A Qualitative Study on Violence Against Women and the Impact of Printed Media in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.

Background: Violence is a universal health problem that is encountered in all segments of society and is increasing. in TRNC The attitude of violence against women is increasing day by day, this behavior is not only in the home, It can also be seen in social settings. The aim of this study is to examine the attitude of adults living in Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC) about violence against women and the effect of print press on the attitude against violence. Methods: The study was carried out in 6 districts of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, with a total number of 84 participants. The questionnaire used in the study consisted of 48 questions, 8 of which were demographic, 40 of which were open-ended questions that queried the attitude towards violence against women and the effect of print press. The study was done using the qualitative research method, and Nvivo program was used in the analysis of the data obtained. The data obtained from the interviews were analyzed under 6 themes: violence definition theme, theme of victims exposed to violence, prevalence theme, prevention theme, theme of media effect and expectations from media, and education theme in the last section. Results: It has been observed that children as well as women are affected by these violent incidents. It has been revealed that there is a need for public health policies on violence against women in society. It has been determined that the police behave insufficiently in terms of violence against women and in the implementation stages and many incidents are not reflected in the judiciary. It has been observed that the relevant field experts, especially the police, print press members, lawyers, doctors, and educators, need education and public awareness programs. Conclusion: In our study, it has been revealed that violence against women is common in the TRNC, and children as well as women are affected by these acts of violence.

Serum interleukin-6 levels correlate with malnutrition and survival in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

AIM: To investigate the level of interleukin-6 in advanced non-small cell lung cancer and to analyze the relationship with malnutrition and survival. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN: Seventy-one newly diagnosed advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients were enrolled in this prospective study. Malnutrition was defined by using subjective global assessment. Performance status was assessed by the Karnofsky scale. Serum levels of albumin, transferrin, C-reactive protein, lymphocytes/mm3, lactate dehydrogenase and growth hormone were determined before treatment. The patients were followed, and the factors affecting survival were analyzed. RESULTS: The mean follow-up after diagnosis was 180 days. IL-6 levels increased in 48 (68%) of 71 patients. According to the subjective global assessment, 28 (39%) patients were well nourished and 43 (61%) were malnourished. Of the 43 malnourished patients, 29 (41%) were moderately malnourished or suspected of being malnourished and 14 (20%) were severely malnourished. The IL-6 level was related to impaired performance status (P = 0.0001), severe malnutrition (P = 0.004), increased C-reactive protein (P = 0.013), higher growth hormone (P = 0.025) and transferrin (P = 0.03) levels. On univariate analysis, impaired performance status, moderate and severe malnutrition, decreased serum albumin and transferrin, a raised IL-6 and lactate dehydrogenase levels were the significant prognostic factors for survival. Multivariate analysis indicated that a raised IL-6, severe malnutrition and a low serum level of albumin were independent prognostic factors for survival in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. CONCLUSIONS: IL-6 secretion may play a role in the pathophysiology of malnutrition in advanced lung cancer. Results show a relation between elevated IL-6 serum levels and malnutrition, poor performance status, acute phase response and shorter survival in patients affected by advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Prospective evaluation of von Willebrand factor release after multiple and single stenting.

The hypothesis that von Willebrand factor (vWf) release after multiple coronary stenting may be higher than release after single coronary stenting was tested. Preliminary data suggest that multiple stenting is a predictor of thrombosis, and vWf levels in the coronary sinus reflect coronary endothelial injury. Therefore vWf as an indicator of thrombogenesis and endothelial injury was studied. vWf levels were obtained in the coronary sinus at the prestenting and poststenting period in 50 patients with ischemic heart disease who underwent elective coronary stenting (25 patients in single stent group and 25 patients in multiple stent group). Eight subjects who underwent diagnostic coronary angiography were used as controls. vWf levels increased significantly after multiple stenting and vWf levels were significantly different from vWf levels after single stenting. In single stent group, vWf levels in type C lesions were significantly different from levels detected in type A and B lesions. Multiple coronary stenting induces a rapid increase in vWf expression in the coronary circulation. These changes may contribute to the pathogenesis of acute or subacute stent thrombosis and restenosis after multiple stenting.

The influence of amitraz on biochemical parameters in mice.

In this study, the effect of amitraz on biochemical parameters of mice was studied. Mice were given amitraz by gavage at 15 or 45 mg/kg body weight. Since the drug was diluted with dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO), it was administered to another experimental animal group in order to determine its own effects on biochemical parameters. Following drug administration, 48 hours passed to let hepatic lesions develop and after that 1 mL of blood was taken from each mouse. They were killed by ether euthanasia for histopathological examination. The result of the analyses revealed that amitraz had no effect on serum glucose concentration, whereas DMSO led to a significant decrease in blood sugar concentration. Increase in urea, phosphorous, aspartate transaminase and alanine amino transferase values were observed only in the group given 45 mg/kg body weight amitraz. A decrease in creatinine and alkaline phosphatase concentrations was observed in all groups. No differences were observed in serum calcium and bilirubin concentrations. No pathological changes were detected in the kidneys and livers. It was concluded that, even in asymptomatic amitraz toxicity cases, adverse effects on kidney and liver functions were likely to develop.