[Study of tooth shade in Black Africans]. / Etude de la teinte des dents des noirs africains.

The 243 sample prospective study shows specifities about black African teeth shade particularly the colour. The results after the use of a study mixed shader composed from three standard shaders are; first: the sequence from the clearest tooth to the less is: central incisor, lateral incisor. Second: the maxillary teeth shade is clearer than the mandibulars. Third, 16% teeth shade not be conducted to determine the objective parameters for black African dentogenics. Therefore: esthetic restorative treatment will be more efficient.

[Why should we use plaster for the prime impression in complete removable prosthodontics]. / Pourquoi une empreinte primaire mucostatique au platre en prothese amovible totale.

This thirty years literature review about removable complete denture prime impressions show that the plaster static impression is better. This product doesn't induce abnormal pressure on the biologic and anatomic support structures of the prosthesis. The plaster for impression physical properties is adapted to reproduce the details needed by the laboratory to manufacture the individual impression tray for the definitive functional impression. The only precaution is to follow the method. Our clinical experiences advise us to propose RIGNON-BRET (10, 11) simple plaster impression techniques. The one case where it is forbidden is when the patient has recently been treated by radiotherapy. All the other materials induce irritated pressure on the alveolar bone and consequently the second functional pressure added the stability of the denture may be defected.

[Comparative metric study of the edentulous dental arch in black Africans and white Europeans]. / Etude métrique comparative de l'arcade mandibulaire de l'édente total noir Africain et du blanc Europeen.

The current 89 samples comparative study shows that the mandible arch is different statistically in Blacks and Whites populations. African Blacks mandible dimensions are superior considering both inter retromolar tubercles measurements and the arch length. Therefore, the impression trays manufacturing should be reconsidered for Blacks prosthetic rehabilitation.

[Ricketts' chi point as reference element in orienting the occlusal plane in the black African patient]. / Le point Xi de Ricketts comme élément référentiel dans l'orientation du plan d'occlusion chez le sujet negro-africain.

In removable complete prosthesis, the RICKETTS' Xi point is used as posterior determinant during the occlusal line reconstruction. In dentulous subject, the crossing of this line nearness to this point definite the Lo-Xi segment. The cephalometric study of this distance from 17 linear and angular variables, has been undertaken on 50 Africans melanoderm subjects. The statistic analysis of correlation and multiple regression shows that Lo-Xi is the resultant of the posterior molars stops of occlusion, the anterior incisive reference point to the base of the skull. The point appears very unsettled from and an individual to another. So, it can't be used as a credible reference in black Africans.

[The complexion and color of teeth in a Black African population. Apropos of a sample of 240 subjects]. / Carnation et teinte des dents chez le sujet africain mélanoderme. A propos d'un échantillon de 240 sujets.

From a sample divides in five groups of different skin colours, the authors determine, by the visual method, the shade of incisives, canines and first premolars. This study allows to confirm the harmony between the anterior teeth among African melanoderme subjects. Then, it underlines a possible relation between the skin colour and the teeth's shade. In fact, the shade of the teeth seems to evolve in the opposite direction of the colour of the skin in the experimental sample.