Effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy on the salivary levels of omentin-1, a novel adipokine biomarker in periodontitis: A clinico-biochemical study.

BACKGROUND: Biomarkers are emerging, advanced diagnostic tools for the assessment of periodontal disease progression. Omentin-1 is an anti-inflammatory adipocytokine, which has been observed and studied in the saliva of periodontitis patients. Non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) is considered a vital part of periodontal disease treatment. OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to evaluate the interventional effect of NSPT on the levels of salivary omentin1 in healthy (H) and chronic periodontitis (CP) patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 60 participants were selected and equally divided into 2 groups (group A: H participants, group B: CP patients). After obtaining verbal and written consent, whole unstimulated saliva was collected from all participants and analyzed for omentin-1 levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: Mean salivary omentin-1 levels were elevated and found to be significantly higher in group A (95.80 ±26.65) compared to group B (61.97 ±24.53). In group B, there was a substantial rise in omentin1 levels from baseline to the 6th week of follow-up (p < 0.001). Thus, NSPT had a positive influence on salivary omentin-1 levels in the treatment group. CONCLUSIONS: Salivary omentin-1 levels may serve as diagnostic and prognostic indicators of periodontal disease progression, and may be used to assess therapeutic outcomes in periodontitis patients.

Toll-like receptor 9 gene polymorphism in chronic and aggressive periodontitis patients.

AIM: Periodontitis is a multifactorial disease, with microbial dental plaque as the primary etiological factor. However, the manifestation and progression of periodontitis is influenced by a wide variety of other determinants and factors such as social and behavioral factors, systemic factors, microbial composition of dental plaque, genetic, and many other emerging risk factors. The aim of this study was to analyze genetic polymorphisms in the toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) gene at - 1237C/T and its association with chronic and generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP) in an Indian population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was carried out on 90 subjects, which included 30 GAgP and 30 chronic periodontitis patients and 30 healthy controls. Within the limitations of our study, only 30 subjects were included in each group due to the low prevalence of GAgP patients. Blood samples were drawn from the subjects and analyzed for TLR9 genetic polymorphism at - 1237C/T by using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. RESULTS: No significant difference was found in genotype and allele frequency of TLR9 genetic polymorphism (- 1237C/T) in generalized aggressive and chronic periodontitis patients and healthy controls. CONCLUSION: Toll-like receptor 9 genetic polymorphism at - 1237C/T may not be associated with GAgP and chronic periodontitis patients in Indian population.