NDP52 SUMOylation contributes to low-dose X-rays-induced cardiac hypertrophy through PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy via MUL1/SUMO2 signalling.

Radiation-induced heart damage caused by low-dose X-rays has a significant impact on tumour patients' prognosis, with cardiac hypertrophy being the most severe noncarcinogenic adverse effect. Our previous study demonstrated that mitophagy activation promoted cardiac hypertrophy, but the underlying mechanisms remained unclear. In the present study, PARL-IN-1 enhanced excessive hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes and exacerbated mitochondrial damage. Isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification-based quantitative proteomics identified NDP52 as a crucial target mediating cardiac hypertrophy induced by low-dose X-rays. SUMOylation proteomics revealed that the SUMO E3 ligase MUL1 facilitated NDP52 SUMOylation through SUMO2. Co-IP coupled with LC-MS/MS identified a critical lysine residue at position 262 of NDP52 as the key site for SUMO2-mediated SUMOylation of NDP52. The point mutation plasmid NDP52K262R inhibited mitophagy under MUL1 overexpression, as evidenced by inhibition of LC3 interaction with NDP52, PINK1 and LAMP2A. A mitochondrial dissociation study revealed that NDP52K262R inhibited PINK1 targeting to endosomes early endosomal marker (EEA1), late/lysosome endosomal marker (LAMP2A) and recycling endosomal marker (RAB11), and laser confocal microscopy confirmed that NDP52K262R impaired the recruitment of mitochondria to the autophagic pathway through EEA1/RAB11 and ATG3, ATG5, ATG16L1 and STX17, but did not affect mitochondrial delivery to lysosomes via LAMP2A for degradation. In conclusion, our findings suggest that MUL1-mediated SUMOylation of NDP52 plays a crucial role in regulating mitophagy in the context of low-dose X-ray-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Two hundred sixty-second lysine of NDP52 is identified as a key SUMOylation site for low-dose X-ray promoting mitophagy activation and cardiac hypertrophy. Collectively, this study provides novel implications for the development of therapeutic strategies aimed at preventing the progression of cardiac hypertrophy induced by low-dose X-rays.

Risk factor analysis of refracture in the same cemented vertebra after percutaneous kyphoplasty for Kümmell's disease.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the factors that affect refracture in the same cemented vertebra after percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) for Kümmell's disease (KD) and establish a risk prediction score. METHODS: A total of 2932 patients who were treated with PKP for KD between January 2019 and December 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. After inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, 191 patients were included in the study. According to the criteria for refracture, there were 50 patients in the refracture group and 141 patients in the no-refracture group. Twenty-five factors were analyzed. Patient demographics, medical history, imaging data, surgical data, and postoperative management were reviewed. Multivariate logistic regression modeling was used to identify the independent risk factors for refracture. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to assess and establish a risk score system and further predict the risk of refracture. RESULTS: In this study, 50 (26.2%) patients developed a refracture. Through univariate analysis, bone mineral density (BMD) (p < 0.001), compression rate (p = 0.007), classification (i.e., the stages determined by the compression ratios) (p < 0.001), bone cement volume (p < 0.001), volume fraction (p < 0.001), distribution pattern (p = 0.007), non-PMMA endplate contact (p < 0.001), and anti-osteoporosis therapy (p < 0.001) were found to be significant factors for post-cement vertebral refracture after PKP in patients with KD. Three independent risk factors were found to be significant for refracture: small volume fraction, low BMD, and no anti-osteoporosis therapy. One point was assigned for each factor. The incidence rates of refracture in patients with scores of 0, 1, 2, and 3 were 3.7%, 4.4%, 42.0%, and 100%, respectively. The area under the ROC curve for this risk prediction score was 0.888 (p < 0.001), indicating moderate accuracy. CONCLUSIONS: Volume fraction, BMD, and osteoporosis therapy are the main factors influencing the refracture of the same cemented vertebra in KD. On the basis of these factors, the risk prediction score developed in this paper can be used to forecast the incidence of refracture.

