[International register "Analysis of Chronic Non-infectious Diseases Dynamics After COVID-19 Infection in Adult Patients (ACTIV SARS-CoV-2)"].

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[Comparative evaluation of antiplatelet efectiveness drugs of original and reproduced enteric forms of acetylsalicylic acid (clinical study ICAR))].

The purpose of the study was a comparative study of antiplatelet activity of acetylsalicylic acid drugs, produced in gastro-resistant form trombopol 75 mg and aspirin cardio 100 mg in patients with high risk of cardiovascular events. Effect of trombopol 75 mg versus 100 mg aspirin cardio on platelet aggregation in 30 patients with high risk of cardiovascular events during 3 week treatment period was studied. Design method: blind, randomized, crossover method. Three weeks before the initial therapy, for those patients, who received antiplatelet platelet therapy at the time of inclusion in the study, this therapy was withdrew ("wash-out period"), after which patient was given one of the study drug (sequence of courses was s determined according to the scheme of randomization) with the recommendation of taking it daily in the morning at the same time. At each visit, before the next dose of the drug, blood samples for determination of ADP-induced platelet aggregation were taken, physical examination, measurement of blood pressure (BP) and heart rate were recorded, adverse events were recorded. Follow-up visit was performed 3 weeks later. 21 days after first study drug withdrawal, a second similar course of therapy with another drug was performed. Antiplatelet efficacy of aspirin was assessed by its effect on spontaneous and ADP- induced platelet aggregation. Aggregation activity was determined by turbidometric method by changing of translucent ability of the blood sample during the formation of aggregates after 2 minutes of exposure. As an inducer of aggregation ADP solutions of three concentrations (0.5, 1 and 2 mM) were used. No significant difference between compared drugs in influence on aggregation ability of platelets after 3 weeks of daily intake was found. No adverse events associated with taking of studied drugs were registered. It was concluded that, generic APD - trombopol 75 mg and aspirin cardio 100 mg were equivalent on antiplatelet efficacy and tolerability.

Refolding of scFv mini-antibodies using size-exclusion chromatography via arginine solution layer.

The method for refolding of mini-antibodies using size-exclusion chromatography via arginine solution layer was developed. This method allows to refold scFv, to separate both aggregated protein and low molecular weight compounds and to isolate functionally active protein preparation in monomeric form. The comparison of various scFv preparations isolated either from inclusion bodies or from soluble fraction revealed that refolded mini-antibodies demonstrate higher antigen-binding activity. Mini-antibodies refolded in the presence of arginine also demonstrate higher electrophoretic mobility during native PAGE in comparison with soluble cytoplasmic antibodies. Both soluble as well as refolded antibodies had similar CD spectra. Refolded mini-antibodies are storage-stable.

[Structural changes in wild-type Cry3A delta-endotoxin and its mutants in ethyl alcohol solutions at pH 2-2.5].

The methods of circular dichroism, scanning microcalorimetry, electron microscopy, and proteolysis were used to study the ability of wild-type Cry3A-delta-endotoxin and three mutant toxins with cysteine substitutions in helices alpha3 and alpha4 (domain I) to form oligomeric structures in acidic alcohol solutions that reproduce the premembrane environment. At pH 2-2.2 and 20% ethanol, the mutant toxins with single substitutions E132C (alpha3) and E160C (alpha4), as well as the double mutant E132C/S160C with a cysteine bridge connecting helices alpha3 and alpha4, form short linear oligomers specific for Cry3A with a high content of the beta-structure and enhanced sensitivity to proteolysis with pepsin. The data obtained show that the formation of oligomeric structures of this type does not require any divergence of helices alpha3 and alpha4 in domain I of the Cry3A toxin. It has been demonstrated that, at higher pH values in 20% solution of ethanol, the proteins studied are in a metastable state, and their ability to form oligomeric structures depends on temperature.

[Rational approach to selection of antihypertensive therapy in persons with metabolic syndrome: efficacy of monotherapy with spirapril and its combination with retard form of nifedipine].

