Conocimiento previo sobre fisioterapia de estudiantes de nuevo ingreso y comparación entre españoles y franceses: estudio observacional de base poblacional en Cataluña / Previous knowledge about Physiotherapy and comparison between Spanish and French new-entry students: a population-based observational study in Catalonia

Antecedentes y objetivo Evaluar el conocimiento previo sobre fisioterapia de los estudiantes de nuevo ingreso, analizando diferencias entre españoles y franceses. Material y métodos Estudio observacional, multicéntrico, transversal. Criterios de inclusión: mayores de edad inscritos en primer curso de grado único de fisioterapia. Los datos se recogieron mediante cuestionario y se analizaron mediante tests de Mann-Whitney y X2/Fisher. Resultados La muestra fue de 861 estudiantes (460 españoles y 401 franceses). Las ramas más citadas fueron la deportiva (47,2%), pediátrica (37,4%) y general (36,5%). Hubo diferencia estadísticamente significativa en el número de ramas citadas, con superioridad en los franceses (0,71 puntos). Los estudiantes franceses citaron significativamente más fisioterapia cardíaca, respiratoria, deportiva, geriátrica, neurológica, pediátrica, y urgencias/Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI), mientras que los españoles la educación o formación, osteopatía, preventiva, uroginecológica y veterinaria. Los centros sanitarios representaron el lugar de trabajo más enunciado (93,4%), seguido de las consultas privadas (61,7%), centros deportivos (54,7%) e instituciones geriátricas (33,6%). Los españoles citaron más lugares de trabajo (0,14 puntos). Los centros deportivos, sanitarios, sociales/cívicos, los entornos laborales y con animales y las instituciones educativas fueron significativamente más nombradas por los españoles, mientras que los franceses citaron más las consultas privadas y los domicilios. Conclusiones Los estudiantes franceses enumeraron significativamente más ramas de la fisioterapia, mientras que los españoles citaron más lugares de trabajo (próximo a la significancia estadística). Los franceses destacan significativamente más las consultas privadas y domicilios y ramas como la neurológica, pediátrica, deportiva, respiratoria o geriátrica (AU)

Background and objective To assess pre-existing knowledge about Physiotherapy and to analyze potential differences between new-entry students from Spain and France. Material and methods Observational, multicenter, cross-sectional study. Inclusion criteria: age 18 + years and enrolled in first year of a single degree in Physiotherapy. Data was collected via questionnaire and analized by Mann-Whitney and Chi-squared or Fisher tests. Results The sample consisted of 861 students (460 Spain and 401 France). The most mentioned branches were sports (47.2%), pediatric (37.4%) and general (36.5%). A statistically significant difference was found in the number of branches mentioned, with French students being ahead (0.71 points). Physiotherapy branches such as cardiac, respiratory, sports, geriatric, neurologic, pediatric, emergencies/ICU were mentioned significantly more by the French. Spanish students more frequently mentioned education, osteopathy, preventive, urogynecologic and veterinarian. Healthcare centers were the most cited (93.4%) workplaces, followed by outpatient clinics (61.7%), sports facilities (54.7%) and geriatric settings (33.6%). The Spanish mentioned more places than the French (0.14 points). Sports centers, healthcare settings, social/civic, workplace, places with animals and educational institutions were significantly more cited by Spanish students. French students cited outpatient private clinics and home visits more frequently. Conclusions French students cited a statistically significant higher number of branches of physiotherapy, while Spanish students cited a greater number of workplaces (close to statistical significance). Workplaces such as private consultations and in-home physiotherapy were mentioned significantly more by the French, and so were branches such as neurology, pediatrics, sports, respiratory or geriatrics (AU)

[Transcultural adaptation of AGRASS questionnaire to evaluate the management of heathcare risks]. / Adaptación transcultural del Questionário AGRASS para evaluar la gestión de riesgos asistenciales.

OBJECTIVE: To cross-culturally adapt the Questionário AGRASS for evaluation of healthcare risk management in health services. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The work was carried out following 5 stages: 1) initial translation to Spanish; 2) Synthesis; 3) translation back to Portuguese; 4) experts review, and 5) pretest performed in a specialized Costa Rican hospital. RESULTS: The AGRASS Questionnaire translated and adapted into Spanish has the same dimensional structure as the original, with 2 dimensions and 9 subdimensions. Thirty-nine of the 40 original items were approved (general validation index=100% per item). Its application was considered viable, with items well understood and with useful results that identify opportunities for improvement in healthcare risk management. CONCLUSIONS: The AGRASS Questionnaire is culturally adapted to the Costa Rican reality and future studies can evaluate its contribution to other hospital contexts in Ibero-American countries.