Impacts of different culture times on pregnancy outcomes after thawing of cleavage stage embryos.

OBJECTIVE: This study assessed the impacts of in vitro culture times of cleavage embryos on clinical pregnancy outcomes. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study was performed at the Reproductive Medicine Department of Hainan Modern Women and Children's Hospital in China between January 2018 and December 2022. Patients who first underwent frozen embryo transfer with in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) cycles on day 3 were included. According to the time of embryo culture after thawing, the embryos were divided into long-term culture group(18-20 h) and short-term culture group (2-4 h). The clinical pregnancy rate was regarded as he primary outcome. To minimize confounding factors and reduce selection bias, the propensity score matching was used to balance the effects of known confounding factors and to reduce selection bias. Stratified analyses and multiple logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the risk factors affecting the clinical pregnancy outcomes after matching. RESULTS: General characteristics between two groups were comparable after matching. In the long-term culture group, 266/381 (69.81%) embryos had more than 10 blastomeres, and 75/381 (19.68%) reached the morula stage. After overnight culture, the implantation rate (27.97% vs. 14.28%, P = 0.018) and clinical pregnancy rate (38.46% vs. 22.5%, P = 0.05) were increased in the group with proliferating blastomeres. The long-term culture group trended to have a higher clinical pregnancy rate compared with the short-term culture group (35.74% vs. 29.79%). No statistical differences in clinical pregnancy outcomes between the two groups were observed after matching, including the rates of implantation (25.46% vs23.98%), miscarriages (25% vs. 22.85%), ongoing pregnancy rate (76.2% vs. 77.15%) and live birth rate (26.8% vs. 22.98%). Stratified analyses were performed according to the age of the patients. After matching, there were no significant differences in the clinical pregnancy, implantation and miscarriage rates between the two groups for patients > 35 or ≤ 35 years of age. Subgroup analyses were performed according to the quality of the transferred embryos. There were no significant differences in the clinical outcomes, between two groups after embryos transferred with the same quality. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the influencing factors of clinical pregnancy outcomes after matching. Culture time was not found to be an independent predictor for clinical pregnancy [OR 0.742, 95%CI 0.487 ~ 1.13; P = 0.165]. The age of oocyte retrieval [OR 0.906, 95%CI 0.865 ~ 0.949; P <0.001] and the number of high-quality embryos transferred [OR 1.787, 95%CI 1.256 ~ 2.543; P = 0.001] were independent factors affecting clinical pregnancy outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: In vitro 18-20 h culture of embryos with either good-or non-good-quality will not adversely affect the clinical pregnancy.

Kondo scattering in underdoped Nd1-xSrxNiO2 infinite-layer superconducting thin films.

The recent discovery of superconductivity in infinite-layer nickelates generates tremendous research endeavors, but the ground state of their parent compounds is still under debate. Here, we report experimental evidence for the dominant role of Kondo scattering in the underdoped Nd1-xSrxNiO2 thin films. A resistivity minimum associated with logarithmic temperature dependence in both longitudinal and Hall resistivities are observed in the underdoped Nd1-xSrxNiO2 samples before the superconducting transition. At lower temperatures down to 0.04 K, the resistivities become saturated, following the prediction of the Kondo model. A linear scaling behavior [Formula: see text] between anomalous Hall conductivity [Formula: see text] and conductivity [Formula: see text]is revealed, verifying the dominant Kondo scattering at low temperature. The effect of weak (anti-)localization is found to be secondary. Our experiments can help in clarifying the basic physics in the underdoped Nd1-xSrxNiO2 infinite-layer thin films.

