Origin and dispersal history of Hepatitis B virus in Eastern Eurasia.

Hepatitis B virus is a globally distributed pathogen and the history of HBV infection in humans predates 10000 years. However, long-term evolutionary history of HBV in Eastern Eurasia remains elusive. We present 34 ancient HBV genomes dating between approximately 5000 to 400 years ago sourced from 17 sites across Eastern Eurasia. Ten sequences have full coverage, and only two sequences have less than 50% coverage. Our results suggest a potential origin of genotypes B and D in Eastern Asia. We observed a higher level of HBV diversity within Eastern Eurasia compared to Western Eurasia between 5000 and 3000 years ago, characterized by the presence of five different genotypes (A, B, C, D, WENBA), underscoring the significance of human migrations and interactions in the spread of HBV. Our results suggest the possibility of a transition from non-recombinant subgenotypes (B1, B5) to recombinant subgenotypes (B2 - B4). This suggests a shift in epidemiological dynamics within Eastern Eurasia over time. Here, our study elucidates the regional origins of prevalent genotypes and shifts in viral subgenotypes over centuries.

Enhancing the Spin Hall Effect of Cylindrically Polarized Beams.

Two linked gear wheels in a micromachine can be simultaneously rotated in opposite directions by using a laser beam that has in its section areas the spin angular momentum (SAM) of the opposite sign. However, for instance, a cylindrical vector beam has zero SAM in the focus. We alter a cylindrical vector beam so as to generate areas in its focus where the SAM is of opposite signs. The first alteration is adding to the cylindrical vector beam a linearly polarized beam. Thus, we study superposition of two rotationally symmetric beams: those with cylindrical and linear polarization. We obtain an expression for the SAM and prove two of its properties. The first property is that changing superposition coefficients does not change the shape of the SAM density distribution, whereas the intensity changes. The second property is that maximal SAM density is achieved when both beams in the superposition have the same energy. The second perturbation is adding a spatial carrier frequency. We study the SAM density of a cylindrical vector beam with a spatial carrier frequency. Due to periodic modulation, upon propagation in space, such a beam is split into two beams, having left and right elliptic polarization. Thus, in the beam transverse section, areas with the spin of different signs are separated in space, which is a manifestation of the spin Hall effect. We demonstrate that such light beams can be generated by metasurfaces, with the transmittance depending periodically on one coordinate.

Denosumab induction and Zoledronic acid maintenance therapy for recurrent unresectable giant cell tumour of the distal tibia: A case report with sustained tumour control after drug withdrawal.

A 31-year-old woman was diagnosed with a recurrent and rapidly growing giant cell tumour of distal tibia with skin ulceration after intralesional curettage. The patient started on Denosumab 120 mg subcutaneously, once per month with additional loading doses on Days 8 and 15 attempting to avoid below-knee amputation. Twelve doses of Denosumab were administered in 9 months, resulting in resolution of pain, reduction of tumour size and calcification. Hence, the local surgical treatment was delayed and bisphosphonate maintenance therapy was initiated as skin healing was incomplete. The patient was given Zoledronic acid infusions at a dose of 4 mg. After the third infusion, the skin healed. As tumour remained stable, it was decided to continue maintenance. Overall, six doses of Zoledronic acid at 6 months intervals were administrated over 3 years. At the end of the maintenance, the patient experienced no pain and satisfied with her limb function. Since the lesion remained stable over 3 years after Denosumab discontinuation, it was suggested to stop further medical treatment and proceed to active surveillance. The patient's disease is still stable clinical remission with no serious adverse events 41 months after Denosumab cessation and 10 months after the last bisphosphonate infusion. The present case confirmed the high effectiveness of denosumab as induction therapy in advanced recurrent giant cell tumour. We speculate that following the Denosumab-induced tumour ossification, high Zoledronic acid uptake in lesion may prevent tumour reactivation due to its improved pharmacodynamics with an assumed irreversible anti-tumoral effect on residual mutated cells. This hypothesis requires confirmation in future studies.

A new remarkable species of Xyletinus Latreille, 1809 (Coleoptera: Ptinidae: Xyletininae) from southern Kazakhstan.

Xyletinus (Xeronthobius) diaphanus sp. n. from southern Kazakhstan is described, illustrated, and compared with the known members of the subgenus.

Cool carriers: triplet diffusion dominates upconversion yield.

