LAMP1 controls CXCL10-CXCR3 axis mediated inflammatory regulation of macrophage polarization during inflammatory stimulation.

Increased expression of CXCL10 and its receptor CXCR3 represents an inflammatory response in cells and tissues. Macrophage polarization and autophagy are major functions in inflammatory macrophages; however, the cellular functions of the CXCL10-CXCR3 axis in macrophages are not well understood. Here, we examined the role of CXCL10-CXCR3-axis-regulated autophagy in macrophage polarization. First, in non-inflammatory macrophages, whereas CXCL10 promotes M2 polarization and inhibits M1 polarization, CXCR3 antagonist AMG487 induces the opposite macrophage polarization. Next, CXCL10 promotes the expression of autophagy proteins (Atg5-Atg12 complex, p62, LC3-II, and LAMP1) and AMG487 inhibits their expression. Knockdown of LAMP1 by short interfering RNA switches the CXCL10-induced polarization from M2 to M1 in non-inflammatory macrophages. Furthermore, in inflammatory macrophages stimulated by poly(I:C), CXCL10 induces M1 polarization and AMG487 induces M2 polarization in association with a decrease in LAMP1. Finally, AMG487 alleviates lung injury after poly(I:C) treatment in mice. In conclusion, CXCL10-CXCR3 axis differentially directs macrophage polarization in inflammatory and non-inflammatory states, and autophagy protein LAMP1 acts as the switch controlling the direction of macrophage polarization by CXCL10-CXCR3.

[Comparison of the efficacy of TiRobot orthopaedic robot assisted F screw technique and inverted triangle parallel nail internal fixation in the treatment of unstable femoral neck fractures].

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of TiRobot assisted F screw technique and inverted triangle parallel nail internal fixation in the treatment of unstable femoral neck fractures. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 72 patients with unstable femoral neck fractures who were treated with percutaneous cannulated screw fixation assisted with TiRobot Orthopaedic robot from December 2019 to April 2021. Among them, 37 patients were treated with F screw internal fixation, including 16 males and 21 females, aged 47 to 64 years old with an average of （53.87±5.28） years old；According to Pauwels classification, there were 1 case of type Ⅰ, 19 cases of type Ⅱ, 17 cases of type Ⅲ；8 cases of combined medical diseases；17 cases of falling, 8 cases of traffic accident and 12 cases of falling from height；The time from injury to operation was 29 to 49 hours with average of （35.00±7.34） hours. Another 35 cases used internal fixation with an inverted triangle parallel nail, including 13 males and 22 females with an average age of 46 to 63 years old （52.36±5.05） years old；According to the Pauwels injury classification：there were 2 cases of type Ⅰ, 21 cases of type Ⅱ, 12 cases of type Ⅲ；6 cases of medical diseases, 15 cases of falling injury, 9 cases of traffic accident, 11 cases of falling injury；The time from injury to operation was 30 to 45 hours with an average of （33.00±6.83） h. The intraoperative blood loss, operation time, intraoperative fluoroscopy times, follow-up time, fracture healing time, postoperative complications were observed and compared between the two groups. The hip joint function was evaluated by Harris score at 6 months and 12 months after operation. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in operation time, intraoperative blood loss, intraoperative fluoroscopy times and other intraoperative data between two groups（P>0.05）. Both groups were followed up regularly, and the follow-up time was 12 to 16 months. The fracture healing time and Harris score of the F screw internal fixation group were better than those of the inverted triangle parallel nail internal fixation group （P<0.05）. There was 1 case of femoral neck shortening in the F screw internal fixation group, 1 case of nonunion, 1 case of nail withdrawal, and 1 case of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis in the inverted triangle internal fixation group. The incidence of complications in the F screw internal fixation group was lower than that in the inverted triangle parallel nail internal fixation group（P<0.05）. CONCLUSION: Percutaneous cannulated F screw technique using Tirobot navigation positioning system is a safe and effective treatment for patients with unstable femoral neck fractures. It can significantly shorten the fracture healing time, reduce the incidence of postoperative complications, significantly improve hip joint function, and improve the quality of life.