Clinical and radiographic outcomes of oblique lumbar interbody fusion with anterolateral screw and rod instrumentation in osteopenia patients: a retrospective study.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes of oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) to perform in L4/5 degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis (DLS) patients who diagnosed with osteopenia. METHODS: From December 2018 to 2021 March, 94 patients were diagnosed with degenerative spondylolisthesis underwent OLIF and divided into two groups with different bone mineral density. Anterolateral screw and rod instrumentation was applied in two groups. The primary outcomes were VAS, JOA and ODI. The secondary outcomes included disc height (DH), cross-sectional height of the intervertebral foramina (CSH), cross-sectional area of the dural sac (CSA), lumbar lordorsis (LL), pelvic titlt (PT), pelvic incidence (PI) and sacrum slop (SS). RESULTS: All patients finished at least 1 years follow-up with 21.05 ± 4.42 months in the group A and 21.09 ± 4.28 months in the group B. The clinical symptoms were evaluated by VAS, JOA and ODI and 94 patients showed good outcomes at final follow-up (P < 0.05), with significant increases in DH, CSH and CSA. In group A, DH increased from 8.54 ± 2.48 to 11.11 ± 2.63 mm, while increased from 8.60 ± 2.29 to 11.23 ± 1.88 were recorded in group B. No statistical difference was found in DH between the two groups (P > 0.05). The cage subsidence was 1.14 ± 0.83 mm in group A and 0.87 ± 1.05 mm in group B (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in the adjusted parameters of spino-pelvic between two groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Oblique lumbar interbody fusion with anterolateral screw and rod instrumentation is feasible to be performed in osteopenia patients who diagnosed with degenerative spondylolisthesis.

Biomechanical study of two-level oblique lumbar interbody fusion with different types of lateral instrumentation: a finite element analysis.

Objective: The aim of this study was to verify the biomechanical properties of a newly designed angulated lateral plate (mini-LP) suited for two-level oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF). The mini-LP is placed through the lateral ante-psoas surgical corridor, which reduces the operative time and complications associated with prolonged anesthesia and placement in the prone position. Methods: A three-dimensional nonlinear finite element (FE) model of an intact L1-L5 lumbar spine was constructed and validated. The intact model was modified to generate a two-level OLIF surgery model augmented with three types of lateral fixation (stand-alone, SA; lateral rod screw, LRS; miniature lateral plate, mini-LP); the operative segments were L2-L3 and L3-L4. By applying a 500 N follower load and 7.5 Nm directional moment (flexion-extension, lateral bending, and axial rotation), all models were used to simulate human spine movement. Then, we extracted the range of motion (ROM), peak contact force of the bony endplate (PCFBE), peak equivalent stress of the cage (PESC), peak equivalent stress of fixation (PESF), and stress contour plots. Results: When compared with the intact model, the SA model achieved the least reduction in ROM to surgical segments in all motions. The ROM of the mini-LP model was slightly smaller than that of the LRS model. There were no significant differences in surgical segments (L1-L2, L4-L5) between all surgical models and the intact model. The PCFBE and PESC of the LRS and the mini-LP fixation models were lower than those of the SA model. However, the differences in PCFBE or PESC between the LRS- and mini-LP-based models were not significant. The fixation stress of the LRS- and mini-LP-based models was significantly lower than the yield strength under all loading conditions. In addition, the variances in the PESF in the LRS- and mini-LP-based models were not obvious. Conclusion: Our biomechanical FE analysis indicated that LRS or mini-LP fixation can both provide adequate biomechanical stability for two-level OLIF through a single incision. The newly designed mini-LP model seemed to be superior in installation convenience, and equally good outcomes were achieved with both LRS and mini-LP for two-level OLIF.

Niclosamide exposure disrupts antioxidant defense, histology, and the liver and gut transcriptome of Chinese soft-shelled turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis).