Perovskites have gained popularity both as the active material in photovoltaics and as bulk triplet sensitizers for solid-state triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion (TTA-UC). Prior to widespread implementation into commercial photovoltaics, an in-depth understanding of the environmental influences on device performance is required. To this point, the temperature-dependent structure-function properties of TTA-UC within methylammonium formamidinium lead triiodide (MAFA)/rubrene UC devices are explored. A strong temperature dependence of the underlying UC dynamics is observed, where the maximum UC efficiency is achieved at 170 K, reflecting the competition between triplet diffusion length, diffusion rate, and triplet-triplet encounter events. A combination of spectroscopic and structural methods and theoretical modelling illustrates that despite the significantly increased carrier lifetime of the perovskite at low temperatures, the TTA-UC dynamics are not governed by the underlying sensitizer properties but rather limited by the underlying triplet diffusion.

Genetic History of the Altai Breed Horses: From Ancient Times to Modernity.

This study focuses on expanding knowledge about the genetic diversity of the Altai horse native to Siberia. While studying modern horses from two Altai regions, where horses were subjected to less crossbreeding, we tested the hypothesis, formulated on the basis of morphological data, that the Altai horse is represented by two populations (Eastern and Southern) and that the Mongolian horse has a greater genetic proximity to Eastern Altai horses. Bone samples of ancient horses from different cultures of Altai were investigated to clarify the genetic history of this horse breed. As a genetic marker, we chose hypervariable region I of mitochondrial DNA. The results of the performed phylogenetic and population genetic analyses of our and previously published data confirmed the hypothesis stated above. As we found out, almost all the haplotypes of the ancient domesticated horses of Altai are widespread among modern Altai horses. The differences between the mitochondrial gene pools of the ancient horses of Altai and Mongolia are more significant than between those of modern horses of the respective regions, which is most likely due to an increase in migration processes between these regions after the Early Iron Age.

Spin Hall Effect in the Paraxial Light Beams with Multiple Polarization Singularities.

Elements of micromachines can be driven by light, including structured light with phase and/or polarization singularities. We investigate a paraxial vectorial Gaussian beam with multiple polarization singularities residing on a circle. Such a beam is a superposition of a cylindrically polarized Laguerre-Gaussian beam with a linearly polarized Gaussian beam. We demonstrate that, despite linear polarization in the initial plane, on propagation in space, alternating areas are generated with a spin angular momentum (SAM) density of opposite sign, that manifest about the spin Hall effect. We derive that in each transverse plane, maximal SAM magnitude is on a certain-radius circle. We obtain an approximate expression for the distance to the transverse plane with the maximal SAM density. Besides, we define the singularities circle radius, for which the achievable SAM density is maximal. It turns out that in this case the energies of the Laguerre-Gaussian and of the Gaussian beams are equal. We obtain an expression for the orbital angular momentum density and find that it is equal to the SAM density, multiplied by -m/2 with m being the order of the Laguerre-Gaussian beam, equal to the number of the polarization singularities. We consider an analogy with plane waves and find that the spin Hall affect arises due to the different divergence between the linearly polarized Gaussian beam and cylindrically polarized Laguerre-Gaussian beam. Application areas of the obtained results are designing micromachines with optically driven elements.

Hall Effect at the Focus of an Optical Vortex with Linear Polarization.

The tight focusing of an optical vortex with an integer topological charge (TC) and linear polarization was considered. We showed that the longitudinal components of the spin angular momentum (SAM) (it was equal to zero) and orbital angular momentum (OAM) (it was equal to the product of the beam power and the TC) vectors averaged over the beam cross-section were separately preserved during the beam propagation. This conservation led to the spin and orbital Hall effects. The spin Hall effect was expressed in the fact that the areas with different signs of the SAM longitudinal component were separated from each other. The orbital Hall effect was marked by the separation of the regions with different rotation directions of the transverse energy flow (clockwise and counterclockwise). There were only four such local regions near the optical axis for any TC. We showed that the total energy flux crossing the focus plane was less than the total beam power since part of the power propagated along the focus surface, while the other part crossed the focus plane in the opposite direction. We also showed that the longitudinal component of the angular momentum (AM) vector was not equal to the sum of the SAM and the OAM. Moreover, there was no summand SAM in the expression for the density of the AM. These quantities were independent of each other. The distributions of the AM and the SAM longitudinal components characterized the orbital and spin Hall effects at the focus, respectively.