Preparation of MOF/polypyrrole and flower-like MnO2 electrodes by electrodeposition: High-performance materials for hybrid capacitive deionization defluorination.

Fluorine pollution has become a global public health problem due to its adverse health effects. Adsorption is the primary method for removing fluoride from drinking water. However, the adsorption method has disadvantages such as difficulty in recovering the adsorbent, and the need to add additional chemicals for regeneration, thereby causing secondary pollution, which limits further industrial applications. Capacitive deionization (CDI), as an emerging water treatment technology, has attracted widespread attention due to its advantages of simple operation, low energy consumption and less environmental impact. In this study, a polypyrrole (PPy) film was prepared on a graphite substrate by electrodeposition, and then metal-organic framework Ce/Zn-BDC-NH2 (CZBN) was deposited on the PPy film by electrophoretic deposition to obtain CZBN/PPy electrode was obtained. The CZBN/PPy anode was then coupled with the MnO2 cathode for capacitive removal of fluoride in a CDI cell. Both CZBN/PPy and MnO2 electrodes exhibit pseudocapacitive behavior, which can selectively and reversibly intercalate F- (CZBN/PPy) and Na+ (MnO2) ions. As expected, the CZBN/PPy-MnO2 system exhibits excellent fluorine removal performance. In 1.2 V, 100 mg/L F- solution, the F- removal capacity can reach 55.12 mg/g. It has high F- selectivity in the presence of some common anions, and can maintain high F- removal ability even after five adsorption regeneration processes. The mechanism of F- removal was studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). F- was mainly removed by electrostatic interaction and ion exchange with hydroxyl. The excellent defluorination performance of the CZBN/PPy-MnO2 system makes it have good practical application prospects.

[Mercury in tree rings: Advances, problems and prospects]. / æ ‘æœ¨å¹´è½®æ±žè®°å½•: 进展、问题和展望.

As a highly biotoxic element, mercury (Hg) can be enriched by the food chain and has negative effect on ecosystems. Changes of Hg flux and reserves in forest have important effects on its biogeochemical cycle in forest ecosystem. Due to limitation of temporal and spatial monitoring, there is not comprehensive understanding on Hg distribution. Widely distributed trees can be used as effective bio-monitors and Hg records in tree rings can be used to study Hg temporal and spatial distribution. Hg accumulated by root, leaf, bark, and other tissues can be detained in bole and record environmental Hg variations. Therefore, historical Hg trends can be restructured by analyzing Hg concentration in tree rings and the biogeochemical characteristics can be understood with Hg isotope ratio. We reviewed the method of measurement of Hg concentration and isotope ratio and application of reconstruction using Hg concentration in tree ring. We suggested the great application potential of Hg isotope ratio in atmospheric Hg construction and biogeochemistry cycle and raised concerns in further studies.

