GCN5 regulates ZBTB16 through acetylation, mediates osteogenic differentiation, and affects orthodontic tooth movement.

In the process of orthodontic tooth movement (OTM), periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDLFs) must undergo osteogenic differentiation. OTM increased the expression of Zinc finger and BTB domain-containing 16 (ZBTB16), which is implicated in osteogenic differentiation. Our goal was to investigate the mechanism of PDLF osteogenic differentiation mediated by ZBTB16. The OTM rat model was established, and PDLFs were isolated and exposed to mechanical force. Hematoxylin-eosin staining, Alizarin Red staining, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry were carried out. The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was measured. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay were conducted. In OTM models, ZBTB16 was significantly expressed. Additionally, there was an uneven distribution of PDLFs in the OTM group, as well as an increase in fibroblasts and inflammatory infiltration. ZBTB16 interference hindered PDLF osteogenic differentiation and decreased Wnt and ß-catenin levels. Meanwhile, ZBTB16 activated the Wnt/ß-catenin pathway. ZBTB16 also enhanced the expression of the osteogenic molecules osterix, osteocalcin (OCN), osteopontin (OPN), and bone sialo protein (BSP) at mRNA and protein levels. The interactions between Wnt1 and ZBTB16, as well as GCN5 and ZBTB16, were also verified. The adeno-associated virus-shZBTB16 injection also proved to inhibit osteogenic differentiation and reduce tooth movement distance in in vivo tests. ZBTB16 was up-regulated in OTM. Through acetylation modification of ZBTB16, GCN5 regulated the Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway and further mediated PDLF osteogenic differentiation.

Comparison of the predictive value of Padua and the IMPEDE assessment scores for venous thromboembolism in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: A single institution experience / 中华血液学杂志

Objective: To compare the predictive efficacy of the two thrombosis risk assessment scores (Padua and IMPEDE scores) in venous thromboembolism (VTE) within 6 months in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) in China. Methods: This study reviewed the clinical data of 421 patients with NDMM hospitalized in Beijing Jishuitan Hospital from April 2014 to February 2022. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and Youden index of the two scores were calculated to quantify the thrombus risk assessment of VTE by the Padua and IMPEDE scores. The receiver operating characteristics curves of the two evaluation scores were drawn. Results: The incidence of VTE was 14.73%. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and Youden index of the Padua score were 100%, 0%, 14.7%, and 0% and that of the IMPEDE score was 79%, 44%, 49.2%, and 23%, respectively. The areas under the curve of Padua and IMPEDE risk assessment scores were 0.591 and 0.722, respectively. Conclusion: IMPEDE score is suitable for predicting VTE within 6 months in patients with NDMM.

Research progress of improving demyelination in treatment of spinal cord injury / 中国药理学通报

Axonal demyelination is an important factor causing neurological dysfunction after spinal cord injury. Retaining the integrity of myelin sheath and promoting remyelination play an important role in the functional recovery of spinal cord injury. The bottleneck of the failure of remyelination is the inability of myelin-forming cells (oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells) to differentiate and mature. In recent years related research on spinal cord injury demyelination has found that cell transplantation, neuregulin-1 and hydrogel can effectively enhance remyelination, and identified aquaporin-4 (aquaporin-4, AQP4), metal-loproteinase (Matrix metailoproteinase, MMP) may be a potential therapeutic target to promote myelin recovery after spinal cord injury. This review discusses the research progress of enhancing remyelination after spinal cord injury, providing ideas for the further development of new methods for the treatment of spinal cord injury.

A multifunctional theranostics nanosystem featuring self-assembly of alcohol-abuse drug and photosensitizers for synergistic cancer therapy.

