RESUMEN
An overview of the existing devices on the world market for detecting foci of demineralization and hidden carious cavities is presented, their capabilities and principle of operation are analyzed. Dental morbidity among the children's population in our country remains high, which is largely due to insufficient attention to the identification and registration of initial foci of enamel demineralization. The study made it possible to evaluate the effectiveness of existing hardware methods for early diagnosis of caries in children and adults.
Asunto(s)
Caries Dental , Desmineralización Dental , Adulto , Niño , Caries Dental/diagnóstico , Caries Dental/epidemiología , Esmalte Dental , Diagnóstico Precoz , HumanosRESUMEN
We analyzed associations of polymorphic markers of DNA repair genes (XRCC1, ERCC2), cell cycle control genes (TP53, MDM2, and CDKN1A), methylation of promoter region, and mutation 5382insC of BRCA1 gene in ovarian cancer with effectiveness of platinumbased chemotherapy assessed by the median of progression-free survival time for markers of DNA repair genes and by relapse risk for all studied markers. An increase in the median of progression-free survival time for carriers of the Gln allele (Ñ=0.025) and Gln/Gln genotype (Ñ=0.022) of the Gln399Arg XRCC1 was observed during the 19-months period after chemotherapy. In carriers of C/C genotype of 5382insC mutation of BRCA1 gene (n=6), no relapses were observed (Ñ=0.035), while 17 of 49 patients without this mutation developed relapses. Of 14 patients with BRCA1 gene function inactivation due to promoter methylation or the presence of the C/C genotype of 5382insC, one relapse was observed (p=0.033). Multivariate analysis revealed an association of markers of the XRCC1, TP53, MDM2 genes, BRCA1 gene inactivation, and type of surgery with the risk of relapse during the follow-up period up to 19 months after the end of chemotherapy (Ñ≤0.0007).
Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores de Tumor/genética , Proteínas de Neoplasias/genética , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/genética , Neoplasias Ováricas/genética , Compuestos de Platino/uso terapéutico , Adenocarcinoma de Células Claras/diagnóstico , Adenocarcinoma de Células Claras/tratamiento farmacológico , Adenocarcinoma de Células Claras/genética , Adenocarcinoma de Células Claras/mortalidad , Adulto , Anciano , Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico , Proteína BRCA1/genética , Proteína BRCA1/metabolismo , Biomarcadores de Tumor/metabolismo , Carcinoma Endometrioide/diagnóstico , Carcinoma Endometrioide/tratamiento farmacológico , Carcinoma Endometrioide/genética , Carcinoma Endometrioide/mortalidad , Ciclo Celular/genética , Inhibidor p21 de las Quinasas Dependientes de la Ciclina/genética , Inhibidor p21 de las Quinasas Dependientes de la Ciclina/metabolismo , Cistadenocarcinoma Seroso/diagnóstico , Cistadenocarcinoma Seroso/tratamiento farmacológico , Cistadenocarcinoma Seroso/genética , Cistadenocarcinoma Seroso/mortalidad , Reparación del ADN , Femenino , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Mutación , Proteínas de Neoplasias/metabolismo , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/diagnóstico , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/tratamiento farmacológico , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/mortalidad , Neoplasias Ováricas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Ováricas/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Ováricas/mortalidad , Supervivencia sin Progresión , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-mdm2/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-mdm2/metabolismo , Proteína p53 Supresora de Tumor/genética , Proteína p53 Supresora de Tumor/metabolismo , Proteína 1 de Reparación por Escisión del Grupo de Complementación Cruzada de las Lesiones por Rayos X/genética , Proteína 1 de Reparación por Escisión del Grupo de Complementación Cruzada de las Lesiones por Rayos X/metabolismo , Proteína de la Xerodermia Pigmentosa del Grupo D/genética , Proteína de la Xerodermia Pigmentosa del Grupo D/metabolismoRESUMEN
We studied the association of polymorphic markers of cell cycle control genes (Arg72Pro of the TP53 gene, T(-410)G of the MDM2 gene, and Ser31Arg of the CDKN1A gene) in ovarian cancer and progression-free survival following platinum-based chemotherapy. Tumor tissue samples obtained from 49 patients who had undergone chemotherapy were examined. Patients received standard platinum-based chemotherapy and were observed until disease progression. Polymorphic markers of genes were evaluated by PCR-RFLP and real-time PCR. In patients carrying the G allele of the T(-410)G marker of the MDM2 gene, a decreasing trend was observed in median progression-free survival. An increase in the median progression-free survival was observed in carriers of the Pro allele of the TP53 gene (p=0.045). Furthermore, a stronger association was noted with carriers of the minor Pro/Pro homozygous genotype relative to the Arg/Arg genotype (p=0.007). In the subgroup of patients who underwent optimal or complete cytoreductive surgery, carriage of the minor Arg allele of the Ser31Arg marker (CDN1A gene) was associated with a decrease in the median progression-free survival time (p=0.004).