Efficacy analysis of Da Vinci robotic assisted and laparoscopic assisted complete mesocolic excision for right hemicolon cancer / 中华消化外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of Da Vinci robotic assisted and laparos-copic assisted complete mesocolic excision (CME) for right hemicolon cancer.Methods:The propensity score matching and retrospective cohort study was conducted. The clinicopatho-logical data of 119 patients with right hemicolon cancer who were admitted to Daping Hospital, Army Medical University from July 2016 to July 2019 were collected. There were 63 males and 56 females, aged (61±11)years. All the 119 patients underwent CME of right hemicolon. Of 119 patients, 37 cases undergoing Da Vinci robotic assisted CME of right hemicolon were divided into robotic group and 82 cases undergoing laparoscopic assisted CME of right hemicolon were divided into laparoscopic group. Observation indicators: (1) the propensity score matching conditions and comparison of general data between the two groups after propensity score matching; (2)intraoperative and postoperative situations; (3) postoperative pathological examination; (4)follow-up. Follow-up was conducted by outpatient examination or telephone interview to detect tumor metastasis and survival of patients after surgery up to August 2019. The propensity score matching was conducted by 1∶1 matching using the nearest neighbor method. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD, and comparison between groups was conducted using the independent sample t test. Count data were represented as absolute numbers, and comparison between groups was conducted using the chi-square test or Fisher exact probability. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate survival rate and the GraphPad Prism 5 software was used to draw survival curve. The Log-rank test was used for survival analysis. Results:(1) The propensity score matching conditions and comparison of general data between the two groups after propensity score matching: 68 of 119 patients had successful matching, including 34 cases in each group. Before propensity score matching, cases undergoing surgery by surgeon A or surgeon B were 32, 5 of the robotic group, versus 49, 33 of the laparoscopic group, showing a significant difference between the two groups ( χ2=8.381, P<0.05). After propensity score matching, the gender (males or females), age, body mass index (BMI), cases with tumor classified as stageⅠ, stage Ⅱ or stage Ⅲ of TNM staging, cases with tumor located at ileocecal region, ascending colon, hepatic flexor of colon or transverse colon, cases undergoing surgery by surgeon A or surgeon B were 17, 17, (62±10)years, (22.4±2.7)kg/m 2, 4, 14, 16, 3, 15, 10, 6, 29, 5 of the robotic group, versus 15, 19, (62±11)years, (22.4±2.8)kg/m 2, 4, 18, 12, 2, 19, 7, 6, 30, 4 of the laparoscopic group, showing no significant difference between the two groups ( χ2=0.236, t=0.127, 0.044, χ2=1.071, 1.200, 0.000, P>0.05). (2) Intraoperative and postoperative situations: after propensity score matching, the operation time, volume of intraoperative blood loss, cases undergoing conversion to open surgery, time to postoperative initial out-of-bed activities, time to postoperative first flatus, time to postoperative initial liquid food intake, duration of postoperative hospital stay and treatment expenses were (235±50)minutes, (73±45)mL, 0, (1.9±0.7)days, (2.9±1.2)days, (3.1±2.4)days, (9.1±4.9)days, (9.6±1.8)×10 4 yuan of the robotic group, versus (183±35)minutes, (74±74)mL, 1, (2.1±0.6)days, (3.3±1.4)days, (3.5±4.2)days, (9.1±3.9)days, (6.3±1.6)×10 4 yuan of the laparoscopic group, respectively. There were significant differences in the operation time and treatment expenses between the two groups ( t=5.050, 8.165, P<0.05) while there was no significant difference in the volume of intraoperative blood loss, time to postoperative initial out-of-bed activities, time to postoperative first flatus, time to postoperative initial liquid food intake or duration of postoperative hospital stay between the two groups ( t=0.118, ?0.462, ?1.129, ?1.291, 0.027, P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the conversion to open surgery between the two groups ( P>0.05). Five patients of the robotic group and 7 patients of the laparoscopic group had postoperative complications. There was no significant difference in the postoperative complications between the two groups ( χ2=0.405, P>0.05). (3) Postoperative pathological examination: after propensity score matching, cases with R 0 resection, the number of lymph node dissected, cases with lymph node metastasis and cases with tumor differentiation as well differentiated adenocarcinoma, moderately differentiated adeno-carcinoma, poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma or mucinous adenocarcinoma were 34, 17±5, 14, 1, 22, 6, 5 of the robotic group, versus 34, 17±5, 12, 2,20, 2, 10 of the laparoscopic group, respectively. There was no significant difference in the R 0 resection between the two groups ( P>0.05) and there was no significant difference in the number of lymph node dissected, lymph node metastasis and tumor differentiation between the two groups ( t=0.488, χ2=0.249, 4.095, P>0.05). (4) Follow-up: after propensity score matching, 68 patients were followed up for 1?36 months, with a median follow-up time of 24 months. The follow-up time was (20±13)months of the robotic group, versus (21±13)months of the laparoscopic group, showing no significant difference between the two groups ( t=0.409, P>0.05). During the follow-up, 3 cases of the robotic group and 4 cases of the laparoscopic group had tumor distant metastasis. The disease-free survival rate and overall survival rate at postoperative 3 years were 83.9% and 86.8% of the robotic group, versus 82.0% and 86.6% of the laparoscopic group, showing no significant difference between the two groups ( χ2=0.188, 0.193, P>0.05). Conclusion:Da Vinci robotic assisted CME for right hemicolon cancer is safe and feasible.