Conventional treatments for cancer, such as chemotherapy, surgical resection, and radiotherapy, have shown limited therapeutic efficacy, with severe side effects, lack of targeting and drug resistance for monotherapies, which limit their clinical application. Therefore, combinatorial strategies have been widely investigated in the battle against cancer. Herein, we fabricated a dual-targeted nanoscale drug delivery system based on EpCAM aptamer- and lactic acid-modified low-polyamidoamine dendrimers to co-deliver the FDA-approved agent disulfiram and photosensitizer indocyanine green, combining the imaging and therapeutic functions in a single platform. The multifunctional nanoparticles with uniform size had high drug-loading payload, sustained release, as well as excellent photothermal conversion. The integrated nanoplatform showed a superior synergistic effect in vitro and possessed precise spatial delivery to HepG2 cells with the dual-targeting nanocarrier. Intriguingly, a robust anticancer response of chemo-phototherapy was achieved; chemotherapy combined with the efficacy of phototherapy to cause cellular apoptosis of HepG2 cells (>35%) and inhibit the regrowth of damaged cells. Furthermore, the theranostic nanosystem displayed fluorescence imaging in vivo, attributed to its splendid accumulation in the tumor site, and it provided exceptional tumor inhibition rate against liver cancer cells (>76%). Overall, our research presents a promising multifunctional theranostic nanoplatform for the development of synergistic therapeutics for tumors in further applications.

A comprehensive profile of TCF1+ progenitor and TCF1- terminally exhausted PD-1+CD8+ T cells in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: implications for prognosis and immunotherapy / 国际口腔科学杂志·英文版

The heterogeneity of exhausted T cells (Tex) is a critical determinant of immune checkpoint blockade therapy efficacy. However, few studies have explored exhausted T cell subpopulations in human cancers. In the present study, we examined samples from two cohorts of 175 patients with head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) by multiplex immunohistochemistry (mIHC) to investigate two subsets of Tex, CD8+PD1+TCF1+ progenitor exhausted T cells (TCF1+Texprog) and CD8+PD1+TCF1- terminally exhausted T cells (TCF1-Texterm). Moreover, fresh tumor samples from 34 patients with HNSCC were examined by flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry to further investigate their properties and cytotoxic capabilities and their correlation with regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). mIHC and flow cytometry analysis showed that TCF1-Texterm represented a greater proportion of CD8+PD1+Tex than TCF1+Texprog in most patients. TCF1+Texprog produced abundant TNFα, while TCF1-Texterm expressed higher levels of CD103, TIM-3, CTLA-4, and TIGIT. TCF1-Texterm exhibited a polyfunctional TNFα+GZMB+IFNγ+ phenotype; and were associated with better overall survival and recurrence-free survival. The results also indicated that larger proportions of TCF1-Texterm were accompanied by an increase in the proportion of Tregs. Therefore, it was concluded that TCF1-Texterm was the major CD8+PD1+Tex subset in the HNSCC TIME and that these cells favor patient survival. A high proportion of TCF1-Texterm was associated with greater Treg abundance.

Status quo of frailty and its influential factors among the community-dwelling elderly / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective:To investigate and analyze the status quo and influential factors of the elderly in the community.Methods:From July to September 2021, 543 elderly people were investigated in 9 community healthcare service centers in Hangzhou by using the Comprehensive Frailty Assessment Instrument (including four dimensions: physical, psychological, social, and environmental frailty) and the Social Support Rating Scale (including three dimensions: subjective support, objective support, and support availability). Independent sample t-test, analysis of variance, correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression were conducted to examine key determinants of frailty. Results:The total score of frailty among older adults in the community was (43.1±12.0). The results showed that the total score of social support was negatively associated with frailty of community-dwelling older adults ( r=-0.449, P<0.01); age ≥80 years old ( β=0.229, P<0.001) was positively associated with frailty; not living alone, children′s household support, children′s spiritual support, the accessibility of elderly care facilities within a 15-minute walk, and social support score were negatively associated with frailty ( β=-0.118, -0.081, -0.260, -0.155, -0.250,all P<0.05). Conclusion:The elderly in the community have a moderate degree of frailty, which affected by age, living condition, children′s support, the accessibility of elderly care facilities, and social support.

Biomimetic polyphenol-coated nanoparticles by Co-assembly of mTOR inhibitor and photosensitizer for synergistic chemo-photothermal therapy.

