Association of hyperparathyroidism and benign fibro-osseous jaw tumors: a 25-year retrospective study at Mayo Clinic.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the association between hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), parathyroid hormone levels, and calcium levels in patients diagnosed with benign fibro-osseous lesions such as fibrous dysplasia (FD), ossifying fibroma (OF), central giant cell granulomas (GCG). METHODS: This is a retrospective, single-center study from a sample of patients who underwent surgical treatment of FD, OF, and GCG at Mayo Clinic between 1996 and 2021. Patient demographics, history of PHPT, histopathological diagnosis, and relevant laboratory values such as parathyroid hormone (PTH), serum calcium, vitamin D, and alkaline phosphatase were collected. RESULTS: Of the patients diagnosed with FD (n = 64), OF (n = 24), and GCG (n = 5), a diagnosis of PHPT was found in 2 patients (3.1%), 1 patient (4.2%), and 0 patients (0%), respectively. Elevated PTH levels (>65 pg/mL) were observed in 3 patients (4.7%) with FD, 1 patient (4.2%) with OF, and 1 patient (20%) with GCG. Mean (standard deviation) calcium levels were 9.3 (0.6) mg/dL in the FD group, 9.4 (0.5) mg/dL in the OF group, and 9.3 (0.6) mg/dL in the GCG group. Patients with fibro-osseous jaw tumors including FD, OF, and GCG may have increased risk of PHPT compared to the general population. CONCLUSION: Patients with benign jaw tumors including FD, OF, and GCG may have increased risk of PHPT compared to the general population. Surgeons treating these benign tumors need to be cognizant of these findings, obtain appropriate laboratory studies, and incorporate multidisciplinary care including endocrinologists, endocrine surgeons, and maxillofacial surgeons.

Surgical and prosthetic rehabilitation of siblings with Witkop tooth and nail syndrome using zygomatic implants: a familial case series of 3 patients with up to 15-year follow-up.

Witkop tooth and nail syndrome is a rare, autosomal dominant type of ectodermal dysplasia that can have significant effects on dentition, including hypoplastic and malformed dentition and significantly atrophic maxillas. Endosseous implants have become one possible solution to replace missing teeth, although their use in areas where bone is sparse becomes challenging. Due to the severe atrophy of the maxillary alveolus, extensive preprosthetic surgeries including orthognathic surgery, extensive bone grafting, and sinus floor augmentations have been recommended prior to placement of endosseous dental implants. Although this treatment has shown favorable outcomes, it requires multiple surgical procedures, contributing to a prolonged treatment course and increased morbidity. An alternative treatment of atrophic maxillas in patients with ectodermal dysplasia includes the use of zygomatic implants. This familial case series discusses 3 siblings, all previously diagnosed with Witkop Syndrome, who underwent comprehensive preprosthetic surgery and prosthetic rehabilitation using zygomatic implants with a follow-up period up to 15 years.

What is the Incidence of Oral Cancer Recurrence in Patients Reconstructed With a Microvascular Free Flap, Endosseous Implants, and an Oral Prosthesis and How Does the Timing of Implant Placement Influence Recurrence?

PURPOSE: In patients with malignant oral disease, there is concern that immediate implant placement at the time of ablative and microvascular free flap surgery can contribute to tumor recurrence or delay the diagnosis of recurrence. The purpose of this study is to 1) estimate the incidence of recurrence in patients with malignant disease treated with immediate microvascular free flap reconstruction, endosseous implants, and an oral prosthesis, 2) measure and compare the timing of implant placement, immediate versus delayed, and the time to complete oral rehabilitation, and 3) measure the association between the timing of implant placement and tumor recurrence. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a retrospective cohort study utilizing medical record analysis involving patients with malignant oral cancer undergoing tumor resection and immediate microvascular reconstruction from 1996 to 2019 at the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN by the Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. Additional inclusion criteria comprised of immediate or delayed endosseous implant placement, the fabrication of an oral prosthesis, and a minimum of 2-year follow-up. Data on patient demographics, tumor characteristics, timing of implant placement and prosthesis loading, type of prosthesis, tumor recurrence, or second primary tumor events were analyzed. RESULTS: Thirty-three patients with a mean follow-up of 6.4 years were included. Twenty-four patients (72.7%) were diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma with 3 patients experiencing tumor recurrence. Fifteen patients had immediate implant placement while 18 patients had delayed implant placement. The mean number of days to prosthetic loading of the implants was 680.4 days and 330.1 days for the delayed implant group and immediate implant group, respectively, which was statistically significant (P = .004). The timing of implant placement and the event of a recurrence were not statistically significant (P = .075). CONCLUSION: The incidence of recurrence in patients with malignant oral cancer treated with microvascular reconstruction, endosseous implants, and an oral prosthesis was 12.5% with one recurrence occurring beneath the oral prosthesis. Delayed implant placement resulted in a statistically significant delay in the completion of oral rehabilitation compared to immediate implant placement. There was no difference in the incidence of recurrence in the immediate implant group compared to the delayed implant group.