Identification, molecular structure and expression characteristics of Torso like gene in Anopheles dirus / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

ObjectiveTo characterize Torso-like (tsl) gene and investigate its expression characteristics in Anopheles dirus, so as to provide a theoretical basis for subsequent functional studies of the tsl gene. MethodsAccording to the coding sequences of Drosophila melanogaster and An. gambiae tsl genes, the complete genome of An. dirus was retrieved and the An. dirus tsl gene was characterized. Specific primers were designed and the target gene was amplified using PCR and reverse-transcription PCR assays. The physicochemical properties, signal peptide, transmembrane structure, secondary structure and tertiary structure of the encoded protein TSL were analyzed using bioinformatics tools, and a phylogenetic analysis was performed. In addition, the specific expression of the tls gene was detected in various tissues of An. dirus using a quantitative real-time PCR assay. Results The An. dirus tsl gene was 16 751 bp in length with a CDS region of 1 134 bp, encoding 377 amino acids, and the encoded TSL protein was a stably hydrophilic protein. The TSL protein was predicted to be a secretory protein that was located in extra-membrane regions containing signal peptides. The secondary structure of the TSL protein contained α-helix (51.72%), extended strand (12.20%), β-bridge (4.78%) and random coil (31.30%) in the secondary structure, and a 3D homology model was generated using 5cj9.1.A as a template. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a close genetic relationship in the TSL protein between An. dirus and An. farauti. In addition, quantitative real-time PCR assay detected the tsl gene expression in the head, chest, abdomen and foot of An. dirus, with the highest expression in the head and low expression in the foot. Conclusions The tsl gene is characterized in An. dirus at a genomic level, and the prediction of the TSL protein structure and the elucidation of the tissue-specific tsl gene expression in An. dirus provide a basis for the further studies on the gene functions.

Effectiveness evaluation of health belief model-based health education intervention for patients with hypertension in community settings / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective@#To evaluate the effectiveness of health belief model-based health education intervention in improving blood pressure control of patients with hypertension in community settings.@*Methods@#From September 2016 to September 2017, 400 newly diagnosed patients with hypertension were recruited from 6 community healthcare centers with comparable population size and health services in the Shunyi District of Beijing. All community healthcare centers were randomly assigned to the intervention group (206 patients) and the control group (194 patients). Patients in the intervention group received 3 lectures (20-30 min for each) of health belief model-based health education. Patients in the control group received usual care. The basic characteristics, health beliefs, and health literacy were collected, and blood pressure was measured before and after the intervention, respectively. The difference-in-difference model was used to analyze the change of blood pressure and the influencing factors between two groups before and after the intervention.@*Results@#A total of 134 patients in the intervention group and 129 patients in the control group completed the study. After adjusting for the age, gender, family income, medical insurance, chronic diseases and family history, the score of perceived barriers was increased by 1.65 (P=0.016), and perceived seriousness was decreased by 0.73 (P=0.018). The systolic blood pressure of patients was decreased by 7.37 mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa, P=0.001) and diastolic blood pressure was decreased by 4.07 mmHg (P=0.014), respectively. The β (95%CI) values were -7.37 (-11.88,-2.86) and -4.07 (-7.30, -0.84). The perceived susceptibility and self-efficacy had a significant influence on the blood pressure of patients (P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#Health belief model-based health education intervention could significantly improve the blood pressure control of patients with hypertension in the community settings.