Supervivencia del cáncer de pulmón en pacientes tratados en un hospital de referencia en Zaragoza (España) / Survival of lung cancer patients treated at a referral hospital in Zaragoza (Spain)

Objetivo. El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo estudiar la supervivencia en el cáncer de pulmón de pacientes tratados en un hospital de referencia de Zaragoza. Material y métodos. La supervivencia observada fue calculada por el método de Kaplan-Meier. Para calcular la supervivencia relativa se utilizó el cálculo automatizado del Instituto Catalán de Oncología. Resultados. El tiempo medio de supervivencia fue de 25,74 meses. No hubo diferencia al comparar los grupos de edad (p=0,151), el sexo (p=0,369) y el tipo histológico del tumor (p=0,086); la supervivencia por estadio de la enfermedad en el momento del diagnóstico reveló diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p<0,001). La supervivencia relativa a los 5 años del diagnóstico para el grupo de individuos analizados fue del 14%. La supervivencia fue mayor para los varones (15,5%), las personas menores de 60 años (16,7%) y los tumores de tipo escamoso (18,7%). La supervivencia según el estadio tumoral estaba de acuerdo con la referencia TNM Staging System for Lung Cancer. Conclusiones. Los resultados evidencian que la tasa de supervivencia global para el cáncer de pulmón en Zaragoza sigue siendo muy baja a largo plazo y que depende del estadio de la enfermedad en el momento del diagnóstico (AU)

Objective. The aim of this work is to study the survival of lung cancer patients treated at a referral hospital in Zaragoza (Spain). Material and method. The Kaplan-Meier test was used to calculate observed survival. The automatic calculation of the Catalan Institute of Oncology was used to analyse relative survival. Results. Mean survival time was 25.74 months. There was no difference when comparing age groups (P=.151), gender (P=.369), and histological type of tumour (P=.086). Survival by stage of the disease at diagnosis revealed statistically significant differences (P<.001). Relative survival 5 years after diagnosis for the group analysed was 14%. Survival was higher for men (15.5%), in patients under 60 (16.7%) and squamous tumours (18.7%). Conclusions. Survival by tumour stage was in line with the TNM Staging System for Lung Cancer. These results suggest that overall survival rate for lung cancer in Zaragoza remains very low in the long term, and this depends on the stage of the disease at diagnosis (AU)

[Survival of lung cancer patients treated at a referral hospital in Zaragoza (Spain)]. / Supervivencia del cáncer de pulmón en pacientes tratados en un hospital de referencia en Zaragoza (España).

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this work is to study the survival of lung cancer patients treated at a referral hospital in Zaragoza (Spain). MATERIAL AND METHOD: The Kaplan-Meier test was used to calculate observed survival. The automatic calculation of the Catalan Institute of Oncology was used to analyse relative survival. RESULTS: Mean survival time was 25.74 months. There was no difference when comparing age groups (P=.151), gender (P=.369), and histological type of tumour (P=.086). Survival by stage of the disease at diagnosis revealed statistically significant differences (P<.001). Relative survival 5 years after diagnosis for the group analysed was 14%. Survival was higher for men (15.5%), in patients under 60 (16.7%) and squamous tumours (18.7%). CONCLUSIONS: Survival by tumour stage was in line with the TNM Staging System for Lung Cancer. These results suggest that overall survival rate for lung cancer in Zaragoza remains very low in the long term, and this depends on the stage of the disease at diagnosis.