Education Solutions to the Medical-Dental Divide.

Arbitrarily cordoning off the mouth from the rest of the body is the educational approach that, since 1840, has been responsible for the medical-dental schism that persists today, preventing oral health's integration with overall health. This divide has also thwarted oral disease prevention initiatives, access to services, and health equity. This article offers an educational plan for reunifying medicine and dentistry, which involves interprofessional education, dual degree training, integrating oral health into medical education, and integrated residency training.

Dataset on effect of sand grain size and water salinity on oil recovery.

This research investigates the combined effect of grain size and water salinity on oil recovery. Water flooding experiment was carried out using unconsolidated formation from Niger Delta. Five groups consisting of five samples, were tested for the effective interaction of two factors (grain size and salinity) and how they affect oil recovery. Each group was assigned a particular grain size while the prepared brine concentration was varied within a specified range. The selected grain sizes were obtained from laboratory sieve analyses. For each sand sample, the same concentration of brine used in saturating it was poured into the accumulator and connected to the flooding tube to displace a column of crude oil. The control valve was opened to cause oil displacement. The amount of brine used to displace the crude oil was ten times the pore volume and all the oil in each sample was recovered by the saturated brine solution. Laboratory investigations show that oil recovery was highest for brine concentration of 15,000 ppm; this was also the case in relation to oil recovery and sand grain sizes.

Radiological and toxicity risk exposures of oil based mud: health implication on drilling crew in Niger Delta.

Naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORMs) and the presence of toxic metals in drilling fluids/their additives have raised research interests in recent times owing to the risks associated with the exposure times for drillers of petroleum wells. In this study, two drilling fluids A and B were formulated, while two other Mud Samples C and D were obtained from drilled shale and shale-sand formation zones. All four fluids were collected and analyzed for the presence of radioactive and heavy metals. Lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), cadmium Cd), zinc (Zn), chromium (Cr), aluminum (Al), arsenic (As), nickel (Ni), and copper (Cu) were detected in the mud samples. The heavy metal contents of the mud samples are in the following decreasing order of magnitude Hg > Pb > Cd > Cr. In Samples A-D, Hg, Pb, Cr, and Cd were found to have significant concentrations, and the concentrations of these metals increased in the mud samples after they were used for drilling. The concentration of Hg was above the permissible limit. Also, the concentrations of Pb, Cu, As, and Al found in Mud Samples A and B can cause skin irritations over long-term exposures, while Cd, Hg, Zn, and Ni present in the samples were within levels that can cause lung infections or immune breakdown when ingested over long periods. The quantities of Cd, Hg, and Cu detected in Mud Samples C and D can cause skin irritations over long-term exposures, while those of As, Zn, Ni, and Al were seen to have the potential to cause dermal infections/diseases. Based on the results obtained, the cancer risk for the drilling crew lies within 1.1 × 10-3 - 7.7 × 10-3 HQ. The highest dose rate, radium release, and external hazard index were obtained for Mud Sample C whose radium equivalent was judged to be far below the critical safe limit for the drillers. The radium equivalent activity for the two field mud samples (C and D) were estimated to be 27.467 and 22.978 Bq kg-1, respectively, which is the maximum activity obtained for the analyzed samples. The maximum radium equivalent activity for Mud Sample C was estimated as 27.48 Bq kg-1 with a corresponding external hazard index of 0.7. Based on the analysis, there is a significant correlation between the concentration of heavy metals and the radionuclides found in the mud samples.

Rheology of Gum Arabic Polymer and Gum Arabic Coated Nanoparticle for enhanced recovery of Nigerian medium crude oil under varying temperatures.