Effectiveness evaluation of health belief model-based health education intervention for patients with hypertension in community settings / 中华预防医学杂志

To evaluate the effectiveness of health belief model-based health education intervention in improving blood pressure control of patients with hypertension in community settings. From September 2016 to September 2017, 400 newly diagnosed patients with hypertension were recruited from 6 community healthcare centers with comparable population size and health services in the Shunyi District of Beijing. All community healthcare centers were randomly assigned to the intervention group (206 patients) and the control group (194 patients). Patients in the intervention group received 3 lectures (20-30 min for each) of health belief model-based health education. Patients in the control group received usual care. The basic characteristics, health beliefs, and health literacy were collected, and blood pressure was measured before and after the intervention, respectively. The difference-in-difference model was used to analyze the change of blood pressure and the influencing factors between two groups before and after the intervention. A total of 134 patients in the intervention group and 129 patients in the control group completed the study. After adjusting for the age, gender, family income, medical insurance, chronic diseases and family history, the score of perceived barriers was increased by 1.65 (0.016), and perceived seriousness was decreased by 0.73 (0.018). The systolic blood pressure of patients was decreased by 7.37 mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa, 0.001) and diastolic blood pressure was decreased by 4.07 mmHg (0.014), respectively. The β (95) values were -7.37 (-11.88,-2.86) and -4.07 (-7.30, -0.84). The perceived susceptibility and self-efficacy had a significant influence on the blood pressure of patients (0.05). Health belief model-based health education intervention could significantly improve the blood pressure control of patients with hypertension in the community settings.

Isolation of homogeneous polysaccharide from Poria cocos and effect of its sulfated derivatives on migration of human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells / 中国中药杂志

SATB1 plays a crucial role in the invasion and metastasis of breast cancer,and inhibition of SATB1 expression can effectively control breast cancer metastasis. In this study,homogeneous polysaccharides were isolated from Poria cocos and their sulfated derivatives were prepared to screen out the polysaccharide compositions with inhibitory effects on SATB1 expression. Smal-molecule components were removed from P. cocos by ethanol extraction,and P. cocos crude polysaccharide PPS was obtained by water extraction and ethanol precipitation. Then PPS was successively separated by DEAE Sepharose fast flow anion-exchange and Superdex-75 gel permeation chromatographic steps to give PPSW-1. The structure of PPSW-1 was identified and its sulfated derivatives were prepared. Then their inhibitory effects on human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells were investigated. A kind of polysaccharide,PPSW-1 with inhibitory effect on human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells,was obtained from P. cocos,with a relative molecular weight of 3. 06×104,and structure of 1,6-branched 1,3-α-D-galactan. PPSW-1 and its sulfated derivative Sul-W-1 showed good inhibitory effect on cells migration,and the water solubility of Sul-W-1 was better than that of PPSW-1. In addition,it was found that polysaccharide of P. cocos and its sulfated derivative can inhibit expression of SATB1. In this study,a kind of homogeneous polysaccharide with inhibitory effect on human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells was isolated from P. cocos,and its sulfated derivative with similar efficacy but better solubility was prepared,laying the foundation for the substance basis study of P. cocos.

Application of multi-group structural equation model in comparative study of HBM related to recreational physical activity among population with high risk of chronic diseases and healthy people / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To explore mechanism of health beliefs by application of health belief model (HBM) and structural equation modeling (SEM) with regard to recreational physical activity (PA), to identify the differences of among population with high risk of chronic diseases and healthy people, and to provide the specific interventions of recreational physical activity and reference for health relevant policy-making in the future.@*METHODS@#A total of 2 736 residents with high risk of chronic diseases and 1 514 healthy people were involved. A questionnaire survey, physical examination and biochemical examination were conducted. The questionnaire based on HBM had acceptable validity and reliability. The proposed model based on the total sample size of the two groups was developed using the structural equation modeling and multi-comparison in the ways of appearance and parameters were also validated.@*RESULTS@#The median amount of recreational (PA) among population with high risk of chronic diseases and healthy people were 0.0 thousand-step equivalent with quartile of (0.0, 4.6) and 0.0 thousand-step equivalent with quartile of (0.0, 4.0) respectively. The results of SEM suggested that the direct effects of perceived objective barriers (β=-0.245), perceived subjective barriers (β=-0.057), cues to action (β=-0.043) and self-efficacy (β=0.117) on recreational (PA) were significant. Self-efficacy was the most important mediator. The multi-group comparisons indicated that the models of the two groups had the same appearance but the parameters between them were significant (δ χ2=27.4, P<0.05). The multi-group structural equation model (MSEM) indicated that two paths from cues to action and from perceived subjective barriers to recreational (PA) were not statistically significant among the population with high-risk of chronic diseases. In the two groups, one path coefficient from perceived objective barriers to subjective barriers (P=0.007) was statistically significant (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The recreational (PA) levels of both groups were lower. Health beliefs on recreational (PA) of the two groups played different roles and some paths were also different. Therefore, specific interventions and strategies should be developed for different people. For residents with high risk of chronic diseases, much more attention should be paid to reduce the objective and subjective barriers of recreational physical activity and to improve self-efficacy so as to delay or prevent the occurrence of chronic diseases and then to improve the quality of life of this kind of population.

