RESUMEN
The new allele, A*24:313, showed one nucleotide difference with A*24:02:01 (595G>A).
Asunto(s)
Alelos , Antígeno HLA-A24/genética , HumanosRESUMEN
The HLA-C*15:02:01:03 allele differs from the HLA-C*15:02:01:01 allele by a single-nucleotide substitution in the 5' untranslated region (-42 C>A).
Asunto(s)
Alelos , Antígenos HLA-C/genética , Leucemia/genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple , Secuencia de Bases , Exones , Femenino , Genotipo , Trasplante de Células Madre Hematopoyéticas , Prueba de Histocompatibilidad , Humanos , Leucemia/diagnóstico , Leucemia/terapia , Masculino , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , República de Corea , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN , Donantes de Tejidos , Receptores de TrasplantesRESUMEN
The new allele, DRB1*04:10:03, showed one nucleotide difference with DRB1*04:10:01 (705C>T).
Asunto(s)
Alelos , Cadenas HLA-DRB1/genética , Secuencia de Bases , Exones/genética , Humanos , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Alineación de SecuenciaRESUMEN
Because Korean society is fast becoming multi-ethnic, the determination of ambiguous human leukocyte antigen (HLA) types using HLA allele frequencies is becoming less applicable. In this study, we focused on the development of new technical methods to directly resolve the ambiguities arising from HLA genotyping. One hundred and fifty unrelated healthy Korean adults were included in this study. All alleles from each HLA locus were first divided into 2-4 groups, with each group amplified in a single PCR tube (multi-group-specific amplification, MGSA). To resolve phase ambiguities, some allele groups were also amplified separately in small group-specific amplification (SGSA) tubes. In order to then resolve incomplete sequence ambiguities, primers for MGSA and SGSA were initially designed to cover additional exons. If needed, a heterozygous ambiguity resolving primer (HARP) or sequence specific primer (SSP) was also used. When MGSA and SGSA methods were applied, the rate of phase ambiguity was greatly reduced to an average of 6% (1.3% in HLA-A, 15.7% in -B, and 2.0% in -C). Additional HARP and SSP methods could resolve all the phase ambiguities. Using our proposed method, we also detected three alleles that have not been previously reported in Korea, C*04:82, C*07:18, and C*08:22, and report 6-digit level HLA allele and haplotype frequencies among Koreans. In conclusion, the use of MGSA/SGSA for the initial amplification step is a cost-effective method facilitating timely and accurate reporting, given the continuing increase in the ethnic diversity of the Korean population. The MGSA described here can be applicable to various populations and thus could be shared by the majority of HLA typing laboratories. However, efforts to solve HLA ambiguity should continue, because SGSA, HARPs and SSPs would be specific to a particular population.
Asunto(s)
Pueblo Asiatico/genética , Dermatoglifia del ADN/métodos , Antígenos HLA/genética , Prueba de Histocompatibilidad/métodos , Adulto , Estudios de Cohortes , Cartilla de ADN/genética , Frecuencia de los Genes , Genotipo , Haplotipos , Humanos , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Polimorfismo Genético , República de CoreaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Graft-recipient weight ratio (GRWR) is the only documented predictor that influences the lactate elimination after reperfusion in living-donor liver transplantation (LDLT). This study was performed to investigate the predictors of lactate elimination after reperfusion in recipients of adult LDLT. METHODS: The medical records of 159 patients who underwent LDLT were analyzed. Lactate level (mmol/L) was measured from just before the initiation of surgery (P0) and 5, 60, and 120 minutes after reperfusion of graft (R0, R1, and R2, respectively). The change of lactate level after reperfusion was defined as difference between lactate level measured at R0 and R2. Patients were divided into accumulation and elimination groups. Donor and recipient factors were compared between the 2 groups. RESULTS: Lactate accumulation occurred in 80 of 159 recipients (50.3%), and elimination occurred in 79 (49.7%). GRWR and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score were higher in the elimination group. Lactate at R0 was lower in the elimination group. CONCLUSIONS: Higher GRWR and MELD score and lower lactate level immediate after reperfusion of graft were predictors of lactate elimination after reperfusion during adult LDLT.
Asunto(s)
Lactatos/metabolismo , Trasplante de Hígado , Donadores Vivos , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
The new allele B*40:02:18 showed one nucleotide difference with B*40:02:01 at codon 111 (CGC/CGT).
Asunto(s)
Genes MHC Clase I , Antígenos HLA-B/genética , Alelos , Secuencia de Bases , Genotipo , Humanos , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , República de Corea , Alineación de Secuencia , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN , Homología de Secuencia de Ácido NucleicoAsunto(s)
Alelos , Exones , Antígenos HLA-A/genética , Mutación Puntual , Secuencia de Bases , Trasplante de Médula Ósea , Antígenos HLA-A/inmunología , Prueba de Histocompatibilidad , Humanos , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Alineación de Secuencia , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN , Donantes de TejidosRESUMEN
The new allele A*02:465 showed one nucleotide difference with A*02:06:01 (172G>A).
