[A Case of Distal Gastrectomy and Left Segmentectomy for Hepatic Invasion of Gastric Cancer].

A 66-year-old male came to our hospital because of occult blood in stool and anemia. The patient was diagnosed as unresectable advanced gastric cancer,( ML/Less, type 2, tub2, cT4b[liver], cN+, cM0, cStage Ⅳ, HER2 negative). He was given oxaliplatin plus S-1 therapy. In the 3rd course of chemotherapy, he had severe anemia, and active bleeding from the tumor. To control the bleeding he underwent distal gastrectomy, lateral segmentectomy of the liver, and S4 partial hepatectomy. The patient underwent adjuvant chemotherapy with docetaxel plus S-1. Three months after surgery, lymph nodes recurrence was observed. He underwent second-line therapy with paclitaxel and ramucirumab. Seven months after surgery, lymph nodes recurrence was increased. He was switched to third-line therapy with nivolumab. He is currently arrive 12 months after surgery.

[A Case of Colon Metastasis after Surgery for Left Renal Pelvis Cancer].

The patient was a 73-year-old man. He was diagnosed with left renal pelvic carcinoma(papillary urothelial carcinoma, pT3aN0M0, Stage Ⅱ)at the age of 69. Left nephroureterectomy and partial cystectomy were performed at our hospital. At the age of 71, he was diagnosed with a recurrent bladder tumor and underwent radical cystectomy and ureteroenterostomy at a different hospital. At the age of 73, he visited our hospital with abdominal pain. Computed tomography(CT)revealed wall thickening of the descending colon and dilation of the oral tract. Emergency colonoscopy was performed. He was diagnosed with intestinal obstruction due to descending colon cancer. Colonoscopy revealed a circumferential type 2 lesion in the descending colon that was completely stenosed. Colonic stent placement was performed. A tumor biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of micropapillary adenocarcinoma. The preoperative diagnosis was descending colon cancer cT4aN2aM0, cStage Ⅲc. One month after stent placement, an open segmental resection of the descending colon with D2 dissection was performed. Immunostaining of the specimen showed CK7(+)and CK20(-), and the postoperative diagnosis was a recurrence of left renal pelvic carcinoma in the descending colon. We report a rare case of renal pelvic carcinoma that recurred in the descending colon 4 years after initial surgery.

Clinical Impact of Preoperative Prognostic Nutritional Index in Surgical Patients With Pancreatic Cancer Treated With Perioperative Adjuvant Chemotherapy.

BACKGROUND/AIM: The prognostic nutritional index (PNI) is used as a marker to evaluate the nutritional and immunological status of patients with various cancers. This study aimed to investigate whether preoperative PNI is a prognostic factor in patients with pancreatic cancer who underwent perioperative adjuvant chemotherapy and surgical resection. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively enrolled 232 pancreatic cancer patients who underwent surgical resection with perioperative adjuvant chemotherapy between January 2013 and December 2022. Overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) rates were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using the Cox proportional hazards regression models. RESULTS: The optimal cutoff value for the preoperative PNI was 44.3 in the present study. PNI <44.3 was associated with older age (p<0.001) and affected the clinical course of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy. The PNI <44.3 had an important influence on the decreased OS (25.1 vs. 39.0 months) and RFS (13.1 vs. 22.8 months). In univariate and multivariate analyses, the preoperative PNI was an independent prognostic factor for OS [hazard ratio (HR)=1.682, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.059-2.673, p=0.028] and RFS (HR=1.559, 95% CI=1.037-2.344, p=0.033). CONCLUSION: Preoperative PNI is a prognostic factor for both OS and RFS in patients with pancreatic cancer who underwent perioperative adjuvant chemotherapy and surgical resection. This study suggests that a low PNI may cause a lack of full-dose adjuvant chemotherapy, leading to recurrence and resulting in a poor prognosis for surgical pancreatic cancer patients treated with perioperative adjuvant chemotherapy.

