Investigation into knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding medical nutrition therapy among patients with diabetes in China: Results from a national multicenter cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to investigate knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) associated with medical nutrition therapy (MNT) among Chinese adult patients with diabetes and prediabetes. METHODS: From May to August 2014, a cross-sectional study was conducted in 40 hospitals across China. The KAP of respondents was investigated through a pretested structured questionnaire in face-to-face interviews. Anthropometric and biochemical data were collected, and KAP scores were recorded according to patient responses. RESULTS: In all, responses from 7017 of 7508 patients were analyzed. The mean (±SD) overall KAP score was 9.63 ± 3.46, with individual scores for the K, A, and P components being 2.69 ± 1.90, 1.77 ± 1.99, and 5.17 ± 1.99, respectively (out of possible total scores of 19, 6, 3, and 10, respectively). All scores were higher in respondents who received ≥15 min MNT education than in those with shorter sessions. Patients with higher KAP scores exhibited significantly better glycemic control, with a higher proportion achieving target HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose, and 2-h postprandial blood glucose levels (P < 0.05). "Health publicity in hospitals" and "expert outpatient services" were the most favorable means of acquiring MNT information. The two predominant concerns associated with MNT were "the feasibility" and "the authenticity and professionalism of the information". CONCLUSIONS: Patients with diabetes and prediabetes achieved moderate scores for KAP towards MNT. Glycemic control was positively correlated with the KAP score. Thus, MNT education should be improved, with a particular focus on feasibility and authenticity and professionalism, in China.

[Influence of exogenous 5'-nucleotides on acute alcohol intoxication in rats].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate effects of exogenous 5'-nucleotides on acute alcohol intoxication in SD rats. METHODS: In our study, 24 male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups which included a control group treated with normal saline and three experimental groups treated with low, medium and high doses of exogenous 5'-nucleotides (0.2, 0.8, 3.2 g/kg body weight). All the rats were gavaged with 50% ethanol 30 minutes after treatment. Then rotarod test and open field test were taken to assess rats' neurobehavior changes; Tail blood samples were collected to test blood ethanol concentration; Then all the rats were anesthetized and killed to collect blood and liver samples. Contents of serum alanine amino transferase, aspartate amino transferase, triglyceride, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, total protein and albumin were tested; Their serum superoxide dismutase activity, malondialdehyde content and liver alcohol dehydrogenase activity were measured. RESULTS: Compared with the controls, high dose nucleotides treated rats had lower serum ethanol concentration [(0.56±0.18 g/L)vs.(1.11±0.44 g/L), P<0.05]. However, exogenous 5'-nucleotides had no impact on neurobehavior and serum biochemical indicators; No difference was found in liver alcohol dehydrogenase activity, serum superoxide dismutase activity and malondialdehyde content were also found no different between the groups. CONCLUSION: Exogenous 5'-nucleotides have no protective properties for acute alcohol intoxication in rats.