Asunto(s)
Alelos , Bases de Datos de Ácidos Nucleicos , Antígeno HLA-A2/genética , Adulto , Secuencia de Bases , Humanos , Corea (Geográfico) , Masculino , Datos de Secuencia MolecularRESUMEN
The sequence of the C*03:02:02:03 differs from that of C*03:02:02:01 by one nucleotide substitution in the 5' UTR at position -57 (C>A).
Asunto(s)
Antígenos HLA-C/genética , Prueba de Histocompatibilidad , Regiones no Traducidas 5'/genética , Secuencia de Bases , Clonación Molecular , Frecuencia de los Genes , Genoma , Genotipo , Humanos , Corea (Geográfico) , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Alineación de SecuenciaRESUMEN
The new allele B*35:01:25 showed a single nucleotide substitution compared with B*35:01:01 at codon 238 (GAT/GAC).
Asunto(s)
Pueblo Asiatico , Antígenos HLA-B/genética , Alelos , Secuencia de Bases , Codón , Humanos , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Análisis de Secuencia de ADNRESUMEN
The new allele DRB1*13:99 showed one nucleotide difference with DRB1*13:02:01 at codon 51 (ACG/AAG).
Asunto(s)
Alelos , Codón/genética , Antígenos HLA-DR , Cadenas HLA-DRB1 , HumanosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Propofol is known to protect the myocardium against ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) are involved in cell migration and invasion, and mediate tissue remodelling during I/R injury. They are regulated by various mechanisms including oxidative stress and AKT and ERK pathways. We investigated whether propofol affected the expression of MMPs and subsequent cell migration and invasion and the signalling pathways involved in primary rat cardiac fibroblasts undergoing hypoxia and reoxygenation. METHODS: The phosphorylation of ERK and AKT signalling pathways was examined by western blot analysis in rat primary cardiac fibroblasts after hypoxia and reoxygenation. mRNA expression of MMP and TIMPS was analysed by real-time PCR, and proteolytic activities of MMP-2 and -9 were assessed. The effects of propofol on migration, invasion, wound healing, and cell proliferation activity were evaluated after reoxygenation. RESULTS: Propofol induced AKT and ERK1/2 activation. Subsequent activation of MMPs resulted in increased cell migration, invasion, and wound-healing activity under hypoxia-reoxygenation, which was decreased by LY294002 (AKT inhibitor) and U0126 (ERK inhibitor) in rat cardiac fibroblasts. However, propofol had no effect on proliferation or viability of cardiac fibroblasts after hypoxia-reoxygenation. CONCLUSIONS: Propofol affected the expression of MMPs and TIMPs and subsequently induced cell migration and invasive ability, through activation of the ERK and AKT signalling pathway in hypoxia-reoxygenated rat cardiac fibroblasts.
Asunto(s)
Anestésicos Intravenosos/farmacología , Hipoxia de la Célula , Metaloproteinasas de la Matriz/efectos de los fármacos , Daño por Reperfusión Miocárdica/enzimología , Propofol/farmacología , Animales , Cardiotónicos/farmacología , Hipoxia de la Célula/fisiología , Movimiento Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Células Cultivadas , Quinasas MAP Reguladas por Señal Extracelular/efectos de los fármacos , Quinasas MAP Reguladas por Señal Extracelular/metabolismo , Fibroblastos/efectos de los fármacos , Fibroblastos/enzimología , Regulación Enzimológica de la Expresión Génica/efectos de los fármacos , Metaloproteinasas de la Matriz/biosíntesis , Metaloproteinasas de la Matriz/genética , Daño por Reperfusión Miocárdica/patología , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-akt/efectos de los fármacos , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-akt/metabolismo , ARN Mensajero/genética , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacos , Inhibidores Tisulares de Metaloproteinasas/biosíntesis , Inhibidores Tisulares de Metaloproteinasas/efectos de los fármacos , Inhibidores Tisulares de Metaloproteinasas/genéticaRESUMEN
The aim of this study was to determine whether there are differences in esthetic preferences and orthognathic treatment for Asian patients between US- and Asian-trained surgeons. Twenty-five Caucasian-American, 23 Asian-American, 24 Asian oral and maxillofacial surgeons (OMFS) completed an Institutional Review Board (IRB)-approved survey. They were asked to rate seven Asian male and female profiles from most attractive to least attractive and to choose maxillary advancement, mandibular setback, or no treatment for an Asian male and female patient with a maxillomandibular discrepancy. There was no statistical difference for the most and least attractive rankings among the OMFS. Variations in ranking for intermediate profiles showed a statistical difference between the Asian- and US-trained OMFS. These intermediate profile rankings appeared to explain the differences in surgical treatment. Treatment recommendations for the Asian male among the OMFS, regardless of ethnicity, preferred maxillary advancement. For the Asian female, all Asian-trained OMFS preferred mandibular setback, while nearly 40% of US-trained OMFS preferred maxillary advancement (p=0.003). Differences in surgical management of the Asian patient were dependent on whether the surgeon trained in the US or in Asia and the gender of the patient. There was concordance between the Asian-American and Caucasian-American surgeons.