Rapamycin (RAPA) functions as effectively clinical immunosuppressive agent, its significant tumor growth suppression effect via various pathways in diverse cancers, especially combined with photothermal therapy, is gaining a burgeoning attention. However, its critical defects, low solubility and poor stability, have severely hampered its further application. Herein, RAPA, indocyanine green (ICG) and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) serving as chemotherapeutic drug, photosensitizer and biomimetic coatings, respectively, were co-assembled into carrier-free, high biocompatible ICG-RAPA-EGCG nanoparticles (IRE NPs) for synergistic cancer therapy. Particularly, the bioinspired EGCG coatings not only improved the stability of IRE NPs under physiological conditions to avert NPs disassembly and drug release, but also maintained the photostability of ICG to achieve excellent photothermal response. The results indicated that the as-prepared IRE NPs displayed good monodispersity and enhanced stability at various stored media after introducing of EGCG. Compared with monotherapy of RAPA or ICG, IRE NPs showed higher dose-dependent toxicity in MCF-7 cells, HepG2 cells and HeLa cells, especially plus near-infrared laser irradiation. Furthermore, IRE NPs exhibited quicker uptake in cells, higher accumulation in tumor region (even in 48 h) than free ICG and effectively inhibited tumor growth without side effect in H22 tumor-bearing mice. Collectively, the carrier-free IRE NPs provided a simply alternative approach to fabricate RAPA/photosensitizer co-loaded nanoparticles for combinatorial tumor therapy.

Biomimetic nanoparticles: U937 cell membranes based core-shell nanosystems for targeted atherosclerosis therapy.

Atherosclerosis (AS), with its intricate pathogenesis, is primarily responsible for the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases. Although drug development has made some achievements in AS therapy, limited targeting ability and rapid blood clearance remain great challenges for achieving superior clinical outcomes. Herein, ginsenoside (Re)- and catalase (CAT)-coloaded porous poly(lactic-coglycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared and then surface modified with U937 cell membranes (UCMs) to yield a dual targeted model and multimechanism treatment biomimetic nanosystem (Cat/Re@PLGA@UCM). The nanoparticles consisted of a core-shell spherical morphology with a favorable size of 112.7 ± 0.4 nm. Furthermore, UCM assisted the nanosystem in escaping macrophage phagocytosis and targeting atherosclerotic plaques. Meanwhile, loading with catalase might not only exhibit favorable antioxidant effects but also enable H2O2-responsive drug release ability. The Cat/Re@PLGA@UCM NPs also exhibited outstanding ROS scavenging properties, downregulating ICAM-1, TNF-α and IL-1ß, while preventing angiogenesis to attenuate the progression of AS. Moreover, the nanodrugs displayed 2.7-fold greater efficiency in reducing the atherosclerotic area in ApoE-/- mouse models compared to free Re. Our nanoformulation also displayed excellent biosafety in response to long-term administration. Overall, our study demonstrated the superiority of UCM-coated stimuli-responsive nanodrugs for effective and safe AS therapy.

Accelerating transdermal delivery of insulin by ginsenoside nanoparticles with unique permeability.

Diabetes is a metabolic disease caused by insufficient insulin secretion, action or resistance, in which insulin plays an irreplaceable role in the its treatment. However, traditional administration of insulin requires continuous subcutaneous injections, which is accompanied by inevitable pain, local tissue necrosis and hypoglycemia. Herein, a green and safe nanoformulation with unique permeability composed of insulin and ginsenosides is developed for transdermal delivery to reduce above-mentioned side effects. The ginsenosides are self-assembled to form shells to protect insulin from hydrolysis and improve the stability of nanoparticles. The nanoparticles can temporarily permeate into cells in 5 min and promptly excrete from the cell for deeper penetration. The insulin permeation is related to the disorder of stratum corneum lipids caused by ginsenosides. The skin acting as drug depot mantains the nanoparticles released continuously, therefore the body keeps euglycemic for 48 h. Encouraged by its long-lasting and effective transdermal therapy, ginsenosides-based nano-system is expected to deliver other less permeable drugs like proteins and peptides and benefit those who are with chronic diseases that need long-term medication.

