[Diode-laser photocoagulation in central serous chorioretinopathy]. / Fotocoagularea cu laser dioda în corioretinopatia seroasa centrala--prezentare de caz.

PURPOSE: This case report reveals the effect of the diode laser photocoagulation in Central Serous Chorioretinopathy. CASE REPORT: A 49 years old male has been referred to us for a decrease in the central vision (2/10) for 4 months. The clinical examination of the retina and the angiophluorography have diagnosed a classical form of Central Serous Chorioretinopathy, with a unique leaking point, situated away from the fovea. The focal diode laser photocoagulation of the leaking point has been performed and 6 weeks after treatment, the visual acuity has normalized (10/10) and the angiophluorography has proven no sign of activity. DISCUSSION: The etiopathogenetic, clinical and evolutive aspects of this case are discussed in comparison to the data in the literature. CONCLUSION: The focal diode laser photocoagulation of the leaking point has led to immediate anatomical and functional success in Central Serous Chorioretinopathy.

[Anterior optic neuropathy in Lyme disease, monosymptomatic form]. / Neuropatie optica anterioara unilaterala în cadrul bolil Lyme, forma monosimptomatca--prezentare de caz.

We present the case of a patient (a 21-year-old woman) with acute and complete loss vision of the left eye, and severe periodic left ocular and left orbital pain. Visual, acuity right eye = 20/20. Under steroid and nonsteroid general and local treatment, the visual acuity was improved (VA left eye = 0, 1,n.c.) and a central scotoma was developed. Ophthalmoscopic analysis of the left eye showed elevated and blurred optic disk margins, retinal hemorrhages, venous congestion. The diagnosis of borreliosis was based on clinical and ocular findings and determinations of antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunoblot analysis, the detection of DNA of B.burgdorferi by polymerase chain reaction and exclusion of other infectious and inflammatory causes (tuberculosis, toxoplasmosis, syphilis and sarcoidosis were excluded). The commonly used blood, urine and spinal fluid tests, cerebral MRI and angiofluorography were also done. The patient received oral ceftriaxone 2gr/daily for 4 weeks, 2 cures and Doxycycline 2 gr/daily, 21 days. Under the treatment, the clinical signs had significantly improved (VA left eye = 20/20), but the central scotoma remained. The case is unusual because only one eye was affected (typically decreased visual acuity occurs on both eyes), other signs of the disease were absent, and the recovery under the antibiotic treatment was excellent.

[Cone dystrophy]. / Distrofia conurilor; caz clinic.

In this issue we present the importance of OCT in the diagnosis of macular cones dystrophy.

[Choroidal hemangioma and epiretinal membrane]. / Hemangiom coroidian si membrana epiretiniana.

Choroidal hemangiomas are benign vascular hamartomas developed from birth, but undetected until the 4th and 5th decade. They have been seldom described in association with epiretinal membranes. Here we present a patient with associated pathology choroidal hemangioma with atypical fluorescein angiography pattern, undetected on ocular echography hence the difficulties in establishing a positive diagnosis and epiretinal membrane observed both clinically and on fluorescein angiography. Visual acuity is impaired by cystoid macular edema, with a complicated pathogenetic mechanism.

[Presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome]. / Sindromul histoplasmozei oculare prezumate.

Presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome is a macular hemorrhagic choroiditis of the young adult. The etiology of this syndrome is uncertain, but can be correlated with some positive reactions to histoplasmosis. The study was carried out on 12 patients, each of them was investigated by functional and objective ocular examinations, laboratory tests, fluorescein angiography and ultrasound examinations. The clinical signs of this syndrome of presumed ocular histoplasmosis were: macular focal lesions, subretinian hemorrhages, detachment of the retinal neurosensorial layer, presence of disseminated choroiditis scars and subretinian neovascularization. The correct evaluation of the choriocapillary perfusion is helpful to institute a proper therapy.

[Imagery in secondary glaucomas diagnosis]. / Imagistica în diagnosticul glaucoamelor secundare.

The purpose of this study was to present the actual performances of the imagistic techniques for the complete investigation of secondary glaucoma. For this aim there were selected patients from the Ophthalmologic Clinic Cluj-Napoca. They have been submitted to ultrasound investigations, fluorescein angiography and magnetic resonance imaging techniques. Ultrasound techniques: A-scan, B-scan and Doppler allow to track and discriminate the ocular and orbital diseases which can offer the bases of correct diagnosis in secondary glaucoma. The color Doppler assures a good visualization of neovascularization, tumoral vascularization, arterio-venous abnormalities. Magnetic resonance imaging completes the data obtained by ultrasound and fluorescein angiographique techniques. The imagistic techniques associated with the clinical features offer the bases of the diagnostic and proper therapy in secondary glaucoma.

[Diabetic retinopathy in newly diagnosed patients with type II diabetes mellitus]. / Retinopatia diabetica la pacientii nou diagnosticati cu diabet zaharat tip II.

PURPOSE: To report the prevalence of the diabetic retinopathy in newly diagnosed patients with type II diabetes mellitus and to evaluate the association between the retinopathy and different clinical variables. METHOD: A prospective study including all the newly diagnosed patients with type II diabetes mellitus between January 2001-March 2002 in the evidence of the Diabetes Center from Cluj has been conducted. The fundus appearance, age, sex, incidence of arterial hypertension and the diabetes therapy (diet alone, oral drugs, insulin) have been evaluated. RESULTS: During January 2001-March 2002, 487 patients have been diagnosed with type II diabetes mellitus in Cluj county. Diabetic retinopathy has been identified in 70 of these patients (14.37%). Most of the newly diagnosed patients with type II diabetes mellitus belonged to the age interval: 40-65 years, with an average of 58-59 years. CONCLUSIONS: Among the 70 patients with diabetic retinopathy at the moment of type II diabetes diagnosis, the first place is occupied by the back-ground diabetic retinopathy. (11.70%), followed by the clinically significant macular edema (1.43%), proliferative diabetic retinopathy (1.02%) and preproliferative diabetic retinopathy (0.20%). Systolic and diastolic arterial hypertension has been associated with higher degrees of severity of the diabetic retinopathy.