Effect of eicosapentaenoic acid on mRNA expression of tight junction protein ZO-1 in intestinal epithelial cells after Escherichia coli LF82 infection / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the change in the expression of tight junction protein ZO-1 in intestinal epithelial cells (Caco-2 cells) and the protective effect of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) after adherent-invasive Escherichia coli (E.coli) LF82 infection.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The Caco-2 cell line was used to establish an in vitro model of tight junction of intestinal epithelial cells. Caco-2 cells were divided into EPA treatment groups (0, 25, 50, 100, and 200 μmol/L EPA) and EPA (0, 25, 50, 100, and 200 μmol/L EPA)+E.coli LF82 treatment (0, 6, and 12 hours) groups. A microscope was used to observe the morphological characteristics of the cells. MTT assay was used to determine the cell growth curve. The activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) at both sides of the cell membrane was compared to evaluate the Caco-2 cell model. MTT assay and flow cytometry were used to investigate the effects of different concentrations of EPA on the survival rate and apoptosis rate of Caco-2 cells. RT-qPCR was used to measure the mRNA expression of ZO-1 in Caco-2 cells after EPA and/or E.coli LF82 treatment. ELISA was used to measure the change in the level of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in culture supernatant.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After EPA treatment (25 and 50 μmol/L), the proliferation of Caco-2 cells was induced in a dose-dependent manner. The survival rates of the cells were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The EPA treatment (100 and 200 μmol/L) groups had a significant inhibitory effect on the proliferation of Caco-2 cells in a dose-dependent manner. The survival rates of the cells were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The EPA treatment (100 and 200 μmol/L) groups had a significant increase in cell apoptosis rate compared with the control group (P<0.05). The 6- and 12-hour E.coli LF82 treatment groups had decreasing mRNA expression of ZO-1 in Caco-2 cells over the time of treatment and had significantly lower mRNA expression of ZO-1 than the untreated group (P<0.05). The Caco-2 cells treated with E.coli LF82 and 25 or 50 μmol/L EPA for 6 or 12 hours showed an increase in the mRNA expression of ZO-1 with the increasing concentration of EPA, as well as significantly higher mRNA expression of ZO-1 than the Caco-2 cells treated with E.coli LF82 alone (P<0.05). The Caco-2 cells treated with E.coli LF82 alone for 6 or 12 hours had increasing secretion of TNF-α over the time of treatment and had significantly higher secretion than the untreated Caco-2 cells (P<0.05). The Caco-2 cells treated with E.coli LF82 and 25 or 50 μmol/L EPA for 6 or 12 hours showed a reduction in the secretion of TNF-α with the increasing concentration of EPA and had significantly lower secretion than the Caco-2 cells treated with E.coli LF82 alone (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>EPA can effectively prevent the destruction of tight junction of intestinal epithelial cells induced by E.coli LF82 infection and inhibit the secretion of inflammatory factors. Therefore, it has a certain protective effect on intestinal mucosal barrier.</p>

Comparison of intracranial pressure monitoring and routine monitoring in treatment of severe craniocerebral trauma / 局解手术学杂志