The Significance of CD319 and CD269 in the Detection of Immunophenotyping and Minimal Residual Disease in Multiple Myeloma Patients / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the expression of CD319 and CD269 in plasma cells of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and the feasibility of using CD319 instead of CD38 as a gating antigen in immunophenotyping and minimal residual disease (MRD) monitoring.@*METHODS@#The expression levels of CD319 and CD269 antigens in clonal bone marrow plasma cells of 387 patients were detected by CD38/CD138 gating strategy with 8-color flow cytometry, and the stability of antigens was also analyzed, and the sensitivity and correlation of two different gating strategies employing CD319/CD138 and CD38/CD138 were compared as well. The control group consisted of 53 cases with non-malignant blood disease matched by age and sex.@*RESULTS@#Monoclonal plasma cells were detected in 303 of 387 MM patients, among which 277 cases (91.42%) were positive for CD269, and all cases were positive for CD319 (100%). In newly diagnosed MM (NDMM) and recurrent refractory MM (RRMM) patients, the expression levels of CD269 were 97.53% (0-99.92%) and 94.96% (0.22%-99.99%), respectively, while levels of CD319 were 99.90% (87.77%-100%) and 99.78% (63.12%-100%), respectively. The expression levels of CD269 and CD319 in the control group were 97.00% (77.00%-100%) and 100% (89.00%-100%), respectively. There were no significant differences in the expression levels of CD269 and CD319 among NDMM, RRMM and the control group. Patients acquiring therapeutic effects were divided into complete remission (CR) group, very good partial response (VGPR) group and partial response (PR) group. Gating with CD38/CD138, median MRD values were 0.76% (0-1.88%), 0.77% (0-4.96%) and 1.75% (0.09%-10.90%) in the three groups, respectively, while gating with CD319/CD138, median MRD values were 0.57% (0.18%-1.96%), 1.07% (0.12%-4.85%) and 1.77% (0.08%-8.22%), respectively. There was no significant difference in MRD level by the two gating strategies, but a good correlation between the two (r=0.808, P<0.05). In addition, in 4 patients treated by CD38 monoclonal antibody (DARA), the expression level of CD38 was observed to be down-regulated or even negative after treatment. When the MRD level was very low, CD38/CD138 gating resulted in false MRD@*CONCLUSION@#CD319 and CD269 express stably and continuously in plasma cells of MM patients at different disease stages. CD319 can be used as an alternative of CD38 for immunophenotyping and MRD detection, especially for MRD detection after DARA treatment, while CD269 is suitable for detection before BCMA-CAR-T treatment.

[Effect of anatomical parameters of maxillary sinus on the outcomes of transcrestal sinus lift].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of three anatomical parameters (maxillary sinus width, maxillary sinus angle, and residual bone height) on the outcomes of transcrestal sinus lift with simultaneous implant placement. METHODS: A total of 60 maxillary sinuses in 42 patients were included in this study. All patients were treated with transcrestal sinus lift procedure associated with simultaneous implant placement using a composite graft material of autogenous bone and Bio-Oss. For each patient, beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were performed preoperatively, immediately after surgery, and 6 months after surgery. The parameters were measured on the preoperative and postoperative CBCT images. The correlation of three anatomical parameters with graft resorption was analyzed using Pearson's correlation test. RESULTS: The average residual bone height was (4.46±1.55) mm. The average width of maxillary sinus was (13.86±2.71) mm. The average sinus angle was 78.09°±10.27°. A significant positive correlation was observed between maxillary sinus width and graft resorption (P<0.01). A positive association was also found between sinus angle and graft resorption (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The findings show that graft bone resorption in elevated sinus has a positive correlation with the sinus width and sinus angle.

miR-221-3p and miR-222-3p downregulation promoted osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchyme stem cells through IGF-1/ERK pathway under high glucose condition.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the roles of miR-221-3p and miR-222-3p in the regulation of osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchyme stem cells (BMSCs) under high glucose condition. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The expreesions of miR-221-3p, miR-222-3p and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) were detected by qRT-PCR. The protein levels of osteoblast-related proteins (Osterix, Runx-2 and Osteopontin) were detected by western blot. Whether miR-221-3p and miR-222-3p can target IGF-1 was assessed by dual luciferase reporter gene assay. RESULTS: miR-221-3p and miR-222-3p were up-regulated in the mandibles of diabetic rats and BMSCs cultured in high glucose condition. Silencing miR-221-3p or/ and miR-222-3p increased ALP activity and up-regulated osteoblast-related protein levels, and the simultaneous silence the two miRNAs showed stronger effects on ALP activity and osteoblast-related protein levels. Next, we confirmed that miR-221-3p and miR-222-3p both targeted IGF-1 and cooperatively regulated its expression. Besides, miR-221-3p and miR-222-3p regulated ERK activation through IGF-1. Silencing miR-221-3p and miR-222-3p promoted osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs through IGF-1 under high glucose condition. CONCLUSION: miR-221-3p and miR-222-3p inhibited osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs via IGF-1/ERK pathway under high glucose condition.

