A Pandemic Risk Perception Scale.

We propose a Pandemic Risk Perception Scale. Our scale comprises two constructs, Dread Risk and Personal Exposure, divided into five dimensions: Infection Risk, Emotional Health Risk, Health System Risk,Financial Risk, and Alimentary Risk. Using multidimensional item response theory, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation modeling on two samples of respondents, our results show that Alimentary Risk, Health System Risk, and Emotional Health Risk are the main dimensions of risk perception for the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, Infection Risk has a minor impact on the pandemic's risk perception, suggesting the presence of different dynamics between personal and general risk perceptions for the COVID-19 pandemic.

Perda de Bem-Estar Financeiro na Pandemia Covid-19: evidências preliminares de um Websurvey / Loss of Financial Well-Being in the Covid-19 Pandemic: first evidences from a Websurvey

Avaliar a perda de Bem-Estar Financeiro em virtude da pandemia. Foi realizado um websurvey com cidadãos brasileiros e os dados foram analisados a partir de estatísticas descritivas e testes de diferença de média. Os resultados indicam a perda de Bem-Estar Financeiro principalmente para os indivíduos que tiveram uma diminuição ou uma perda total da renda desde a pandemia. Os indivíduos com maiores quedas são os que possuem dependentes, sem estabilidade empregatícia, com menores rendas e que não possuíam reservas financeiras antes da pandemia. A perda de Bem-Estar Financeiro é um problema de saúde pública na medida em que se relaciona com outros aspectos da vida, como níveis de bem-estar geral, felicidade, satisfação, relacionamento social e qualidade de vida, e pode estar associado com aumento da ansiedade e depressão.

To assess the loss of Financial Well-being due to the pandemic. A websurvey was conducted with Brazilian citizens and the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and tests of mean difference. The results indicate the loss of Financial Well-Being occurs mainly for individuals who have had a decrease or a total loss of income since the pandemic. Individuals with the greatest falls in the level of financial Well-being are those who have dependents, have no job stability, with lower incomes and that did not have financial reserves before the pandemic. The loss of Financial Well-being is a public health problem once it relates to other aspects of life such as levels of general Well-Being, happiness, satisfaction, social relationship and quality of life, and may be associated with increased anxiety and depression.

Loss of financial well-being in the COVID-19 pandemic: Does job stability make a difference?

This article aims to assess the loss of financial well-being in the COVID-19 pandemic. The developed theoretical model identifies the impacts of the perception of financial risk and financial anxiety on financial well-being. It also seeks, through a comparative analysis, to assess whether public servants, due to their status of job stability in Brazil, are less likely to have the effects of the pandemic than private employees. A survey was carried out on 1222 Brazilians with structural equation modeling and multi-group invariance tests. The results indicate that lower financial well-being is influenced by the level of financial anxiety and financial risk. Public servants perceive fewer losses in financial well-being, anxiety and risks than other professions. In the pandemic context, where the risks of unemployment and loss of income are increased, job stability works like an insurance, allowing public servants greater financial security and then minor losses of financial well-being. Evidence indicates that in countries where a large percentage of workers have temporary or informal jobs, the challenge of reducing the financial impacts of the pandemic will be great. Interventions to alleviating anxiety and public policies of income transfer and reduction of unemployment are instruments to reduce the loss of financial well-being.