Dynamics of Structural Parameters and Accumulation of Collagen Fibrils in Rat Lung after Inhalations of Surfactant-BL at Various Terms of Bleomycin-Induced Alveolitis.

Rats were subjected to surfactant-BL inhalations at the early and late phases of bleomycininduced alveolitis. In both regimens, the drug reduced the severity of inflammation. In the acute phase of alveolitis, the therapeutic effect of inhalation was accompanied by activation of the synthesis of fine lose collagen fibrils. In the late phase of alveolitis, inhalation of surfactant-BL thickened the fibrils and diminished their population in alveolar walls.

Effectiveness of correction of bleomycin-induced lung injury by early and late administration of surfactant-BL.

Rats were exposed to inhalation of surfactant-BL starting from the first or eighth day after intratracheal administration of bleomycin. At the early stages, the preparation effectively attenuated damage to ultrastructural components of the lung tissue and reduced the severity and extent of subsequent pulmonary pathology.

Therapeutic efficiency of early and late administration of surfactant-BL during bleomycin-induced damage to rat lungs.

Surfactant-BL was administered to rats via the inhalation route from day 1 or day 8 after intratracheal injection of bleomycin. Bronchoalveolar lavage and morphological characteristics of the lungs were compared. Administration of surfactant-BL at the early terms efficiently reduced the severity of bleomycin-induced alveolitis and atelectases.

[Monotonous and wave-form changes in the myelogram of rats over a 24-hour period]. / Monotonnye i volnoobraznye izmeneniia mielogrammy krys v techenie sutok.

Circadian changes of the mean value of each component of rat myelogram and of the proliferative pool of bone marrow cells were obtained. These changes were imposed on a monotonous decrease in the case of subpopulations of granulocytes or on a monotonous increase in the case of subpopulations of the erythroid cells and lymphocytes (from 12.00 to 09.00 next day). This process was not influenced by the elimination of the lymphocytes from the individual myelograms. These myelogram changes appeared to be due to the circadian mature cell production rhythm and flows of the lymphocytes and of mature granulocytes between the bone marrow and the peripheral blood. These changes also suggest the antiphase monotonous correction of the erythrocytic and granulocytic precursors production during several days.

[The mechanism of the formation of a circadian rhythm of bone marrow proliferation in rats]. / O mekhanizme formirovaniia sutochnogo ritma proliferatsii kostnogo mozga u krys.

Flow cytofluorimetry and statmokinetic method were used to study the circadian rhythm of bone marrow proliferation in Pliss' lymphosarcoma-bearing and intact rats. These data were compared to those obtained in the study of the mitotic activity of the bone marrow in cancer patients. It was found that, already at early stage, tumor affected the circadian rhythm of bone marrow proliferation, reducing the amplitude of oscillations. A model simulating formation of the circadian rhythm of the bone marrow was suggested basing on the possibility to arrest cells at the end of G1 phase. The rate of transition of G1 cells to S phase was determined not only by endogenous "set-points" of the rhythm which formed the basic wave of proliferation but also by conditions of animal upkeep.

[Role of stromal microenvironment in the regulation of bone marrow hemopoiesis after curantyl administration]. / Izuchenie roli stromal'nogo mikrookruzheniia v reguliatsii kostnomozgovogo gemopoéza pri vvedenii kurantila.

Role of the stromal microenvironment in regulation of bone marrow hemopoiesis at the administration of the thrombocyte disaggregant curantyl was studied by the method of heterotopic transplantation of the mice bone marrow. It is shown that the action of curantyl on hemopoiesis is realised through the stem stromal cells of the bone marrow. It is noted that the inhibitory action of the preparation on proliferation of osteogenic precursor-cells is followed by activation of bone resorption processes in regenerating ectopic hemopoietic organ. Under the action of curantyl at low bone marrow cellularity in the focus of heterotopic hemopoiesis and femur an increase of mitotic activity in hemopoietic elements is noted. It is revealed that a phenomenon of ineffective megakaryocytopoiesis with intramedullary destruction of megakaryocytes leads to the local excretion of the thrombocyte released growth factor (TRGF) which has a compensatory character.

[Effect of autologous marrow transplantation on bone marrow recovery following large-field fractionated irradiation of dogs]. / Vliianie automielotransplantatsii na vostanovlenie kostnogo mozga posle krupnopol'nogo fraktsionirovannogo oblucheniia sobak.

After large-field fractionated irradiation of dogs at a cumulative dose of 54 Gy, a stable bone marrow depletion occurs persisting for a year following irradiation. The automyelotransplantation after the end of the exposure elicits a transient recovery of the exposed bone marrow, 1.5-2 months after the beginning of irradiation, followed by a secondary depletion of the exposed haemopoietic sites. The control and the automyelotransplanted animals exhibited bone marrow recovery one year and six months after irradiation, respectively, the cellularity being maintained at a high level for 3 years of observation.