Improving the Stability of Liposomal Curcumin by Adjusting the Inner Aqueous Chamber pH of Liposomes.

Curcumin (CURC) is a hydrophobic molecule and its water solubility can be greatly improved by liposome encapsulation. However, investigations on the stability of pH-sensitive molecules incorporated into liposomal membranes are limited. In this study, CURC-loaded liposomes with varied internal pH values (pH 2.5, 5.0, or 7.4) were prepared and designated as CURC-LP (pH 2.5), CURC-LP (pH 5.0), and CURC-LP (pH 7.4). Physical properties including particle size, ζ-potential, morphology, entrapment efficiency, and physical stabilities of these CURC-LPs were assessed. In addition, the chemical stability of liposomal CURC to different external physiological environments and internal microenvironmental pH levels were investigated. We found that among these CURC-LPs, CURU-LP (pH 2.5) has the highest entrapment efficiency (73.7%), the best physical stabilities, and the slowest release rate in vitro. Liposomal CURC remains more stable in an acid external environment. In the physiological environment, the chemical stability of liposomal CURC is microenvironmental pH-dependent. In conclusion, we prove that the stability of liposomal CURC is external physiological environment- and internal microenvironmental pH-dependent. These findings suggest that creating an acidic microenvironment in the internal chamber of liposomes is beneficial to the stability of liposomal CURC, as well as for other pH-sensitive molecules.

A study to evaluate herb-drug interaction underlying mechanisms: An investigation of ginsenosides attenuating the effect of warfarin on cardiovascular diseases.

Warfarin and ginseng have been widely used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. However, the clinical safety and effectiveness of herb-drug combination treatment are still controversial. Therefore, it is very essential to probe the interaction between warfarin and ginseng. In this study, in vitro and in vivo study was carried out to demonstrate that whether there is an interaction between warfarin and ginsenosides (GS), which is the main component of ginseng. In vitro study showed that the adhesion ability between endothelial cells and matrigel/platelets was enhanced due to the up-regulating expression of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1) proteins by treatment of warfarin+GS combination compared to warfarin/GS treatment alone. Moreover, GS could weaken the anticoagulation effect of warfarin in hyperlipemia rats owning to the increased expression levels of coagulation factors and hepatic cytochrome P450 enzymes in plasma after long-term co-administration of warfarin with GS. The results of both in vitro and in vivo study demonstrated that there is a serious interaction between warfarin and ginseng, which may deteriorate atherosclerosis and thrombosis after combined use of warfarin and GS.

Observation on therapeutic efficacy of heat-sensitive moxibustion plus Western medicine for diabetic peripheral neuropathy / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of heat-sensitive moxibustion plus Western medicine in treating patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Methods: A total of 70 patients with DPN were divided into an observation group and a control group by sealed envelope method combined with the random number table method, with 35 cases in each group. The control group was treated with routine medicine, and the observation group was treated with heat-sensitive moxibustion on the basis of the treatment in the control group. After 2 courses of treatment, the scores of Toronto clinical scoring system (TCSS) and vibration perception threshold (VPT) in both groups were observed, and the clinical efficacy was compared. Results: During treatment, 3 cases dropped out in the control group and 4 cases in the observation group. After treatment, the total effective rate in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). The scores of TCSS and VPT in both groups decreased after treatment, and the intra-group comparison showed statistical significance (both P<0.05). The scores of TCSS and VPT in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (both P<0.05). Conclusion: Heat-sensitive moxibustion plus Western medicine can improve the symptoms in patients with DPN, and has a better curative effect than the Western medicine alone.

Prognostic value of tertiary lymphoid structure and tumour infiltrating lymphocytes in oral squamous cell carcinoma / 国际口腔科学杂志·英文版

Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) are ectopic lymphoid structures in cancers that are largely associated with favourable prognosis. However, the prognostic value of TLSs in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is largely unknown, and the association between tumour infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and TLSs has been rarely explored in OSCC. In this study, associated markers of TLS, including peripheral node address (PNAd) in high endothelial venules, CD20 in B cells and CD3 in T cells, were examined in 168 OSCC patients, and survival analysis was performed between TLS-positive and TLS-negative cohorts. We detected the presence of TILs by staining CD8+ cytotoxic T cells and CD57+ NK cells as well. TLSs appeared as highly organized structures in 45 (26.8%) cases. TLS-positive patients had a better 5-year overall survival (OS) rate (88.9% vs. 56.1%, P < 0.001) and relapse-free survival (RFS) rate (88.9% vs. 63.4%, P = 0.002). Moreover, the presence of TLS was an independent prognostic factor for both the 5-year OS rate (hazard ratio [HR] = 3.784; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.498-9.562) and RFS rate (HR = 3.296; 95% CI, 1.279-8.490) in multivariate analysis. Furthermore, a higher density of CD8+ T cells and CD57+ NK cells was found in TLS-positive sections than in TLS-negative counterparts (P < 0.001), and their combination provided a higher predictive accuracy (AUC = 0.730; 95% CI, 0.654-0.805). In conclusion, our results suggest that TLS is an independent positive prognostic factor for OSCC patients. These findings provide a theoretical basis for the future diagnostic and therapeutic value of TLSs in OSCC treatment.

Research advance of ANRIL on atherosclerosis by regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis / 浙江大学学报·医学版

Atherosclerosis is an important pathological basis for coronary artery disease. ANRIL is an antisense non-coding RNA located in Chr9p21 locus, which was identified as the most significant risk locus associated with atherosclerosis. ANRIL can produce multiple transcripts including linear and circular transcripts after various transcript splicing. It has been illustrated that ANRIL plays important roles in the pathology of atherosclerosis by regulating the proliferation and apoptosis of vascular cells. Linear ANRIL can regulate the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in plaques by chromatin modification, as well as influence the proliferation and the apoptosis of macrophages in post transcription; circular ANRIL can affect the proliferation and apoptosis of VSMCs by chromatin modification as well as interfering with rRNA maturation. In this review, we describe the ANRIL evolution, different transcripts characteristics, and their roles in the proliferation and apoptosis of vascular cells to participate in the process of atherosclerosis, for further understanding the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and finding potential targets for diagnosis and treatment of atherosclerosis.

Effect of anatomical parameters of maxillary sinus on the outcomes of transcrestal sinus lift / 华西口腔医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of three anatomical parameters (maxillary sinus width, maxillary sinus angle, and residual bone height) on the outcomes of transcrestal sinus lift with simultaneous implant placement.@*METHODS@#A total of 60 maxillary sinuses in 42 patients were included in this study. All patients were treated with transcrestal sinus lift procedure associated with simultaneous implant placement using a composite graft material of autogenous bone and Bio-Oss. For each patient, beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were performed preoperatively, immediately after surgery, and 6 months after surgery. The parameters were measured on the preoperative and postoperative CBCT images. The correlation of three anatomical parameters with graft resorption was analyzed using Pearson's correlation test.@*RESULTS@#The average residual bone height was (4.46±1.55) mm. The average width of maxillary sinus was (13.86±2.71) mm. The average sinus angle was 78.09°±10.27°. A significant positive correlation was observed between maxillary sinus width and graft resorption (P<0.01). A positive association was also found between sinus angle and graft resorption (P<0.01).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The findings show that graft bone resorption in elevated sinus has a positive correlation with the sinus width and sinus angle.

Rosiglitazone promotes phosphorylation of AMPK protein and improves insulin resistance in db/db mice / 上海预防医学

Objective To observe the effect of rosiglitazone on the protein expression of AMPK and GLUT4 in peripheral tissue (liver, skeletal muscle and fat) of type 2 diabetic db/db mice and to prove that rosiglitazone can regulate the glucose metabolism in db/db mice partly through the AMPK pathway. Methods db/db mice were randomly divided into model group and rosiglitazone group according to their blood glucose.The db/m mice were normal control group.After 4 weeks of administration, fasting blood glucose was detected in each group.Western blot was used to detect the contents of AMPK, p-AMPK and GLUT4 in liver, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. Results (1) Rosiglitazone significantly reduced the fasting blood glucose of db/db mice; (2)Rosiglitazone increased the level of AMPK phosphorylation in the liver, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue of db/db mice, and increased the content of GLUT4 protein in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. Conclusion Rosiglitazone can increase the phosphorylation of AMPK and the expression of GLUT4 protein in the liver, muscle and fat tissue of db/db mice, and promote the uptake and utilization of glucose in peripheral tissue, suggesting that it can regulate glucose metabolism in db/db mice partly through the AMPK pathway.