Spin Hall Effect in Paraxial Vectorial Light Beams with an Infinite Number of Polarization Singularities.

Elements of micromachines can be driven by light, including structured light with phase and/or polarization singularities. We investigate here a paraxial vector Gaussian beam with an infinite number of polarization singularities residing evenly on a straight line. The intensity distribution is derived analytically and the polarization singularities are shown to exist only in the initial plane and in the far field. The azimuthal angle of the polarization singularities is shown to increase in the far field by π/2. We obtain the longitudinal component of the spin angular momentum (SAM) density and show that it is independent of the azimuthal angle of the polarization singularities. Upon propagation in free space, an infinite number of C-points is generated, where polarization is circular. We show that the SAM density distribution has a shape of four spots, two with left and two with right elliptic polarization. The distance to the transverse plane with the maximal SAM density decreases with decreasing distance between the polarization singularities in the initial plane. Generating such alternating areas with positive and negative SAM density, despite linear polarization in the initial plane, manifests the optical spin Hall effect. Application areas of the obtained results include designing micromachines with optically driven elements.

Double and Square Bessel-Gaussian Beams.

We obtain a transform that relates the standard Bessel-Gaussian (BG) beams with BG beams described by the Bessel function of a half-integer order and quadratic radial dependence in the argument. We also study square vortex BG beams, described by the square of the Bessel function, and the products of two vortex BG beams (double-BG beams), described by a product of two different integer-order Bessel functions. To describe the propagation of these beams in free space, we derive expressions as series of products of three Bessel functions. In addition, a vortex-free power-function BG beam of the mth order is obtained, which upon propagation in free space becomes a finite superposition of similar vortex-free power-function BG beams of the orders from 0 to m. Extending the set of finite-energy vortex beams with an orbital angular momentum is useful in searching for stable light beams for probing the turbulent atmosphere and for wireless optical communications. Such beams can be used in micromachines for controlling the movements of particles simultaneously along several light rings.

Commercial articulated collaborative in situ 3D bioprinter for skin wound healing.

In situ bioprinting is one of the most clinically relevant techniques in the emerging bioprinting technology because it could be performed directly on the human body in the operating room and it does not require bioreactors for post-printing tissue maturation. However, commercial in situ bioprinters are still not available on the market. In this study, we demonstrated the benefit of the originally developed first commercial articulated collaborative in situ bioprinter for the treatment of full-thickness wounds in rat and porcine models. We used an articulated and collaborative robotic arm from company KUKA and developed original printhead and correspondence software enabling in situ bioprinting on curve and moving surfaces. The results of in vitro and in vivo experiments show that in situ bioprinting of bioink induces a strong hydrogel adhesion and enables printing on curved surfaces of wet tissues with a high level of fidelity. The in situ bioprinter was convenient to use in the operating room. Additional in vitro experiments (in vitro collagen contraction assay and in vitro 3D angiogenesis assay) and histological analyses demonstrated that in situ bioprinting improves the quality of wound healing in rat and porcine skin wounds. The absence of interference with the normal process of wound healing and even certain improvement in the dynamics of this process strongly suggests that in situ bioprinting could be used as a novel therapeutic modality in wound healing.

Spin Hall Effect of Double-Index Cylindrical Vector Beams in a Tight Focus.

We investigate the spin angular momentum (SAM) of double-index cylindrical vector beams in tight focus. Such a set of beams is a generalization of the conventional cylindrical vector beams since the polarization order is different for the different transverse field components. Based on the Richards-Wolf theory, we obtain an expression for the SAM distribution and show that if the polarization orders are of different parity, then the spin Hall effect occurs in the tight focus, which is there are alternating areas with positive and negative spin angular momentum, despite linear polarization of the initial field. We also analyze the orbital angular momentum spectrum of all the components of the focused light field and determine the overwhelming angular harmonics. Neglecting the weak harmonics, we predict the SAM distribution and demonstrate the ability to generate the focal distribution where the areas with the positive and negative spin angular momentum reside on a ring and are alternating in pairs, or separated in different semicircles. Application areas of the obtained results are designing micromachines with optically driven elements.

Tailoring the Topological Charge of a Superposition of Identical Parallel Laguerre-Gaussian Beams.

