Longitudinal study on catch-up growth in preterm infants with small for gestational age at corrected ages 0-24 months / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To understand the growth and development status and differences between small for gestational age (SGA) and appropriate for gestational age (AGA) preterm infants during corrected ages 0-24 months, and to provide a basis for early health interventions for preterm infants.@*METHODS@#A retrospective study was conducted, selecting 824 preterm infants who received regular health care at the Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center from July 2019 to July 2022, including 144 SGA and 680 AGA infants. The growth data of SGA and AGA groups at birth and corrected ages 0-24 months were analyzed and compared.@*RESULTS@#The SGA group had significantly lower weight and length than the AGA group at corrected ages 0-18 months (P<0.05), while there were no significant differences between the two groups at corrected age 24 months (P>0.05). At corrected age 24 months, 85% (34/40) of SGA and 79% (74/94) of AGA preterm infants achieved catch-up growth. Stratified analysis by gestational age showed that there were significant differences in weight and length at corrected ages 0-9 months between the SGA subgroup with gestational age <34 weeks and the AGA subgroups with gestational age <34 weeks and 34 weeks (P<0.05). In addition, the weight and length of the SGA subgroup with gestational age 34 weeks showed significant differences compared to the AGA subgroups with gestational age <34 weeks and 34 weeks at corrected ages 0-18 months and corrected ages 0-12 months, respectively (P<0.05). Catch-up growth for SGA infants with gestational age <34 weeks and 34 weeks mainly occurred at corrected ages 0-12 months and corrected ages 0-18 months, respectively.@*CONCLUSIONS@#SGA infants exhibit delayed early-life physical growth compared to AGA infants, but can achieve a higher proportion of catch-up growth by corrected age 24 months than AGA infants. Catch-up growth can be achieved earlier in SGA infants with a gestational age of <34 weeks compared to those with 34 weeks.

Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Inflammatory Regulation After Excision and Grafting of Severe Burn Wounds in Rats.

Severe burns predispose to shock and necessitate escharectomy and skin grafting. Previous studies show that mesenchymal stem cells are effective for burn wound healing and immune regulation. In this study, we combined escharectomy and skin grafting after burn injury with stem cell application, so as to examine the immune regulation of stem cells and the effect on the transplanted skin graft. SD rats were randomly divided into normal group, sham group, normal + hUCMSCs group, and normal + SB203580 group. Normal saline, hUCMSCs, and SB203580 were injected into the tail vein of each group, and serum inflammatory factors were detected by ELISA. The expression of p38 MAPK/NF-κB pathway proteins in rat liver was detected by western blot. Skin activity was detected by Trypan blue staining and western blot. Skin graft inflammatory infiltration was detected by histological analysis. We found that hUCMSCs could regulate the phosphorylation levels of P38MAPK and NF-B P65 proteins in the liver to reduce the inflammatory response. These effects could continue to reduce the production of inflammatory factors HMGB-1, IL-6, and TNF-α, and increase the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10. The infiltration of inflammatory cells in skin graft was significantly reduced in the normal + hUCMSCs group, and the macrophages in the hUCMSCs group polarized to the anti-inflammatory M2 direction in 3 days. However, the changes of skin graft activity and necroptosis markers protein RIP3 were not observed. The present study demonstrates the immunomodulatory effects of hUCMSCs on the systemic and skin graft microenvironment after excision.

Role of microglia in pathogenesis of depression: An update / 第二军医大学学报

Depression is a common clinical mental disease and has posed a serious threat to human health. Recent studies have found that immune-effecting microglia is closely related to the occurrence of depression. Microglia induces depression through a variety of inflammatory and non-inflammatory mechanisms. It is of great significance to study the role of microglia in the occurrence of depression, which can help to explore new targets of depression treatment and novel antidepressants.

Complementary feeding patterns among ethnic groups in rural western China / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

OBJECTIVE@#This study investigated complementary feeding practices among four ethnic groups (Han, Uygur, Tibetan, and Zhuang) based on a cross-sectional survey in rural western China.@*METHODS@#In 2005, a stratified multistage cluster random sampling method was used to recruit 9712 children (7411 Han, 1032 Uygur, 678 Tibetan, and 591 Zhuang) between 6 and 35 months of age and their mothers from 45 counties in 10 provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) in western China.@*RESULTS@#The rates of early introduction (before 6 months) of complementary foods in four ethnic groups (Han, Uygur, Tibetan, and Zhuang) were 71.30%, 95.95%, 82.40%, and 72.30%, respectively. The Infant and Child Feeding Index (ICFI) for Uygur and Tibetan children was lower than that for Han children at all age groups. Uygur children were more likely to have unqualified ICFI compared with Han children in a multivariate logistic regression (odds ratio (OR)=5.138, 95% confidence interval (CI): 4.340-6.084). A higher level of maternal education, greater family wealth, and the availability of complementary feeding educational materials decreased the likelihood of an unqualified ICFI. The nutritional status of children (Han, Tibetan, and Zhuang) with qualified ICFI was better than that for children with unqualified ICFI.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Appropriate interventions are required to improve complementary feeding practices in rural western China.

Littoral cell angioma of the spleen: report of three cases and a review of the literature / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

Littoral cell angioma is a recently described rare vascular tumor of the spleen. The clinical course of this benign tumor is asymptomatic in most patients. Herein, we described three patients with littoral cell angioma detected during physical examination. A brief discussion and review of a handful of cases of splenic littoral cell angioma, which have been previously reported in the English language literature, are performed in this paper.