[The peptide analogue of neurotensin with antipsychotic and pro-cognitive effects: results of the pilot clinical trial]. / Peptidnyi analog neirotenzina s antipsikhoticheskimi i prokognitivnymi svoistvami: rezul'taty pilotnogo klinicheskogo issledovaniia.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the psychotropic specific spectrum activity of the novel peptide drug dilept and to find its effective doses in patients with schizotypal disorder. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The effects of dilept were studied in 25 patients (33.4±10.0 years old) with schizotypal disorder (F21.3) with predominance of obsessive-compulsive, hypochondriac, phobic symptoms, mild cognitive impairment and negative symptoms. Patients were treated with dilept 60, 120 and 200 mg daily for 14 days as monotherapy (with allowance of phenazepam up to 2 mg single doses for insomnia and anxiety) followed by combined treatment with phenazepam in the case of insufficient effectiveness of dilept monotherapy. The Positive and Negative Syndrome scale (PANSS), Psychopathological Symptom Severity scale, Clinical Global Impression scale (CGI) and Wechsler Adult Intelligence scale (WAIS-R) were used as outcome measures. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Dilept demonstrated the unique spectrum of psychotropic activity: antipsychotic with stimulating action, favorable effect on negative symptoms and cognitive dysfunction. Treatment action was the most evident when dilept was used in the dose 200 mg/day. There was no evidence of any side-effects known to be typical for antipsychotics. The efficacy of dilept and phenazepam combination is dependent on dilept's antipsychotic and pro-cognitive effects, while benzodiazepine lacks these effects.

[Cognitive processes in patients with different structure of anxiety disorders]. / Osobennosti kognitivnykh protsessov u bol'nykh s razlichnoi strukturoi trevozhnykh rasstroistv.

AIM: To study the relationship between cognitive functions and psychopathological disturbances in anxiety disorders. MATERIAL AND METHODS: WAIS, the modified Witkin's Embedded figures test, a symptom scale (Yu.A. Aleksandrovsky et al. 1984) were administered to 111 patients, including 37 with generalized anxiety disorders (GAD, ICD-10 F41.1), 36 with anxiety-phobic disorders (AFD, ICD-10 F40) and 38 with anxiety-hypochondriac disorders (AHD, ICD-10 F45.2), and to 114 healthy people. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A distinct trend towards an increase of cognitive impairment depending on an increase in the complicity of psychopathological picture was observed as follows: GAD - AFD - AHD. A decrease in visual-motor coordination and visual attention was found in patients with GAD. In AFD patients, besides disturbances characteristic of GAD, there was a decrease on the WAIS Vocabulary subtest. In AHD patients, there was a decrease in analytic and synthetic abilities. The heterogeneity of changes in cognitive processes and the structure of their correlations with psychopathological symptoms in anxiety disorders was revealed as follows: a decrease in some parameters of cognitive processes in anxiety disorders with mild structure, an increase in cognitive dysfunction and in a number of correlations in anxiety disorders with more complex psychopathological picture, higher scores on the WAIS Block design task.