Application Value of a New Lung Ultrasound Scoring Method in Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome Treatment.

The study was aimed at exploring the clinical value of a 14-zone lung ultrasound scoring (LUS) method in treating neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) with pulmonary surfactant (PS) and determining the timing of mechanical ventilation (MV). In this study, 88 neonates with NRDS who received PS replacement therapy were selected. We applied a new 14-zone LUS method before and 12, 24, 48 and 72 h after PS treatment to explore the clinical value of assessing PS replacement therapy efficacy in NRDS. Additionally, 67 patients with NRDS under MV received LUS during extubation. The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to analyze the diagnostic efficacy of LUS in the timing of extubation. LUS score was inversely associated with PS treatment. At 12 h after PS, only the 14-zone LUS method was significantly different (t = 4.08, p < 0.05) as compared with before PS, which was consistent with the change on chest x-ray (CXR); the other LUS methods did not differ (p > 0.05). The 14-zone LUS method exhibited better diagnostic performance for withdrawal time. A score of 41.0 points was used as the diagnostic threshold to predict the risk of withdrawal failure, with an area under the curve of 0.955, sensitivity of 92.4% and specificity of 93.8%. The new 14-zone LUS method improved scoring in the early efficacy of PS and had good diagnostic efficiency for timing the removal of MV in NRDS.

Prenatal diagnosis of triphalangeal thumb-polysyndactyly syndrome by ultrasonography combined with genetic testing: A case report.

BACKGROUND: Triphalangeal thumb-polysyndactyly syndrome (TPT-PS) is a rare type of congenital limb deformity, and most studies focus on the genetics. Case reports of the sonographic characteristics of TPT-PS during pregnancy are rare. CASE SUMMARY: A 30-year-old woman (G3P1) who had pregnancies with TPT-PS fetuses is presented. The possibility of TPT-PS was shown by ultrasound performed at the 19th wk of pregnancy, featuring hands with six metacarpals, an extra digit at the 5th finger side, and an abnormally widened thumb. Whole-exome sequencing was subsequently conducted. The results showed that exons 1-17 of the LMBR1 gene had a heterozygous duplication, with a length of approximately 253 kb. CONCLUSION: We suggest prenatal ultrasound examination combined with genetic testing to diagnose TPT-PS accurately and to help clinicians and patients make decisions.