Niclosamide (NIC) is the only commercially available molluscicide for controlling schistosomiasis, and its negative effects on aquatic animals had been frequently reported in recent years. However, the toxicity mechanism of NIC on the Chinese soft-shelled turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis) have not yet been investigated. Therefore, juvenile turtles were exposed to 0 (control group), 10 (low NIC, L), and 50 (high NIC, H) µg/L NIC for 120 h and our results demonstrated that NIC exposure induced severe pathological changes in the liver of P. sinensis. And the typical symptom included edema, nuclear migration and deformation, and vacuolization. Compared with the liver, the NIC exposure did not cause significant damage in the gut tissue. In addition, the DHE staining demonstrated that the ROS production of liver and gut increased with the increase in concentration of NIC. The activities of antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT) was inhibited with increased malondialdehyde (MDA) content, indicating that the antioxidant defense was significantly perturbed. Further, the transcriptome sequencing and was applied to evaluate the underlying toxicity mechanisms of NIC exposure in liver and gut of P. sinensis. Pathway enrichment showed that the disorder of lipid metabolism and innate immune regulation, including Toll-like receptors (TLRs), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), lectins, and complement and coagulation cascades, were toxicological properties of NIC on P. sinensis. Overall, the current study provides valuable information to understand the toxic effect of NIC on Chinese soft-shelled turtle.

Minimally invasive percutaneous new designed transpedicular lag-screw fixation for the management of Hangman fracture using O-arm-based navigation: a clinical study.

BACKGROUND: To investigate the outcomes and safety of using minimally invasive percutaneous new transpedicular lag-screw fixation with intraoperative, full rotation, three-dimensional image (O-arm)-based navigation for the management of Hangman fracture. METHODS: Twenty-two patients with Hangman fracture were treated with minimally invasive percutaneous new transpedicular lag-screws using intraoperative, full rotation, and three-dimensional image (O-arm)-based navigation. The preoperative and postoperative conditions of the patients were evaluated according to the ASIA (American Spinal Injury Association) scale. The patient's VAS (visual analog scale) scores before and after surgery, operation time, cervical vertebral activity, intervertebral angle and bone healing were recorded and collected, and repeated measures analysis of variance was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: All patients were satisfactorily repositioned after surgery, and the VAS scores for neck pain were significantly lower than those before surgery on the first day and at 1 month, 3 months and the last follow-up (P < 0.001). According to the ASIA scale, four patients recovered from preoperative grade D to postoperative grade E. Bony fusion was achieved for all cases, and the range of neck rotation was restored to normal at the last follow-up. The post-surgery angular displacement (AD) demonstrated the stability of C2-3 after our new screw fixation for the treatment of Hangman fracture. CONCLUSIONS: Minimally invasive percutaneous new transpedicular lag-screw fixation using intraoperative, full rotation, three-dimensional image (O-arm)-based navigation achieved satisfactory clinical results with the advantages of immediate stability, safety and effectivity. We suggest that it is a reliable and advanced technique for the management of Hangman fracture.

Bone Cement Reperfusion Revision Surgery for Symptomatic Recurrence of Kümmell's Disease After Percutaneous Kyphoplasty.

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. OBJECTIVES: To demonstrate that repeat Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) performed for the same cemented vertebrae in Kümmell's disease can offer therapeutic benefit for patients with recurrent symptoms after initial percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) treatment. METHODS: From January 2019 to December 2021, we investigated 2932 patients with PKP. Among them, 191 patients were diagnosed Kümmell's disease. 33 patients upon presentation of recurrent symptoms underwent repeat PVP procedure. Radiologic outcomes and clinic indices were investigated. RESULTS: Bone cement reperfusion surgery was successfully completed in 33 patients. The average age was 73.5 ± 8.2 years old. The kyphosis angle showed significant correction from pre-operation to the final follow-up, descending from pre-operation (20.6 ± 11.1°) to final follow-up (15.4 ± 7.9°). The vertebral heights at different follow-up appointments were significantly higher than the pre-operative appointments. The VAS and ODI scores at final follow-up were respectively 1.2 ± .8 and 27.3 ± 5.4%, which were both significantly lower than those before operation. No complications such as cement leakage into the spinal canal or cement displacement occurred during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Bone cement reperfusion surgery can ameliorate kyphosis and restore vertebral height to some extent. Repeat PVP is a minimally invasive surgery that provides superior long-term results in clinical and radiological outcomes but is technically more difficult to perform.