[Hematopoietic changes during fractional large-field irradiation of dogs with a subsequent bone marrow autograft]. / Izmenenie krovetvoreniia pri fraktsionirovannom krupnopol'nom obluchenii sobak s primeneniem autotransplantatsii kostnogo mozga.

After the course of fractional large field irradiation of large volumes of bone marrow is completed (a total dose of 54 Cy), autotransplantation from the nonirradiated area of bone marrow contributes to a quicker restoration of blood cells amount injured at early stages after irradiation. The complete restoration of haemopoiesis is observed in a year, and in animals with automyelotransplantation--after a half of the year and remains at the same level for 3 years.

[Effect of endotoxin on the migration of hematopoietic colony-forming cells and on the repopulation of hematopoietic organs in partially irradiated mice]. / Vliianie éndotoksina na migratsiiu gemopoeticheskikh kolonieobrazuiushchikh kletok i na repopuliatsiiu krovetvornykh organov u chastichno obluchennykh myshei.

In experiments on (CBA X C57BL)F1 hybrids it was shown that the administration of sublethal doses of endotoxin to locally exposed (spleen, 9 Gy) animals enhanced the repopulation of the exposed haemopoietic tissue (spleen and bone marrow). It is concluded that endotoxin has a favourable action on the recovery of haemopoiesis of partially irradiated mice which confirms the idea of the possibility of using stimulators instead of autotransplantation of bone marrow from intact parts.

[Correlation of spleen colony formation and changes in spleen weight during its recovery in irradiated mice]. / Sootnoshenie selezenochnogo kolonieobrazovaniia i izmeneniia massy selezenki pri ee vosstanovlenii u obluchennykh myshei.

In experiments on (CBA X C57Bl)F1 and BALB/c mice it was shown that with the spleen mass increasing, due to exo- and endorepopulation, during the postirradiation regeneration of the spleen, the number of splenic colonies also increases to a certain level. When the spleen mass reaches 1/3 of that lost after irradiation the number of discrete colonies decreases. When the spleen mass is restored to about 1/2 solitary colonies do not form at all. The spleen mass can considerably exceed the normal level in conditions of intensive repopulation.

[Morphological changes after large-field irradiation of dogs and autologous bone marrow transplantation]. / Morfologicheskie izmeneniia pri krupnopol'nom obluchenii sobak i vozdeistvii automielotransplantatsii.

The effect of an automyelotransplant taken from a nonirradiated area of bone marrow has been studied after large fields irradiation in dogs. Certain changes occurring in the hemopoietic organs and in some other vitally important organs have been revealed. The automyelotransplantation contributes to a quicker repopulation of the bone marrow and stimulates lymphoid hemopoiesis in the spleen; that plays a positive role in overcoming the bone marrow syndrome at radiation illness. In other organs (gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, lungs, heart) given various doses of irradiation, in the control and test (with automyelotransplantation) groups similar morphological changes have been revealed.

[State of several rat hematopoietic organs following total and subtotal irradiation and after bone marrow autotransplantation]. / Sostoianie nekotorykh organov krovetvoreniia krys pri total'nom i subtotal'nom obluchenii i pri autotransplantatsii kostnogo mozga.

Hemopoiesis was studied in rats after x-ray irradiation. Lethal doses of 800--820 R were applied totally, with screening the shin and with subsequent autotransplantation of bone marrow taken from noninjured hemopoietic tissue. Survival of the animals and status of hemopoietic organs (quantitative indices of the peripheral blood, bone marrow and the spleen, as well as morphological changes in hemopoietic organs) served as tests. All totally irradiated animals died by the 20th day, the 30th day in the group of screened animals 32% survived, in the group with autotransplantation of bone marrow--62%. According to the indices studied restoration of hemopoiesis proceeded more quickly and completely in the group with autotransplantation of bone marrow and somewhat slower in the group with screening the shin (but without autotransplantation); this was accompanied by repopulation of bone marrow comparing with the totally irradiated animals. Restoration of the hemopoietic organs was followed by a comparatively rapid increase in the number of myeloid cells, while the number of lymphoid cells increased more slowly.

[Use of autologous bone marrow taken from a shielded area at different times after irradiation]. / Ispol'zovanie autologichenogo kostnogo mozga, vziatogo iz ékranirovannogo uchestka v raznye sroki posle oblucheniia

It was shown that in X-irradiation of rats in the absolute lethal dose (850 R) shielding of the shank saved 32% of the animals from death. Bone marrow autotransplantation from the shielded portion immediately after the irradiation augmented the shielding effect considerably. Such protective action of autotransplantation persists if conducted in the course of the first 5 days after the irradiation, but it decreases later (on the 7th-10th day).