Asunto(s)
Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapéutico , Carboplatino/uso terapéutico , Carcinoma Epitelial de Ovario/genética , Inhibidor p21 de las Quinasas Dependientes de la Ciclina/genética , Neoplasias Ováricas/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-mdm2/genética , Proteína p53 Supresora de Tumor/genética , Adulto , Anciano , Alelos , Carcinoma Epitelial de Ovario/tratamiento farmacológico , Carcinoma Epitelial de Ovario/mortalidad , Carcinoma Epitelial de Ovario/patología , Inhibidor p21 de las Quinasas Dependientes de la Ciclina/metabolismo , Femenino , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , Frecuencia de los Genes , Genotipo , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias Ováricas/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Ováricas/mortalidad , Neoplasias Ováricas/patología , Paclitaxel/uso terapéutico , Polimorfismo de Longitud del Fragmento de Restricción , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple , Supervivencia sin Progresión , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-mdm2/metabolismo , Resultado del Tratamiento , Proteína p53 Supresora de Tumor/metabolismoRESUMEN
Cervical cancer takes second place in morbidity and third place in mortality from gynecological cancer. Advanced stages among newly diagnosed cases is still large. The "gold standard" of treatment for locally advanced cervical cancer is chemoradiotherapy with cisplatin that results in a lower risk of death. Improvement of radiotherapy methods allowed to bring optimal dose to the primary tumor with the inclusion of regional metastasis areas with less risk of damage to surrounding healthy tissue and organs. The search for alternative combinations of cytostatics, modes of drug administration, adjuvant chemotherapy after chemoradiotherapy showed an increase in survival of patients with locally advanced cervical cancer.
Asunto(s)
Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapéutico , Quimioradioterapia , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/terapia , Quimioradioterapia/métodos , Quimioradioterapia Adyuvante , Cisplatino/administración & dosificación , Ensayos Clínicos como Asunto , Fraccionamiento de la Dosis de Radiación , Esquema de Medicación , Femenino , Fluorouracilo/administración & dosificación , Humanos , Análisis de Supervivencia , Resultado del Tratamiento , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/patología , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/radioterapiaRESUMEN
Given the high rate of recurrence of ovarian cancer, the search for new therapeutic strategies are topical issue. According to various studies the effectiveness of drug treatment relapse depends on the platinum-free interval, increasing in proportion to its duration. If therapy is platinum-resistant recurrent ovarian cancer is a standard approach, the treatment of platinum-sensitive recurrent algorithm is not fully defined. Comparison of platinum and non-platinum combinations revealed the advantage of combined platinum- treatment for patients with platinum-free interval of more than 6 months without an increase in life expectancy. Non-platinum combination of trabected in with pegylated liposomal doxorubicin has shown comparable efficacy with an advantage in overall survival in patients with platinum-free interval of 6-12 months. A platinum-free interval prolongation by the use of non-platinum mode increases the efficiency of subsequent platinum-based therapy, increasing the life expectancy of patients. Currently under study molecular markers and prognostic factors allowing to define a group of patients who have the greatest benefit from the use trabectedin with pegylated liposomal doxorubicin as second-line chemotherapy.