What is the future burden of HPV-related cancers in Spain

PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to analyze mortality trends of HPV-related cancers in Spain by gender, during the period 1996-2010, and make predictions until the year 2025. METHODS: All deaths registered as cervical cancer were registered (ICD-10 code: C53), as well as vulvar and vaginal (C51 and C52), anal (C21), penile (C60), and oropharyngeal (C02, C09, C10). Adjusted rate calculations for each year were used to study the trends through the regression program Joinpoint. Predictions were made using the Nordpred program, utilizing the age-period-cohort model. RESULTS: In men, a statistically significant increase was observed in mortality by anal cancer, a reduction was observed in oropharyngeal cancer mortality and penile cancer rates were stable. In women, a statistically significant decreasing trend was observed for cervical, vulvar and vaginal cancers. In the predictions, the annual change relative to risk or population changes (size and structure) revealed a reduction in death risk by oropharyngeal cancer in men, and a reduction in death risk by anal cancer in women, although stable adjusted rates were verified for anal cancer in women. CONCLUSIONS: Although an increase was identified in the number of deaths for both genders, rates indicate gender differences in the trends, with increased rates for anal cancer and reduced rates for oropharyngeal cancer in men. Women presented reduced rates for cervical, vulvar, and vaginal cancers. For penile cancer and anal cancer in women, stable trends were verified (AU)

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What is the future burden of HPV-related cancers in Spain?

PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to analyze mortality trends of HPV-related cancers in Spain by gender, during the period 1996-2010, and make predictions until the year 2025. METHODS: All deaths registered as cervical cancer were registered (ICD-10 code: C53), as well as vulvar and vaginal (C51 and C52), anal (C21), penile (C60), and oropharyngeal (C02, C09, C10). Adjusted rate calculations for each year were used to study the trends through the regression program Joinpoint. Predictions were made using the Nordpred program, utilizing the age-period-cohort model. RESULTS: In men, a statistically significant increase was observed in mortality by anal cancer, a reduction was observed in oropharyngeal cancer mortality and penile cancer rates were stable. In women, a statistically significant decreasing trend was observed for cervical, vulvar and vaginal cancers. In the predictions, the annual change relative to risk or population changes (size and structure) revealed a reduction in death risk by oropharyngeal cancer in men, and a reduction in death risk by anal cancer in women, although stable adjusted rates were verified for anal cancer in women. CONCLUSIONS: Although an increase was identified in the number of deaths for both genders, rates indicate gender differences in the trends, with increased rates for anal cancer and reduced rates for oropharyngeal cancer in men. Women presented reduced rates for cervical, vulvar, and vaginal cancers. For penile cancer and anal cancer in women, stable trends were verified.

Fisioterapia del suelo pélvico en un caso de neuromielitis óptica / Pelvic floor physiotherapy in a case of neuromyelitis optica

La fisioterapia del suelo pélvico en las enfermedades desmielinizantes ha sido poco estudiada. El objetivo del presente estudio es describir los resultados obtenidos con la aplicación de un programa de fisioterapia basado en electroestimulación, biofeedback, gimnasia abdominal hipopresiva y conos vaginales con el fin de mejorar la calidad de vida y reducir los síntomas de la incontinencia urinaria y fecal de una paciente con denervación parcial del suelo pélvico. Se presenta a una mujer de 63 años que presentó 3 episodios de mielopatía dorsal y que fue diagnosticada de neuromielitis óptica, debido a la presencia de anticuerpos IgG anti-NMO, trastornos visuales tras el primer brote y ausencia de lesiones cerebrales en la resonancia magnética. Presentaba incontinencia urinaria y fecal de origen neurógeno. La fisioterapia del suelo pélvico mejoró la calidad de vida de esta paciente con enfermedad desmielinizante y también la severidad de la incontinencia urinaria y fecal

Pelvic floor physiotherapy in myelitis disorders has been little studied. The current study has aimed to describe the results obtained through the application of a physiotherapy program based on electrostimulation, biofeedback, abdominal hypopressive technique and vaginal cones to improve quality of life and to reduce urinary and fecal incontinence symptoms in a patient with partial denervation of the pelvic floor. We present the case of a 63-year-old woman who suffered three episodes of dorsal myelopathy. She was diagnosed with neuromyelitis optica due to the presence of anti-NMO IgG antibodies, visual disorders after the first outbreak and absence of brain lesions in magnetic resonance. She presented urinary and fecal incontinence of neurogenic etiology. Pelvic floor physiotherapy improved the quality of life of this patient with a myelitis disorder and also improved the severity of her urinary and fecal incontinence

Electroestimulación del suelo pélvico en mujeres con incontinencia urinaria y/o síndrome de vejiga hiperactiva: una revisión sistemática / Pelvic Floor Electrostimulation in Women With Urinary Incontinence and/or Overactive Bladder Syndrome: A Systematic Review