In optical computing machines, data can be transmitted by optical vortices, and the information can be encoded by their topological charges. Thus, some optical mechanisms are needed for performing simple arithmetic operations with the topological charges. Here, a superposition of several parallel identical Laguerre-Gaussian beams with single rings is studied. It is analytically and numerically shown that if the weighting coefficients of the superposition are real, then the total topological charge of the superposition is equal to the topological charge of each component in the initial plane and in the far field. We prove that the total topological charge of the superposition can be changed by the phase delay between the beams. In the numerical simulation, we demonstrate the incrementing and decrementing the topological charge. Potential application areas are in optical computing machines and optical data transmission.

Orbital angular momentum of paraxial propagation-invariant laser beams.

For propagation-invariant laser beams represented as a finite superposition of the Hermite-Gaussian beams with the same Gouy phase and with arbitrary weight coefficients, we obtain an analytical expression for the normalized orbital angular momentum (OAM). This expression is represented also as a finite sum of weight coefficients. We show that a certain choice of the weight coefficients allows obtaining the maximal OAM, which is equal to the maximal power of the Hermite polynomial in the sum. In this case, the superposition describes a single-ringed Laguerre-Gaussian beam with a topological charge equal to the maximal OAM and to the maximal power of the Hermite polynomial.

Propagation of a multi-vortex beam: far-field diffraction of a Gaussian beam from a multi-fork phase grating.

In this work, the far-field propagation of multi-vortex beams is investigated. We consider diffraction of a Gaussian wave from a spatial light modulator (SLM) in which a multi-fork grating is implemented on it at the waist plane of the Gaussian wave. In the first-order diffraction pattern a multi-vortex beam is produced, and we consider its evolution under propagation when different multi-fork gratings are implemented on the SLM. We consider two different schemes for the phase singularities of the implemented grating. A topological charge (TC) equal to l1 is considered at the center of the grating, and four similar phase singularities all having a TC equal to l2=l14 (or l2=-l14) are located on the corners of a square where the l1 singularity is located on the square center. Some cases with different values of l1, and consequently l2, are investigated. Experimental and simulation results show that if signs of the TCs at the corners and center of the square are the same, the radius of the central singularity on the first-order diffracted beam increases, and it convolves the other singularities. If their signs are opposite, the total TC value equals zero, and at the far-field, the light beam distribution becomes a Gaussian beam. For determining the TCs of the resulting far-field beams, we interfere experimentally and by simulation the resulting far-field beams with a plane wave and count the forked interference fringes. All the results are consistent.

Dividing the Topological Charge of a Laguerre-Gaussian Beam by 2 Using an Off-Axis Gaussian Beam.

In optical computing machines, many parameters of light beams can be used as data carriers. If the data are carried by optical vortices, the information can be encoded by the vortex topological charge (TC). Thus, some optical mechanisms are needed for performing typical arithmetic operations with topological charges. Here, we investigate the superposition of a single-ringed (zero-radial-index) Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) beam with an off-axis Gaussian beam in the waist plane. Analytically, we derive at which polar angles intensity nulls can be located and define orders of the optical vortices born around these nulls. We also reveal which of the vortices contribute to the total TC of the superposition and which are compensated for by the opposite-sign vortices. If the LG beam has a TC of m, TC of the superposition is analytically shown to equal [m/2] or [m/2] + 1, where [] means an integer part of the fractional number. Thus, we show that the integer division of the TC by two can be done by superposing the LG beam with an off-axis Gaussian beam. Potential application areas are in optical computing machines and optical data transmission.

Optical Polarization Sensor Based on a Metalens.

We investigated an optical microsensor of the polarization state of a laser light based on a metalens. In contrast to known polarization sensors based on metasurfaces that deflect different polarization types using various angles to the optical axis, the studied polarization sensor generated different patterns in the metalens focus to realize varied polarization states: left circular polarization generated a light ring in the focus, right circular polarization generated a circular focal spot, and linear polarization generated an elliptic spot with two sidelobes. Moreover, the tilt angle of the linear polarization matched the tilt angle of the elliptic focal spot. The simulation results were consistent with the theoretical predictions. A metalens with a diameter of several tens of microns was designed and fabricated in a thin amorphous silicon film with a thickness of 120 µm and a low aspect ratio, high numerical aperture, and short focal distance equal to a wavelength of 633 nm.

Monograph on the Cillaeinae (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) from the Australian Region with comments on the taxonomy of the subfamily.