In vitro/ in vivo evaluation of double crosslinked bone glue with different degrees.

Successful bone fragment fixation is a crucial factor in bone fracture healing, the fixation of crushed bone fragments could hinder bone fracture healing. Thus, ideal bone glues to effectively adhere and splice comminuted bone fragments are needed in clinical. Herein, an osteoinductive and biodegradable double cross-linked bone glue (GelMA-oDex-AMBGN) was constructed through Schiff's base reaction between commercial GelMA (with different substitution degrees of amino groups) and Odex mixed with amine-modified mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (AMBGN), followed by crosslink with blue light irradiation. The GelMA-oDex-AMBGN bone glue successfully adhered and spliced the comminuted bone fragments of isolated rat skulls. GelMA-oDex-AMBGN promoted the proliferation of 3T3 cells and enhanced the expression of osteogenic proteins Runx2 and OCN in vitro. In rat cranial critical-sized defect models, GelMA-oDex-AMBGNs with different substitution degrees significantly increased the new bone contents at the fracture defect sites and promoted bone tissue regeneration in vivo. In conclusion, the double cross-linked bone glue (GelMA-oDex-AMBGN) was successfully constructed and can induce bone regeneration. Additionally, there was no significant difference in osteogenic activity among GelMA-oDex-AMBGNs with different substitution degrees and the equal content of AMBGN.

Comparison of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion versus anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion in the treatment of localized ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament.

BACKGROUND: The retrospective study was conducted to compare the efficacy of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) and anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion (ACCF) for localized ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) by evaluating clinical and radiologic outcomes. METHODS: We reviewed 151 patients to assess the effects of treatment for one or two levels localized OPLL. Perioperative parameters, such as blood loss, operation time and complications, were recorded. Radiologic outcomes, such as the occupying ratio (OR), fusion status, cervical lordosis angle, segmental angle, disc space height, T1 slope, and C2-C7 sagittal vertical axis (SVA), were assessed. Clinical indices, such as the JOA scores and VAS scores, were investigated to compare the two surgical options. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in the JOA scores or VAS scores between the two groups (p > 0.05). The operation time, volume of blood loss and incidence of dysphagia were significantly less in the ACDF group than in the ACCF group (p < 0.05). In addition, cervical lordosis, segmental angle and disc space height were significantly different from their preoperative evaluations. No adjacent segment degenerated in the ACDF group. The subsidence rates of implants were 5.2% in the ACDF group and 28.4% in the ACCF group. The degeneration of the ACCF group was 4.1%. The incidence of CSF leaks was 7.8% in the ACDF group and 13.5% in the ACCF group. All the patients ultimately achieved successful fusion. CONCLUSION: Although both options achieved satisfactory primary clinical and radiographic efficacies, ACDF was associated with a shorter surgical procedure, less intraoperative blood loss, better radiologic outcomes, and lower incidence of dysphagia than ACCF.

Fever of unknown origin characterized by acute kidney injury and nephrotic syndrome diagnosed as intravascular large B-cell lymphoma of kidney: case report and literature review.

A 60-year-old Chinese female patient was admitted to the hospital with complaint of intermittent fever for more than seven months. The main clinical manifestations were acute kidney injury and nephrotic syndrome which developed into a hemophagocytic syndrome. The symptoms did not improve with antibiotics. Moreover, prednisone could only reduce the fever. Finally, a kidney biopsy showed many CD20-positive cells in the glomerulus and some in the peritubular capillaries. This led to a diagnosis of renal intravascular large B-cell lymphoma.

