[Fatty acid content of the lipid fraction of the liver and fatty tissues of fattened geese]. / Sudurzhanie na mastni kiselini v lipidnata fraktsiia na cheren drob i tlustini ot ugoeni guski.

The content of fatty acids in the lipid fraction of the liver and in the body fats of fattened gray Landen geese. Determinations were carried out with a gas chromatography Chrom 41 supplied with Determinations were carried out with a gas chromatograph Chrom 41 supplied with a flame-ionization detector. It was found that the average content of fatty acids (saturated and unsaturated) as expressed by percent of their total amount was 45.90% and 54.10% (liver), 36.58% and 63.42% (subcutaneous fatty tissue), 42.79% and 57.31% (inner lard), and 39.01% and 60.99% (skin fats).

[Quality and nutritive value of the liver from fattened local geese]. / Kachestvo i khranitelna stoinost na cheren drob ot ugoeni mestni guski.

A research-and-economic experiment was carried out with a total of 8,621 geese of local breeds of 3.964 kg average body mass, fattened forcedly with steamed grain maize in the course of 20-30 days. The dynamic of a number of qualities was followed up with special emphasis on the live weight from the beginning to the end of the fattening period, the weight gain, the mass and quality of liver, and the intake of feed per kg of gain and per kg of liver mass. Determined was also the nutritive value of proteins contained in the liver as judged by the index of the amino acid ratio (tryptophan to hydroxyproline). It was found that local geese could be characterized by good fattening capacity, yielding high-quality liver of excellent organoleptic indices and high nutritive value at a comparatively low intake of feed.

[Ergotrophic action of flavophospholipol during the fattening of geese]. / Ergotropnoto deistvie na flavofosfolipola pri ugoiavane na guski.

Experiments were carried out with a total of 144 geese of the Benkovska breed divided into 6 groups of 24 birds each. The average weight was 3.5 kg, the birds being compulsory fattened with steamed maize over an average period of 27 days. Flavophospholipol (flavofarm-NIHFI) was given at rates of 0, 4, 8, 12, and 16 ppm. The method of positive control check was employed--a group which was offered zinc-bacitracin--(bacifarmin) at 30 ppm. Under the effect of flavophospholipol the weight gain was 2.2 to 21.2 per cent higher, and the weight of the liver rose by 1.4-23.1 per cent. The intake of maize per kg of gain dropped by 2.5 to 15.7 per cent, and it was 1.8 to 16.9 per cent lower per kg of liver. When flavophospholipol was given at 16 ppm, a maximum effect was produced--21.0 percent higher gain, 23.1 per cent increase of the liver weight, 15.7 per cent drop of maize intake per kg of gain, and 16.9 per cent drop of maize intake per kg of liver. With geese that were offered bacifarmin these indices were 3.3, 11.9,, 4.8, and 10.7 per cent, respectively. The amount of flavophospholipol used correlated positively with its ergotropic effect. The liver quality with geese treated with flavophospholipol and bacifarmin was higher. No residual amounts of flavophospholipol were found in the meat, liver and viscera of the treated birds.

[Microbiological research on the meat and liver from fattened geese]. / Mikrobiologichni prouchvaniia na meso i cheren drob ot ugoeni guski.

Microbiologic studies were carried out on the meat and liver of fattened geese that were slaughtered with no sanitary restrictions. Established were the total counts of aerobically growing mesophiles as well as those of coliform, enterococcus, staphylococcus, and micrococcus organisms. The species composition of the isolated bacteria was also determined. It was shown that the investigated samples of the liver and of the pectoral and femoral muscles were free from Salmonella bacteria and pathogenic staphylococci, sulfite-reducing clostridia and Bacterium proteus.

[Histological changes in the liver of Benkovska breed geese during the fattening period]. / Vurkhu khistologichnite promeni v cherniia drob na benkovskata guska prez perioda na ugoiavaneto.

Studies were carried out to follow up the histologic changes taking place in the liver of Benkovska breed geese during different periods of fattening. A correlation was established between the period of fattening and the severity of the liver lesions. During the preparatory period there was in the hepatocytes focal fatty infiltration, and by the 5th-10th day of the forced fattening diffuse fatty infiltration and fatty and granular degeneration were seen. On the 15th-20th day of the fattening period predominating in the dystrophic hepatocytes were the medium-sized fatty vacuoles, and on the 28th day - the larger vacuoles, which corresponds to Ist quality in terms of weight and macroscopic picture. The enrichment of the liver with fats was accompanied by lymphocytic and pseudoeosinophilic leukocyte infiltration of the interstitium.

[Weight and chemical makeup of the liver of geese during fattening]. / Prouchvaniia vurkhu tegloto i khimichniia sustav na cheren drob ot guski po vreme na ugoiavane.

Experiments were carried out with regard to certain changes in the liver of geese during their fattening period. The observations were made before the fattening of the geese, namely on the 5th , 10th, 15th, 20th, 25th and 33rd days of the fattening. It was established that during the fattening period the weight of the liver was constantly increasing, especially between the 20th and 25th days. During the fattening their water contents decreased. This tendency was most pronounced after the period of pecking was over. As the process of fattening advanced, the dry substance in the liver increased and the highest increase (by 10.21%) was observed during the interval between the 15th and 20th days. The percentage of the total lipids in the liver increased progressively up to 18.9 times. In the case of unfattened geese the satiated free butyric acids prevailed. In the process of fattening their quantity decreased, whereas that of the unsatiated butyric acids increased.