Objective To retrospectively analyze the significance of dynamic intracranial pressure monitoring and routine monitoring in the treatment of severe traumatic brain injury.Methods Forty-two patients with severe craniocerebral trauma who were admitted into our hospital from March 2013 to December 2015 and underwent intracranial pressure monitoring were enrolled in this study as the observation group.Thirty-nine patients with severe traumatic brain injury who were routinely monitored within 3 hours after admission were selected as the control group in the corresponding period.Timely take drugs or surgical treatment according to the monitoring results,and analyzed the clinical efficacy,craniotomy cases,time of admission to craniotomy,and complications of the two groups.Results The cases with good prognosis in the control group was 24 (61.5％) while it was 31 (73.8％) in the observation group,and the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).The cases with poor prognosis in the control group was 15 (38.5％) while it was 11 (26.2％) in the observation group,and the difference was statistically significant(P ＜0.05).Therer were 13 cases (30.1％) of craniotomy in the control group and 5 cases (12.8％) in the observation group with statistically significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).The time of admission to craniotomy in the control group was (24.5 ± 1.7) hours,and it was (18.3 ± 2.4) house in the observation group with statistically significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).The incidence of intracranial infection complication was 9.5％ in the control group and 8％ in the observation group.There was no significant difference between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Invasive intracranial pressure monitoring can reflect the changes of patients in time,which can improve the clinical curative effect and would not increase the incidence of intracranial infection.

Association between social support and self-management behaviors among patients with diabetes in community / 北京大学学报(医学版)

Objective:To study the status quo of directive and nondirective support from family or friends among patients with diabetes in community and to explore the association between directive, nondirective support from family or friends and self-management behaviors.Methods: The data of the subjects were from the Community Diagnosis in Tongzhou District, Beijing survey.Questionnaire-based investigation, physical examination and glycated hemoglobin test were conducted on 474 eligible patients in community.The summary of diabetes self-care activities measure (SDSCA) was adopted to investigate the self-management behaviors, and directive and nondirective support scale among patients with diabetes (DNSS-PD) was adopted to measure the directive and nondirective support among patients with diabetes.Results: A total of 452 patients with diabetes were included in the analysis.The average score of directive support was 2.53±1.07, and only 27.6% patients had high level directive support.The average score of nondirective support was 3.13±1.12 and 50.8% patients had high level nondirective support.The average SDSCA total score was 35.38±14.21 and the corresponding scoring percentage was 45.95%.Only 20.6% patients had optimal self-management.The total score, score of diet and physical activity, general self-management situation, diet self-management situation and physical activity self-management situation of the patients in high level directive support group were significantly better than in low level directive support group.The total score, score of self-management behaviors in five aspects (diet, physical activity, blood glucose self-monitoring, foot care and smoking), general self-management situation, self-management situation of five aspects of patients in high level nondirective support group were significantly better than in low level nondirective support group.Gender (OR=2.729), nondirective support level (OR=4.890), age (OR=0.969) and body mass index (BMI) (OR=0.819) were important influencing factors of self-management behavior.Conclusion: The status quo of self-management among patients with diabetes is not optimistic.Patients obtain more nondirective support than directive support from family and friends.However, the support level of both nondirective and directive support should be improved in the future.Both high level directive support and high level nondirective support had positive correlation with better self-management behaviors.Nondirective support had positive correlation with five aspects of self-management behavior, while directive support had positive relation with self-management behavior in aspects of diet and physical activity.In addition, more consideration and support of self-management should be provided for older obese male patients with diabetes in community, especially nondirective support.

Application of workflow technology to construct automatic rapid drug testing system / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To introduce the implementation method and design ideas to achieve automatic NIR (near-infrared spectroscopy) modeling and comparison function during the construction of "National Rapid Drug Testing Database Network Platform" and investigate and verify the feasibility of constructing the automatic rapid drug testing module using workflow technology. METHODS: Both the scientific data workflow and analysis tool Pipeline Pilot and the basic principle of two quick comparison algorithms of NIR were employed to construct a spectral processing and modeling workflow of drugs. Moreover, validation and comparison were carried out between our method and the instrument workstation software OPUS. RESULTS: The established workflow method was not only consistent with the results of OPUS, but also had the advantages of automation and easinessto use. CONCLUSION: The scientific workflow technology can be used to achieve automatic modeling and comparison function of NIR and easily introduce other chemometrics method in the future.