AIM: Achievement of target blood pressure (BP) levels in subjects with metabolic syndrome (MS) by the method of stepwise antihypertensive therapy and assessment of metabolic effects of combination of spirapril and nifedipine retard. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Patients (n=20, 12 women, 8 men, mean age 54+/-3 years) with MS were first given spirapril (6 mg/day). Nifedipine retard (40 mg/day) was added if target BP was not achieved after 4 weeks. Study duration was 12 weeks. The following parameters were measured at baseline and at study end: heart rate, blood pressure, body mass, waist circumference, parameters of lipid spectrum, content of insulin including index HOMA IR, blood glucose (fasting and during oral glucose tolerance test). RESULTS: Target BP levels were achieved in 18 patients (90%)--in 11 with moexipril monotherapy, in 9--after addition of nifedipine. Lowering of systolic and diastolic BP from baseline was 11 and 14%, respectively. After 3 months of combination antihypertensive therapy triglyceride levels decreased by 28% while high density lipoprotein cholesterol (CH) increased 6%. Total, low density lipoprotein CH and coefficient of atherogenecity did not change as well as fasting blood glucose after fast and oral glucose tolerance test. Concentration of fasting immunoreactive insulin significantly decreased by 34% entailing 35% decrease of insulin resistance. Therapy was well tolerated, side effects were transitory and did not cause withdrawal of treatment. CONCLUSION: In patients with MS and mild hypertension monotherapy with spirapril and combination of spirapril with nifedipine retard caused lowering of BP to target level in 55 and 90%, respectively. Combination of spirapril and nifedipine retard exerts positive metabolic action.

[Structural-functional changes of myocardium and hemodynamic disturbances in patients with metabolic syndrome: contribution of arterial hypertension in formation of total coronary risk].

AIM: To assess in the aggregate hemodynamic peculiarities and changes of the myocardium as well as contribution of hypertension in formation of coronary risk in metabolic syndrome (MS). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Patients (n=290) with hypertension of I-II degree and duration > or = 5 years were subjected to laboratory (parameters of lipid spectrum, glucose and insulin levels) and instrumental (24-hour blood pressure monitoring, echocardiography) examination. Criteria of MS were fasting insulin > 18 mcU/ml and/or glucose/insulin ratio < 6; blood pressure (BP) > or = 140/90 mm Hg; triglycerides > or = 200 mg/dl and/or high density lipoprotein cholesterol < 39 mg/dl; body mass index > 25 kg/m(2) with waist/hip circumference ratio > or = 0.95 (for men) or > or = 0.80 (for women); impaired glucose tolerance according to WHO criteria. PROCAM model was used for calculation of total coronary risk. RESULTS: 37% of patients with hypertension had all components of MS. Hypertension took third place among contributors to formation of total coronary risk with input of 20%. Diastolic BP positively correlated with triglycerides, total cholesterol, index of insulin resistance and parameters of abdominal obesity. Mean 24 hour systolic and pulse BP in patients with MS were significantly higher than in a group of patients with hypertension without metabolic disturbances. Patients with MS had thicker left ventricular posterior wall and interventricular septum what was associated with increased end-systolic and end-diastolic dimensions as well as myocardial mass of the left ventricle. CONCLUSION: In patients with MS 24 hour BP profile is impaired at the account of high pulse BP and lack of nocturnal lowering of systolic and diastolic BP and is associated with concentric left ventricular hypertrophy.

[Structural changes in Cry3A delta-endotoxin from Bacillus thuringiensis var. Tenebrionis in alcohol solutions at pH 2.0].

Conformational changes in Cry3A delta-endotoxin caused by three different alcohols (ethanol, butanol, and isopropanol) were studied using the methods of circular dichroism, scanning microcalorimetry, and electron miscroscopy. It was shown that, in addition to the standard decrease in the native structure stability, the alcohols can cause a conformational transition that results in a sharp increase in the beta-structure content and a change in the environment of aromatic residues. The conformational transition is accompanied by intermolecular association, which leads to the appearance of oligomers in the form of short filaments. When the alcohols were removed, the oligomers dissociated again into monomers, but it is likely that the native structure either is not restored or is restored only in a small portion of molecules. The oligomer structure is rather cooperative, and its thermostability is higher than that of the initial structure. The disruption of this structure upon heating, observed as a heat absorption peak, is reversible.

