[THE IDENTIFICATION AND DIFFERENTIATION OF BACTERIOPHAGES OF HUMAN PATHOGENIC VIBRIO].

The issue of identification and differentiation of large group of bacteriophages of human pathogenic vibrio is still unresolved. In research and practical applied purposes it is important to consider characteristics of bacteriophages for establishing similarity and differences between them. The actual study was carried out to analyze specimens of DNA-containing bacteriophages of pathogenic vibrio. The overwhelming majority of them characterized by complicated type of symmetry--phages with double-helical DNA and also phages with mono-helical DNA structure discovered recently in vibrio. For the first time, the general framework of identification and differentiation of bacteriophages of pathogenic vibrio was developed. This achievement increases possibility to establish species assignment of phages and to compare with phages registered in the database. "The collection of bacteriophages and test-strains of human pathogenic vibrio" (No2010620549 of 24.09.210).

[The bacteriophages Yersinia pseudotuberculosis: the detection in strains of different O-serovars and their identification].

The sample included five indicator pseudotuberculosis strains. The application of these strains permitted to isolate out of 161 strains of Y. pseudotuberculosis 9 bacteriophages identical by their morphologic and serologic characteristics but having individual particularities in their lytic activity. The test on sensitivity to bacteriophages can be used in laboratory diagnostic to differentiate the strains of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis.

[Identification of Vibrio mimicus bacteriophages].

Lysogeny was studied in Vibrio mimicus; the indicator V. cholerae El Tor strain was selected to identify phages. New V. mimicus phages were obtained and identified, which had a morphological similarity and an antigen affinity for morphological group I cholerae phages. Phage differentiation revealed that morphological group I V. mimicus phages showed certain differences manifested as their lytic activity against V. cholerae strain 1322-69 of serovar 37 while this property was absent in cholerae phages.

[Yersinia enterocolitica bacteriophages: detection and identification].

Five indicator strains of Yersinia enterocolitica 01, 03, 05, 012 serovars were selected, which were used to isolate 7 bacteriophages from 227 Y. enterocolitica strains and 2 bacteriophages from wastewater samples. The specificity of the antigenic composition (3 serovars) and the morphology of phage particles (3 morphological groups) were employed to identify bacteriophages; there were differences in the range of lytic activity and resistance to physical and chemical agents. The specific bacteriophage-susceptibility test showed it possible to differentiate Y. enterocolitica strains.

[Dynamics of the isolation and biological properties of Vibrio cholerae cultures, serogroups 01 and 0139, isolated from water reservoirs and sewage water on the territory of the city of Rostov-on-Don]. / Dinamika vydeleniia i biologicheskie svoistva kul'tur kholernykh vibrionov 01 i 0139 serogrupp, vydelennykh iz poverkhnostnykh vodoemov i stochnykh vod na territorii g. Rostov-na-Donu.

The dynamics of the isolation of V. cholerae cultures from various water objects on the territory of Rostov-on-Don during the period of 1994-2001 was analyzed and biological properties of 14 such cultures were studied. In the absence of epidemic complications during the above-mentioned period, a growth in the amount of V. cholerae isolates, serogroups 01 and 0139, including toxigenic V. cholerae 01, was registered. The microbiological and epidemiological aspects of the monitoring of surface reservoirs and sewage were considered and the expediency of the profound and systematic study of its results for epidemiological surveillance on cholera was emphasized.

[Indicator strains of cholera vibrions for detection and primary identification of cholera phages]. / Indikatornye shtammy kholernykh vibrionov dlia obnaruzheniia i pervichnoi identifikatsii kholernykh fagov.

A set of test-strains is suggested; it comprises V. eltor P-13169 and V. cholerae 163-0139 designed for the primary identification of unknown previously choleraic bacteriophages.

[Characterization of Vibrio cholerae eltor in the city of Kazan in 2001]. / Kharakteristika kholernykh vibrionov él'tor, vydelennykh v g. Kazan' v 2001 g.

Information on V. cholerae eltor isolated in the focus of cholera in Kazan in 2001 at different periods of the outbreak is presented. The identity of strains isolated from patients, vibriocarriers and environmental objects, including their antibioticograms (sensitivity to cyprofloxacin and resistance to trimethoprim--sulfamethoxazole, streptomycin, furazolidone and nalidixic acid, which may be regarded as markers), is shown. Variable tandem repetitions in the DNA of 30 isolates strains of different origin have been determined. The results of this determination make it possible to classify all these strains as one genotype, which confirms the suggestion on the circulation of one subclone of the infective agent of cholera in the focus. As revealed in this investigation, the isolated strains are labile with respect to diagnostic phage eltor, while ctx+ strains are resistant to phage eltor ctx+.

[Studies on halophilic vibrios causing a food poisoning outbreak in the city of Vladivostok]. / Galofil'nye vibriony, obuslovivshie vspyshku pishchevoi toksikoinfektsii vo Vladivostoke.

V. parahaemolyticus and V. alginolyticus strains isolated from patients during an outbreak of an acute enteric disease in Vladivostok in 1997 were studied. All strains were found to possess typical taxonomic signs. V. parahaemolyticus isolated from humans had direct heat stable haemolysin exotoxin. The overwhelming majority of these strains belonged to serovar O3K6. Among the cultures under study 7 phage types were determined: phage types 1, 2, 7, 10 in 8 V. parahaemolyticus strains and phage types 2, 4. 5. 7 in 5 V. alginolyticus strains. The diagnostic halophilic phage lyzed vibrios in 30.2% of strains. The cultures under study were found to be highly sensitive to chloramphenicol, cefotaxime, nalidixic acid and cyprofloxacin. The study proved that the outbreak of alimentary toxicoinfection was caused by vibrios of serogroup O3:K6.

[Vibrio cholerae O139 bacteriophages]. / Bakteriofagi Vibrio cholerae O139.

Cholera bacteriophages have been isolated from 27 lysogenic cultures of V. cholerae O139. As shown the pages under study belong to two morphological groups A1 and F1 and serological types II and XII. The use of prophage typing and the sensitivity test to specific phage made it possible to differentiate V. cholerae strains, serogroup O139.

[Cryostabilization of biological properties of plague phages]. / Kriostabilizatsiia biologicheskikh svoistv chumnykh fagov.

Conditions of cryostabilization of Yersinia pestis phages preserving their biological properties at very low temperature are studied.

[Phagovars of halophilic vibrios]. / Fagovary galofil'nykh vibrionov.

The results of the phage typing of 164 halophilic vibrios revealed the most frequent combinations of lysing monophages, denoted by numbers: 1 (A, B, C, D), 2 (B, C, D), 3 (B, C) and 4 (C). In accordance with the proposed scheme, the phage typing of 398 cultures from different ecosystems was carried out. Phagovar was determined in 77.1% of the cultures. Most frequently occurred phagovars 1 (31.9%), 4 (15.8%), 3 (6%), and 2 (3.7%). Their proportion was 61%. 11 other phage combination causing the lysis of the cultures constituted 16.1%; 22.9% of the cultures could not be types. The use of the proposed scheme of phage typing permitted the determination of the temporal, regional, ecosystemic features of the circulation of halophilic vibrios in different ecosystems and regions, which was important for epidemiological analysis.