PMA induces vaccine adjuvant activity by the modulation of TLR signaling pathway.

Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands are being developed for use as vaccine adjuvants and as immunomodulators because of their ability to stimulate innate and adaptive immune responses. Flagellin, a TLR5 ligand, was reported to show potent mucosal vaccine adjuvant activity. To identify ligands that potentiate the adjuvant activity of flagellin, we screened a plant library using HEK293T cells transiently cotransfected with phTLR5 and pNF- κ B-SEAP plasmids. The 90% EtOH extract from Croton tiglium showed significant NF- κ B transactivation in a TLR5-independent manner along with the increase of a flagellin activity. We have studied to characterize an active component from Croton tiglium and to elucidate the action mechanisms. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) was isolated as an active component of Croton tiglium by activity-guided fractionation, column chromatography, HPLC, NMR, and MS. PMA at a range of nM induced PKC-dependent NF- κ B activation and IL-8 production in both TLR5- and TLR5+ assay systems. In in vivo mouse vaccination model, PMA induced antigen-specific IgG and IgA antibody responses and increased IL-12 production corresponding to T cell responses in spleen lymphocytes. These results suggest that PMA would serve as an efficacious mucosal vaccine adjuvant.

Research on Analysis Model for Chemical Drug Standards / 中国药师

Objective: To research and establish an analysis model for chemical drug standards to provide the reference for the standard exploration jobs. Methods:The standard variation was studied by comparing and analyzing every version standard for the same drug to look for the change rule. Results:The standard items of the drug had some change rules in indicator numbers, testing methods and limits according to the order of issue time. The standard development trends could be described by making specific indicators and drawing evolution figures of the items. Conclusion:By the standard analysis model, the same item of the same drug can be compared to provide the reference for data collecting of experts. Meanwhile, formulate standard can be calculated to provide the reference for the standard improvement without drug standards.

Multiple analysis of relationship between morphologic traits and yield formation of Anoectochilus roxburghii / 中国中药杂志

Nine morphologic traits, plant height, ground diameter, leaf length, leaf width, leaf area of plant, leaf fresh weight, blades, length/width ratio, plant fresh weight of Anoectochilus roxburghii from 13 different areas were determined for correlation analysis, path analysis and principal components analysis. Different source of morphological trait variation coefficient of A. roxburghii was 2.96% -12.59%, plant fresh weight was significant positively correlated with ground diameter, plant height and leaf number, and positively correlated with leaf fresh weight. Path analysis showed that plant height had the largest positive direct effect on plant fresh weight, the leaf fresh weight and blades number had indirect effects on the plant fresh weight. Through principal component analysis, morphological traits of A. roxburghii can be divided into "Determinants of high-yielding morphology" and "Determinants of leaf production". In the actual process of production and breeding of A. roxburghii, we should pay attention to plant height, leaf fresh weight, blades numbers and other traits.

Effects of different transplanting conditions on survival rate and growing status of Anoictochilus roxburghii plantlets / 中国中药杂志

The growing status of Anoectochilus roxburghii seedling was observed and the survival rate of seedlings, height, stem diameter and plant fresh weight under the conditions of different transplanting substrate compositions, planting density, shading rate were measured. The results showed that the effects of different transplanting substrates, planting densities, shading rates and nutrient solutions on the growing status of A. roxburghii plantlets varied greatly. A. roxburghii plantlets demonstrated a high survival rate and better growing status under the Following conditions: the ratio of peat and river sand as 2: 1, the planting density as 3 cm x 3 cm, the shading rate as 70%, and the nutrient solution as 1/4MS. The findings of the study provide a solid technical solution for the artificial cultivation of A. roxburghii plantlets.