[Effect of combined antihypertensive and lipid lowering therapy on the level of coronary risk and tissue insulin resistance in patients with metabolic syndrome]. / Perspektivy korrektsii proiavlenii metabolicheskogo sindroma: vliianie sochetannoi gipotenzivnoi i gipolipidemicheskoi terapii na uroven' summarnogo koronarnogo riska i tkanevuiu insulinorezistentnost'.

AIM: To assess effect of combined antihypertensive and lipid lowering therapy on main characteristics of metabolic syndrome and total coronary risk. MATERIAL: Seventy five patients with metabolic syndrome aged 40-59 years were included into an open study with parallel groups in which the following combinations of lipid lowering and antihypertensive drugs were used for sweeksinch: atorvastatin + perindopril (n=17, group 1); simvastatin + atenolol (n=17, group 2); fenofibrate + atenolol (n=21, group 3), and simvastatin + indapamide (n=20, group 4). Systolic and diastolic blood pressures (BP), blood serum concentrations of total cholesterol (CH), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) CH, glucose and immunoreactive insulin were measured before and after treatment. Total coronary risk was calculated according to the PROCAM model. RESULTS: Treatment was associated with decreases of systolic and diastolic BP (from 11% in group 1 to 18,4% in group 2), lowering of total CH (by one third in groups 1 and 2, by 20% in groups 3 and 4), and triglycerides (by 2 times in group 3 and by 7-21% in other groups). Increases of HDL CH were observed in groups 2-4. There were no significant changes of markers of insulin resistance. Baseline total coronary risk was high (37%). Treatment was accompanied with lowering of total risk by 57.4-70%. CONCLUSION: Combined antihypertensive and lipid lowering therapy leads to pronounced lowering of high coronary risk in metabolic syndrome.

[Sex and age differences in the subjective assessment of time by preschoolers]. / Polovye i vozrastnye razlichiia v sub''ektivnoi otsenke vremeni det'mi-doshkol'nikami.

Time perception was studied in children under school age from 2.5 to 6 years. Using cross-modal matching, the children assessed durations of 1-, 3-, 5-, 7-, and 10-sec sound signals. It was found out that children under school age, irrespective of sex, more accurately estimated the extreme durations in the internal range (1 and 10 sec). In contrast to girls, boys reveal a clear-cut tendency to minimize the variability of assessments with age. Nevertheless, this tendency is not related with the attention level.

[Prognosis of the effectiveness of electroimpulse therapy of auricular fibrillation according to the roentgenocardiometric data]. / Prognozirovanie effektivnosti elektroimpul'snoi terapii mertsatel'noi aritmii po dannym rentgenokardiometrii.

The purpose of the work was to investigate the relationship between immediate results of the electroimpulse therapy and such roentgenocardiometric data as the voloume of the heart, the cardio-thoracic index, Moore's coefficient, the extent of the left atrium enlargement and of the radius of the contrasted esophagus deviation. An analysis of the experience gained with 197 defibrillation of the heart in patients with rheumatic heart diseases complicated by auricular fibrillation bears proof to a high degree of reliability achieved through inclusion of roentgenocardiometric data in prognosing the resultant effect of the electroimpulse therapy.

[Operative and postoperative neurological complications in heart surgery]. / Operatsionnye i polseoperatsionnye nevrologicheskie oslozhneniia u bol'nykh pri operatsiiakh na serdtse

Intraoperative and postoperative neurologic complications in cardiosurgical patients refer to grave cerebral affections which aggravate markedly the operative issue and prognosis for patients' life. In 525 operations on the heart and major vessels neurologic complications were noted in 47 patients. In 21 of them death was directly caused by these complications. The character of cerebral lesions (brain hypoxia, acute disorders in the cerebral circulation) and their frequency were conditioned by the kind of operative interventions and characteristic features of the cardiovascular pathology. Routine prophylactic measures and their results are described.