Asunto(s)
Pueblo Asiatico , Actitud del Personal de Salud , Estética Dental , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Ortognáticos , Cirugía Bucal , Adulto , Asia , Asiático/psicología , Pueblo Asiatico/psicología , Cefalometría , Mentón/anatomía & histología , Cultura , Cara/anatomía & histología , Femenino , Humanos , Lenguaje , Labio/anatomía & histología , Masculino , Maloclusión/cirugía , Mandíbula/cirugía , Maxilar/cirugía , Persona de Mediana Edad , Factores Sexuales , Cirugía Bucal/educación , Estados Unidos , Población Blanca/psicologíaRESUMEN
New allele A*31:34 showed one nucleotide difference with A*31:01:02 at codon 166 (GAG/CAG).
Asunto(s)
Alelos , Antígenos HLA-A/genética , Prueba de Histocompatibilidad , Genotipo , Humanos , Análisis de Secuencia de ADNRESUMEN
The new allele B*39:60 showed one nucleotide difference with B*39:01:01 at codon 152 (GTG/GCG).
Asunto(s)
Variación Genética/genética , Antígenos HLA-B/genética , Humanos , Reacción en Cadena de la PolimerasaRESUMEN
Polypeptide ligands have long been recognized as primary signaling molecules in diverse physiological processes in animal systems. Recent studies in plants have provided major breakthroughs with the discovery that small polypeptides are also involved in many plant biological processes, indicating that the use of polypeptides as signaling molecules in cell-to-cell communication is evolutionarily conserved. The CLAVATA3 (CLV3)/ENDOSPERM SURROUNDING REGION (ESR)-related (CLE) proteins are currently the best understood family of small polypeptides in plants. The recent isolation of MCLV3 from Arabidopsis and TDIF from a Zinnia cell culture system indicates that biologically active CLE polypeptides are produced by post-translational proteolysis and modification, similar to peptide hormone production in animals and yeast. Here, we review exciting discoveries involving the identification of the CLE proteins and their functions in various aspects of plant development, including restriction of stem cell accumulation by CLV3 and inhibition of xylem differentiation by TDIF.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas de Arabidopsis/fisiología , Arabidopsis/crecimiento & desarrollo , Transducción de Señal , Regulación de la Expresión Génica de las Plantas/fisiologíaRESUMEN
Thermal denaturation can induce marked changes in the optical and mechanical properties of collagenous tissues. The optical properties are important in both therapeutic and diagnostic applications of lasers in medicine. Although mechanical stress can be caused by collagen shrinkage in laser-based therapies, how the mechanical loading state affects the optical properties is not well understood. We used a new computer-controlled biaxial testing system to subject bovine epicardium to various loading conditions both before and after multiple levels of thermal damage. An integrating sphere technique was used to measure transmittance and diffuse reflectance, from which absorption and scattering coefficients were calculated using a Monte Carlo method. Results showed that the scattering coefficient increased with increasing mechanical load but decreased as the degree of thermal damage increased. There was no significant change in the absorption coefficient due to thermal damage over the ranges studied.
Asunto(s)
Quemaduras/fisiopatología , Técnicas de Cultivo/métodos , Calor/efectos adversos , Pericardio/fisiopatología , Pericardio/efectos de la radiación , Fotometría/instrumentación , Tomografía de Coherencia Óptica/métodos , Animales , Quemaduras/etiología , Tejido Conectivo/lesiones , Tejido Conectivo/fisiopatología , Tejido Conectivo/efectos de la radiación , Técnicas de Cultivo/instrumentación , Relación Dosis-Respuesta en la Radiación , Elasticidad , Falla de Equipo , Pericardio/lesiones , Fotometría/métodos , Porcinos , TemperaturaRESUMEN
Various lines of evidence indicate that methamphetamine (METH) self-administration in rats is under dopaminergic control, and NMDA receptors have been shown to control the release of dopamine at its synapse. Consequently, the aim of this study was to observe the effects of dextromethorphan (DM), a non-competitive NMDA antagonist, in rats self-administering METH. The hypothesis was that acute pretreatment of DM (25 mg/kg) would alter response to METH. DM significantly altered self-administration by reducing the number of correct responses for three METH self-administration doses (0.05, 0.1, 0.25 mg/kg). The same pretreatment did not affect responding for food reward. These findings show that the DM was able to selectively alter METH self-administration.