glucagon-like Peptide 1 secretion is deficient in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: The incretins glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) are gastrointestinal peptide hormones regulating postprandial insulin release from pancreatic ß-cells. GLP-1 agonism is a treatment strategy in Type 2 diabetes and is evaluated in Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the role of incretins in its pathophysiology is insufficiently understood. Studies in mice suggest improvement of hepatic steatosis by GLP-1 agonism. We determined the secretion of incretins after oral glucose administration in non-diabetic NAFLD patients. METHODS: N=52 patients (n=16 NAFLD and n=36 Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) patients) and n=50 matched healthy controls were included. Standardized oral glucose tolerance test was performed. Glucose, insulin, glucagon, GLP-1 and GIP plasma levels were measured sequentially for 120 minutes after glucose administration. RESULTS: Glucose induced GLP-1 secretion was significantly decreased in patients compared to controls (p<0.001). In contrast, GIP secretion was unchanged. There was no difference in GLP-1 and GIP secretion between NAFLD and NASH subgroups. All patients were insulin resistant, however HOMA2-IR was highest in the NASH subgroup. Fasting and glucose-induced insulin secretion was higher in NAFLD and NASH compared to controls, while the glucose lowering effect was diminished. Concomitantly, fasting glucagon secretion was significantly elevated in NAFLD and NASH. CONCLUSIONS: Glucose-induced GLP-1 secretion is deficient in patients with NAFLD and NASH. GIP secretion is contrarily preserved. Insulin resistance, with hyperinsulinemia and hyperglucagonemia, is present in all patients, and is more severe in NASH compared to NAFLD. These pathophysiologic findings endorse the current evaluation of GLP-1 agonism for the treatment of NAFLD.