Comparison of three techniques in the surgical management of metastatic vertebral fracture with posterior wall damage: a retrospective study.

BACKGROUND: To retrospectively compare the safety and efficacy of percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP), internal fixation (IF), and kyphoplasty combined with internal fixation (KP + IF) in treating metastatic vertebral fracture (MVF) with posterior wall damage. METHODS: 87 patients with MVF with posterior wall damage underwent surgery. In Group PKP, 36 patients underwent PKP; in Group IF, 20 patients underwent pedicle screw fixation; and in Group KP + IF, 31 patients underwent kyphoplasty combined with pedicle screw fixation. Operative time, intraoperative blood loss, clinical and radiological results, and complication rate in each group were evaluated and compared. RESULTS: Significant improvement on the VAS, ODI scores, vertebral height and local kyphotic angle (LKA) was noted in each group (P < 0.001). Group PKP and Group KP + IF achieved better pain relief than Group IF (P < 0.05). At postoperative 3 days, Group PKP had better pain relief than Group KP + IF (P < 0.05). At other follow-up time points, there were no differences between Group PKP and KP + IF (P > 0.05). Group KP + IF and Group IF were more efficacious than Group PKP in terms of height restoration and LKA correction (P < 0.05). Group KP + IF had a higher incidence of postoperative complications than Group PKP and Group IF(P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: PKP was safe and effective in treating MVF with posterior wall damage. It can achieve similar clinical outcomes compared to KP + IF, but associated with less operative time, less blood loss and fewer complications. IF alone should not be the first treatment option for its poorer analgesic effect.

The effect of Xuezhikang capsule on gene expression profile in brown adipose tissue of obese spontaneously hypertensive rats.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Obesity is a critical threat to global health, and brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a potential target for the treatment of obesity and comorbidities. Xuezhikang Capsule (XZK), an extract of red yeast rice, has remarkable clinical efficacy and is widely used for the treatment of hyperlipidemia and coronary heart disease. However, its modulatory effect on BAT remains unknown. AIM OF THIS STUDY: The aim of this study was to investigate the protective mechanism of XZK in the obese spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) model by evaluating the regulatory effect of XZK on the BAT gene profile through transcriptome sequencing. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The SHRs were randomly divided into four groups: the standard chow diet (STD) group, the STD supplemented with 126 mg/kg of XZK group, the high-fat diet (HFD) group, and the HFD supplemented with 126 mg/kg of XZK group. All SHRs were fed for 18 weeks. The metabolic phenotypes, including body weight, fat mass, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and serum glucose and lipid levels, was evaluated, and hematoxylin and eosin staining (H&E) staining was performed to evaluate the adipose tissue histopathological phenotype. Transcriptome sequencing was performed to determine the mechanism by which XZK improves the metabolic phenotype and the expression of key differential expression genes was verified by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). RESULTS: XZK inhibited HFD-induced weight gain and adipose tissue remodeling in SHRs and prevented hypertrophy of epididymal adipocytes and maintained the brown fat phenotype. XZK intervention also improved glucose and lipid metabolism in SHRs, as suggested by a reduction in serum triglyceride (TG), low-density cholesterol (LDL-C), and fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels as well as increasing in serum high-density cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. Transcriptome sequencing analysis confirmed the regulatory effect of XZK on the gene expression profile of BAT, and the expression patterns of 45 genes were reversed by the XZK intervention. Additionally, the results of the transcriptome analysis of 10 genes that are important for brown fat function were in line with the results of qRT-PCR. CONCLUSIONS: XZK protected SHRs from HFD-induced obesity, inhibited fat accumulation and improved glucolipid metabolism. Additionally, the protective effect of XZK on the overall metabolism of obese SHRs might partly be related to its regulatory effect on the BAT gene expression profile. These findings might provide novel therapeutic strategies for obesity-related metabolic diseases in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).