The dataset in this article are related to the rheology of dispersions containing Gum Arabic coated Alumina Nanoparticles (GCNPs) and Gum Arabic (GA) polymer for Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) of Nigerian medium crude oil under varying temperatures. The data included the viscosity of the dispersion containing GCNPs compared to GA at different shear rates. In addition, data on the rheological properties (plastic viscosity, yield point, and apparent viscosity) of the dispersions under varying temperatures was also presented.

Comparison of the change in inferior sclera exposure after maxillary protraction with or without skeletal anchorage.

AIM: The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the change in inferior sclera exposition after maxillary protraction with or without skeletal anchorage in patients with maxillary retrognathia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifteen patients (Group 1) who applied maxillary protraction with teeth-supported appliance and fifteen patients who applied maxillary protraction with skeletal anchorage (Group 2) were compared in order to investigate the effect of different maxillary protraction methods on the visibility of sclera. The patients in both groups had dental and skeletal Class III malocclusion with maxillary retrusion (ANB <0; SNA <80), increased vertical growth pattern (SnGoGn> 32) (long face), increased sclera exposure, and no congenital anomalies and dentofacial deformities. Pre- and posttreatment records were used to assess the amount of visible sclera on facial photographs using Adobe Photoshop CS6 program and the change in the movement of maxilla on cephalometric film. The pretreatment and after maxillary protraction values were compared statistically by the Wilcoxon signed-rank test (level of significance, P < 0.05). RESULTS: The amount of inferior sclera exposure to eye height decreased in the right and left eyes of the 30 patients with maxillary protraction. The amount of inferior sclera exposure to eye height of the right and left eyes decreased from 3.59 to 3.5 and from 3.44 to 3.39, respectively, in Group I (P = 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). The amount of inferior sclera exposure to eye height of the right and left eyes decreased from 4.17 to 3.93 and from 3.86 to 3.68, respectively, in Group II (P = 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSION: There were important results in both of the two methods. Although more improvement was obtained in the skeletal anchorage group, statistically no significant differences were found between the groups.

Dataset on experimental investigation of gum arabic coated alumina nanoparticles for enhanced recovery of nigerian medium crude oil.

The dataset in this article are related to an experimental Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) scheme involving the use of dispersions containing Gum Arabic coated Alumina Nanoparticles (GCNPs) for Nigerian medium crude oil. The result contained in the dataset showed a 7.18% (5 wt% GCNPs), 7.81% (5 wt% GCNPs), and 5.61% (3 wt% GCNPs) improvement in the recovery oil beyond the water flooding stage for core samples A, B, and C respectively. Also, the improvement in recovery of the medium crude oil by the GCNPs dispersions when compared to Gum Arabic polymer flooding was evident in the dataset.

Effects of periodontal treatment on inflammation and oxidative stress markers in patients with metabolic syndrome.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a combination of risk factors (e.g. impaired glucose tolerance, hypertension, and dyslipidaemia) that significantly contribute to the development of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the study was to compare the effects of nonsurgical periodontal treatment (NSPT) on inflammatory and oxidative stress markers in individuals with MetS and systemically healthy (SH) who were chronic periodontitis (CP). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 50 patients with chronic periodontitis (25 with MetS and 25 SH) were included. Clinical periodontal measurements were recorded, and serum and whole-saliva samples were collected from all patients at baseline, and 3 and 6 mo following NSPT. The levels of fasting plasma glucose, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), triglyceride (TRG), total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were analysed. The levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10 were determined using ELISA kits, and total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and oxidative stress index (OSI) levels were measured. RESULTS: After NSPT, significant and similar improvements of all periodontal parameters were observed in both groups compared with baseline measurements. There were decreases in the levels of serum hs-CRP and IL-6, whereas increases in serum IL-10 were found in both groups, at all time points. Serum TOS and OSI showed no significant change in either group at any time point. Compared with the SH group, serum TAC levels were higher in the MetS group at baseline but lower at the 3-mo time-point. There was no difference in TAC levels between the groups at 6 mo. Saliva IL-6 was higher in the MetS group than the SH group at all time points. The levels of IL-6 and OSI in saliva decreased following NSPT in both groups, whereas salivary TAC concentrations increased. In the MetS group, TRG and HbA1c levels decreased significantly at 3 mo. CONCLUSION: NSPT decreased oxidative stress and the inflammatory status of patients with MetS and chronic periodontitis. Although similar periodontal improvements were achieved in both groups, the decreases in levels of hs-CRP and IL-6 in the MetS group did not reach the levels in the SH group. Based on these results, NSPT could be more effective in the control of systemic inflammation in patients with MetS in the short-term.