Contexto: La electroestimulación (EE) es una de las técnicas empleadas en el tratamiento conservador de la incontinencia urinaria (IU) y/o síndrome de vejiga hiperactiva (SVH). Sin embargo, existe controversia en la literatura científica acerca de su eficacia como monoterapia. Objetivo: Evaluar la evidencia científica sobre la EE del suelo pélvico en mujeres con IU y/o SVH. Adquisición de evidencia: Se realizó una revisión sistemática de ensayos clínicos en las bases de datos PubMed, Cochrane, PEDro, Elsevier (Doyma) y EnFisPo (1980-2011). Se evaluó la calidad de los estudios y se extrajo la información de los que reunieron los criterios de inclusión establecidos. Síntesis de evidencia: Un total de 27 ensayos clínicos han sido incluidos en la revisión: 13 ensayos controlados aleatorizados, 11 ensayos aleatorizados no controlados y 3 ensayos no aleatorizados. Conclusión: La mayor parte de los ensayos clínicos concluyen que la EE es eficaz en el tratamiento de la IU y el SVH en mujeres. Sin embargo, son necesarios más estudios de buena calidad metodológica para obtener un mayor nivel de evidencia científica y conocer cuál es la modalidad, tipo y parámetros de corriente óptimas para cada tipo de IU y el SVH (AU)

Context: Electrostimulation (ES) is one of the techniques employed in conservative treatment of urinary incontinence (UI) and/or overactive bladder syndrome (OAB). Nevertheless, there is controversy in the scientific literature regarding its effectiveness as monotherapy. Objective: To evaluate the scientific evidence on ES of the pelvic floor in women with UI and with/without OAB. Evidence acquisition: A systematic review of clinical trials was carried out in the following databases: PubMed, Cochrane, PEDro, Elsevier (Doyma) and EnFisPo (1980-2011). Quality of study registries was evaluated and information was obtained from those that presented the inclusion criteria established in the review. Evidence synthesis: The 27 clinical trials were included in the review: 13 randomized controlled trials, 11 randomized non-controlled trials and 3 non-randomized trials. Conclusion: Most of the clinical trials conclude that ES is effective in the treatment of UI and OAB in women. However, better methodological quality studies are needed to obtain a higher level of scientific evidence and to know the optimal current modality, type and parameters for each type of UI and OAB (AU)

Pelvic floor electrostimulation in women with urinary incontinence and/or overactive bladder syndrome: a systematic review.

CONTEXT: Electrostimulation (ES) is one of the techniques employed in conservative treatment of urinary incontinence (UI) and/or overactive bladder syndrome (OAB). Nevertheless, there is controversy in the scientific literature regarding its effectiveness as monotherapy. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the scientific evidence on ES of the pelvic floor in women with UI and with/without OAB. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: A systematic review of clinical trials was carried out in the following databases: PubMed, Cochrane, PEDro, Elsevier (Doyma) and EnFisPo (1980-2011). Quality of study registries was evaluated and information was obtained from those that presented the inclusion criteria established in the review. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: The 27 clinical trials were included in the review: 13 randomized controlled trials, 11 randomized non-controlled trials and 3 non-randomized trials. CONCLUSION: Most of the clinical trials conclude that ES is effective in the treatment of UI and OAB in women. However, better methodological quality studies are needed to obtain a higher level of scientific evidence and to know the optimal current modality, type and parameters for each type of UI and OAB.

Laryngeal cancer survival in Zaragoza (Spain): a population-based study

OBJECTIVE: This article aims to study larynx cancer survival from the Population-Based Cancer Registry of Zaragoza, Spain, for the period 1978-2002. METHODS: The survival rates were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. The automated calculation of the Catalan Institute of Oncology was utilised to obtain the relative survival. RESULTS: The observed survival rate was 84.6% in the first year and 60.9% in the fifth year. The one-year relative survival in both genders was 86.8% (CI 95%: 85.3-88.4) and 70.1% (CI 95%: 67.8-72.4) after five years. Glottic cancer presented a better survival rate than supraglottic and subglottic cancers, and a better survival rate was also observed in younger ages. There were no statistical differences when comparing survival rates by gender and between the periods 1978-1986, 1987-1994 and 1995-2002. CONCLUSIONS: The data suggest there were no significant changes in laryngeal cancer survival in the province of Zaragoza in the period 1978-2002 and that the tumours located in the glottis presented a better prognosis (AU)