Feasibility of the modified inverted L-shaped approach for posterolateral tibial plateau fracture: A retrospective study.

Approaches for treating posterolateral tibial plateau fractures vary among surgeons, and the inverted L-shaped approach is a known option. This article aims to introduce a new modified posterolateral inverted L-shaped approach for isolated posterolateral tibial plateau fractures and study its feasibility. Medical records of patients with posterolateral tibial plateau fractures were reviewed. Plain radiographs were obtained during the follow-up period, and the hospital for special surgery (HSS) score was used to assess the function of the injured limb. Perioperative complications were recorded and followed-up. In total, 32 patients with posterolateral tibial plateau fractures were treated using a modified posterolateral approach. The mean age of the patients was 44 ± 11 years (28-64 years). All patients successfully underwent surgery and were followed-up for a mean duration of 13 ± 2 months (10-16 months). On plain radiographs, fracture lines were fuzzy 3 months after surgery and disappeared 12 months after surgery. No perioperative complications occurred during the follow-up period. The HSS score was evaluated 12 months after surgery, and the mean score was 91 ± 5 points (81-97 points), including 25 excellent cases and 7 good cases. The modified posterolateral inverted L-shaped approach has the advantages of small soft tissue dissection, fracture reduction under direct vision, easy internal fixation, and a lower risk of neurovascular injury. This approach is feasible for the treatment of isolated posterolateral tibial plateau fractures, and further high-quality randomized control trials are required to confirm its clinical efficacy.

ICP-MS based metallomics and GC-MS based metabolomics reveals the physiological and metabolic responses of Dendrobium huoshanense plants exposed to Fe3O4 nanoparticles.

It is found that the growth of Dendrobium huoshanense was dependent on Fe3O4, while the bioavailability of plants to ordinary Fe3O4 was low on the earth. In order to improve the growth, quality and yield of D. huoshanense, we used Fe3O4 NPs (100 or 200 mg/L) that was easily absorbed by plants as nano-fertilizer to hydroponically treat seedlings of D. huoshanense for 3 weeks. Fe3O4 NPs induced not only earlier flowering and increased sugar content and photosynthesis, but also stressed to plants, increased MDA content and related antioxidant enzymes activities. Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) revealed that Fe3O4 NPs caused a significant accumulation of Fe and some other nutrient elements (Mn, Co, B, Mo) in stems of D. huoshanense. Metabolomics revealed that the metabolites were reprogrammed in D. huoshanense when under Fe3O4 NPs exposure. Fe3O4 NPs inhibited antioxidant defense-related pathways, demonstrating that Fe3O4 NPs have antioxidant capacity to protect D. huoshanense from damage. As the first study associating Fe3O4 NPs with the quality of D. huoshanense, it provided vital insights into the molecular mechanisms of how D. huoshanense responds to Fe3O4 NPs, ensuring the reasonable use of Fe3O4 NPs as nano-fertilizer.

Genome-wide identification of R2R3-MYB family genes and gene response to stress in ginger.

Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) is an important plant used worldwide for medicine and food. The R2R3-MYB transcription factor (TF) family has essential roles in plant growth, development, and stresses resistance, and the number of genes in the family varies greatly among different types of plants. However, genome-wide discovery of ZoMYBs and gene responses to stresses have not been reported in ginger. Therefore, genome-wide analysis of R2R3-MYB genes in ginger was conducted in this study. Protein phylogenetic relations and conserved motifs and chromosome localization and duplication, structure, and cis-regulatory elements were analyzed. In addition, the expression patterns of selected genes were analyzed under two different stresses. A total of 299 candidate ZoMYB genes were discovered in ginger. Based on groupings of R2R3-MYB genes in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh., ZoMYBs were divided into eight groups. Genes were distributed across 22 chromosomes at uneven densities. In gene duplication analysis, 120 segmental duplications were identified in the ginger genome. Gene expression patterns of 10 ZoMYBs in leaves of ginger under abscisic acid (ABA) and low-temperature stress treatments were different. The results will help to determine the exact roles of ZoMYBs in anti-stress responses in ginger.