Validity of the Demirjian method for dental age estimation for Southern Turkish children.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the applicability of the Demirjian method for southern Turkish population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Panoramic radiographs of 535 patients (276 females, 259 males aged from 10 to 18 years) selected retrospectively. Dental age was calculated using the Demirjian's method. Chronologic age was calculated by subtracting the date of the birth from the date of the panoramic radiograph after having converted both to a decimal age. The chronologic and dental ages were compared using the paired t-test. RESULTS: The mean difference between the chronologic and dental ages ranged from 0.02 to 0.79 years in females. These differences in females between the chronologic and dental ages were statistically significant in total (P < 0.050) and in G1 (10-10.90 years) (P < 0.010) and G2 (11-11.90 years) (P < 0.001). The mean difference between the chronologic and dental ages ranged from 0.04 to 0.85 years in males. These differences in males between the chronologic age and dental age were statistically significant in total (P < 0.010) and in G4 (13-13.90 years) G5 (14-14.90 years) G6 (15-15.90 years) groups (P < 0.050). CONCLUSIONS: It is appropriate to use the Demirjian method in southern Turkish children; however, a revision is needed in some age groups.

Maghemite (hematite) core (shell) nanorods via thermolysis of a molecular solid of Fe-complex.

An Fe-metal complex with 2'-hydroxy chalcone (2'-HC) ligands [Fe(III) (2'-hydroxy chalcone)(3)] is synthesized by a chemical route and is subjected to different thermal treatments. Upon thermolysis in air at 450 °C for 3 h the complex yields maghemite (γ-Fe(2)O(3)) nanorods with a thin hematite (α-Fe(2)O(3)) shell. X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Mössbauer spectroscopy, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-DRS), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) are used to characterize the samples. The stability of the ligand and the Fe-complex is further examined by using thermogravimmetric/differential thermal analysis (TGA/DTA). We suggest a residual ligand controlled mechanism for the formation of an anisotropic nanostructure in a crumbling molecular solid undergoing ligand decomposition. Since the band gap of iron oxide is in the visible range, we explored the use of our core shell nano-rod sample for photocatalytic activity for H(2) generation by H(2)S splitting under solar light. We observed high photocatalytic activity for hydrogen generation (75 ml h(-1)).

Short-term effects of periodontal therapy as an adjunct to anti-lipemic treatment.

OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to assess the effect of improved periodontal health following periodontal treatment on metabolic lipid control of patients on anti-lipemic treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study population consisted of 20 patients aged 34-62 years with diagnoses of hyperlipidemia and chronic periodontitis. All patients used statin to treat their elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Blood samples were obtained for measurement of serum lipids, fasting plasma glucose, and high sensitive C-reactive protein. Periodontal parameters, including plaque index, gingival index, probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level, and percentage of bleeding on probing, were evaluated. All parameters were assessed in each subject at baseline, after 3 months as a control (at the time of periodontal treatment), and 3 months after the non-surgical periodontal treatment that included scaling and root planning. RESULTS: All lipid parameters decreased after the periodontal treatment, but only the decreases in total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels reached statistical significance compared to baseline (P = 0.002 and P = 0.003, respectively). CONCLUSION: Improved periodontal health may influence metabolic control of hyperlipidemia and could be considered as an adjunct to the standard measures of hyperlipidemic patient care.

Effect of particle size variation of Ag nanoparticles in Polyaniline composite on humidity sensing.

The results of synthesis of Ag-Polyaniline nanocomposite along with an investigation of optical fiber based humidity sensor using evanescent wave absorption spectroscopy are discussed. The sensor was fabricated using Ag-Polyaniline nanocomposite deposited on an optical fiber clad and tested in the range of 5-95% relative humidity (RH). Optimization of clad length (2-8mm) was done and then particle size (15-30 nm) variation of silver nanoparticles in Polyaniline composite was studied for better performance of sensor. The effect of particle size on sensing humidity was investigated. The reduction of particle size, leads to a dramatic improvement in sensitivity and speed of response. The optimized clad length of 6mm exhibits the better results for 15 nm particle size of Ag nanoparticles dispersed in Polyaniline. The sensor response is fully reversible having almost 1% of standard deviation. Response time of the sensor is 30s with a slow recovery of 90 s.