Non-invasive intraductal oncocytic papillary neoplasm forming a protruding lesion toward the duodenum from the accessory papilla: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Intraductal oncocytic papillary neoplasm (IOPN), previously classified as a subtype of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN), has been described as an independent disease by the WHO since 2019. IOPN is a rare tumor, with few reported cases. Herein, we report a case of resected non-invasive IOPN that formed a lesion protruding toward the duodenum from the accessory papilla. CASE PRESENTATION: An 80-year-old woman was referred to our hospital because of a giant mass in the pancreatic head detected on abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) performed for a close examination of a mass in the right breast. CT revealed a 90-mm-sized tumor with a mixture of solid and cystic components, with contrast enhancement in the pancreatic head, and a dilated main pancreatic duct. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed a semi-circumferential papillary tumor protruding toward the duodenal lumen, which did not protrude from the papilla of Vater. Transpapillary biopsy led to a preoperative diagnosis of IPMN with an associated invasive carcinoma. As there were no distant metastasis, open subtotal stomach-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy was performed. Analysis of the surgical specimen and histopathological examination revealed that the tumor was an IOPN that protruded toward the duodenal mucosa from the accessory papilla while replacing the duodenal mucosa with no obvious stromal invasion. CONCLUSION: IOPN is a rare and poorly recognized tumor with few reported cases. There have been no reports describing IOPN forming a protruding lesion toward the duodenum from the accessory papilla. Therefore, further accumulation of cases such as this one is important to advance the study of IOPN.

Clinical Impact of Preoperative Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Surgical Patients With Pancreatic Cancer.

BACKGROUND/AIM: The prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer remains poor, despite recent advances in surgical techniques, perioperative care, neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy. This study aimed to investigate the preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as a prognostic factor and determine the optimal cutoff value in surgical patients with pancreatic cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively enrolled 461 patients with pancreatic cancer who underwent resection between January 2013 and December 2022 in the Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery at Kanagawa Cancer Center. The association between continuous or categorical variables and NLR was analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U-test and Fisher's exact test. Overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) rates were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using Cox proportional-hazard regression models. RESULTS: The optimal cutoff value for the preoperative NLR was 3.2. The NLR≥3.2 was associated with a large tumor size (p=0.005), poor histological differentiation (p=0.002), and less adjuvant chemotherapy (p=0.048). The NLR≥3.2 had an important influence on the decreased OS (21.6 vs. 25.8 months), and RFS (10.3 vs. 14.3 months). In univariate and multivariate analyses, the preoperative NLR was an independent prognostic factor for OS (p=0.022) and RFS (p=0.002). CONCLUSION: Preoperative NLR (cutoff value: 3.2) within two weeks before surgery is a prognostic factor for OS and RFS in surgical patients with pancreatic cancer. This study could help establish evidence on the immune system's impact and a unified treatment strategy pre-surgery, potentially improving the prognosis for patients with pancreatic cancer.

[Staging Laparoscopy in the Treatment of Advanced Gastric Cancer].

OBJECTIVE: We examined the applicability and safety of staging laparoscopy(SL)in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the gastric cancer cases that were examined using SL between January 2015 and December 2019 at our hospital. RESULTS: Within this period, 59 gastric cancer patients underwent SL, of whom 53 were diagnosed with SL at first examination. The rare complications of SL were postoperative nausea and vomiting(1 case). In 47.5%(28/59)of patients, we observed peritoneal dissemination including positive lavage cytology. In 2 cases, peritoneal dissemination was found during curative resection despite not being detected by SL. Thus, the false negative rate of peritoneal dissemination discovery was 6.7%(2/30). Among the individuals who were diagnosed as P1 or CY1 at first, subsequent SLs were performed in 6 cases, and 5 patients were re-assigned as P0CY0, of whom 4 underwent conversion surgery. CONCLUSIONS: SL is an essential and safe examination method for defining the treatment strategy in advanced gastric cancer. However, further improvements are needed to reduce the false negative discovery rate and to advance gastric cancer treatment by increasing reliability of diagnosis.