Anterior C2-3 fusion with internal fixation for unstable teardrop fracture of the axis: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Teardrop fracture of the axis (TDFA) is rare in cervical injuries. The treatment for TDFA is controversial, and few prior studies exist. C2-3 fusion with internal fixation could provide anterior support and ensure immediate stability. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcome of anterior C2-3 fusion with internal fixation for unstable TDFA. Methods: Fifteen patients with unstable TDFA were treated by anterior C2-3 fusion with internal fixation between October 2012 and June 2018. Radiological parameters, including the avulsed ratio of the inferior endplate of the axis, the average rotation angle, and the displacement of the avulsed fragment, were measured before the operation. Clinical parameters, including the visual analogue scale (VAS) and the Neck Disability Index (NDI), were assessed before the operation; 3 days, 1 month, and 3 months after the operation; and at the final follow-up. Perioperative complications were also recorded. Results: The mean follow-up time was 42.4 months (24-60 months). The mean operation time was 81.0 minutes (62-104 minutes), and the intraoperative blood loss was 61.3 mL (30-100 mL). Two patients complained of mild dysphagia after the operation and recovered at postoperative 1 month. Two patients classified as American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) impairment scale grade D both improved to ASIA grade E postoperatively. The VAS score decreased from a preoperative value of 8.2±1.2 to a postoperative value of 1.7±0.9 (P<0.001), and maintained at 1.5±0.6 at last follow-up (P=0.51). The NDI score decreased from a preoperative value of 79.3±14.1 to a postoperative value of 16.5±4.3 (P<0.001), and maintained at 17.1±4.6 at last follow-up (P=0.62). No loosening or rupture of implantation was observed during the follow-up period. Bony union and fusion were achieved in all patients. Conclusions: The clinical and radiological outcomes of anterior C2-3 fusion with internal fixation for the treatment of unstable TDFA were satisfactory. Anterior C2-3 fusion with internal fixation could be considered as a safe and effective method for managing TDFA.

Comparison between Percutaneous Kyphoplasty and Posterior Fixation Combined with Vertebroplasty in the Treatment of Stage III Kümmell's Disease without Neurological Deficit.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical and radiological outcomes of percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) versus posterior fixation combined with vertebroplasty PF+VP for treating stage III Kümmell's disease (KD) patients without neurological deficits. Methods: From April 2016 to February 2020, a total of 88 patients with single-level stage III KD without neurological deficits, including 45 patients treated by PKP and 43 patients who underwent posterior fixation combined with vertebroplasty PF+VP, were retrospectively studied. The outcome parameters, including blood loss, operative time, kyphotic Cobb angle, height of vertebrae, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and visual analog scale (VAS) score, were compared between the PKP group and the PF+VP group. Results: The mean follow-up time was 29.3 ± 7.0 months, ranging from 24 to 48 months. The kyphotic angle and vertebral height in both groups were significantly improved compared with those before surgery at three days, 3 months and the final follow-up. The estimated blood loss, operative time, and length of stay were significantly lower in the PKP group than in the PF+VP group (P < 0.001). The FP+VP group showed better results in kyphotic angle correction than the PKP group (P = 0.024). In the short-term follow-up (up to 3 months), the PKP group had lower VAS and ODI scores than the PF+VP group. In contrast, there were no significant differences between the two groups (P > 0.05) at the final follow-up. The average cost of PKP was lower than that of PF+VP. Conclusion: The results of our study showed that both PKP and PF+VP were safe and effective for stage III KD patients without neurological deficits. Although PF+VP presents better performance in kyphotic angle correction, PKP was associated with less surgical trauma, quicker pain relief, and lower expense than PF+VP. Therefore, it can be considered an alternative option for patients with advanced KD.