General review of the taxonomy and composition of the subfamily Cillaeinae with description of Conotelini trib. nov. (type genus: Conotelus Erichson, 1843 with some necessary notes on the position and rank of some recent and fossil taxa are given. The rank of the following supraspecific taxa are changed: former subgenus Paracillaeopsis Kirejtshuk, 2001 is now regarded as a separate genus (stat. nov.) and former genus Grouvellepeplus Kirejtshuk, 2001 is considered to be a subgenus (stat. nov.) of the genus Liparopeplus Murray, 1864. There is completed a revision of all cillaeine genera and species found in Australia and some others from adjacent territories, including the genera Adocimus Murray, 1864 with new subgenus Belonotus subgen. nov. (type species: Adocimus (Belonotus) bartenevi sp. nov.), Allenipeplus Kirejtshuk et Kovalev 2016, Brachypeplus Erichson, 1842, Brittonoma Kirejtshuk et Kovalev, 2016, Caledomus Kirejtshuk et Kovalev, 2017, Cillaeopeplus, Ithyphenes Murray, 1864, Laferollaeus gen. nov. (type species: Laferollaeus angustissimus sp. nov.), Matthewsianus gen. nov. (type species: Brachypeplus olliffi Blackburn, 1902), Onicotis Murray, 1864 and Oniphenes gen. nov. (type species: Oniphenes lobanovi sp. nov.). The following new species are described: Adocimus (Belonotus) bartenevi sp. nov., Brachypeplus instriatus sp. nov. B. makarovi sp. nov., B. nypicola sp. nov., Cillaeopeplus rectinotus sp. nov., C. temporalibus sp. nov., Ithyphenes australiaensis sp. nov., I. marinae sp. nov., I. rectifrons sp. nov., Matthewsianus polinae sp. nov., Oniphenes bicoloratus sp. nov., O, lobanovi sp. nov. and O. subunicolor sp. nov. The systematic placement is re-defined for the following species: Adocimus (Belonotus) modiglianii (Grouvelle, 1897), comb. nov. (former Cillaeus Laporte, 1835), A. (B.) nitidulus (Grouvelle, 1897), comb. nov. (former Brachypeplus), Brachypeplus cascus Powell et Cline, 2021, comb. nov. (former Palaeopeplus Powell et Cline, 2021), Brittonoma mandibulare (Kirejtshuk, 2011), comb. nov. and B. pygidiatum (Kirejtshuk, 2011), comb. nov. (former Brittonema Kirejtshuk, 2011), Campsopyga xanthura (Murray, 1864), comb. nov. (former Hypodetus Murray, 1864), Cillaeopeplus rastrus (Gillogly, 1962), comb. nov. (former Cillaeus), Ithyphenes angustus (Grouvelle, 1917), comb. nov. (former Platynema Ritsema, 1885), I. breviceps (Murray, 1864), comb. nov. (former Orthogramma Murray, 1864), I. dentipes (Murray, 1864), comb. nov. (former Orthogramma), I. fissiceps (Murray, 1864), comb. nov. (former Orthogramma), I. fuscipennis (Murray, 1864), comb. nov. (former Orthogramma), I. japonicus (Hisamatsu, 1985), comb. nov. (former Platynema), I. longiceps (Murray, 1864), comb. nov. (former Orthogramma), I. olliffi (Ritsema, 1885), comb. nov. (former Platynema), I. planiceps (Murray, 1864), comb. nov. (former Orthogramma), I. puncticeps (Murray, 1864), comb. nov. (former Orthogramma), I. ritsemai (Grouvelle, 1897), comb. nov. (former Orthogramma), I. saundersii (Murray, 1864), comb. nov. (former Orthogramma) and Matthewsianus olliffi (Blackburn, 1902), comb. nov., (former Brachypeplus). The following generic and species names are considered to be junior synonyms (senior synonym listed first): Brachypeplus Erichson, 1842 = Palaeopeplus Powell et Cline, 2021, syn. nov.; Ithyphenes Murray, 1864 = Platynema Ritsema, 1885, syn. nov.; Adocimus bellus Murray, 1864 = A. nigripennis Reitter, 1880, syn. nov. and A. dimidiatus Reitter, 1877, syn. nov.; Nitidulopsis aequalis Walker, 1858 = Brachypeplus (Selis) pallidus Dasgupta et Pal, 2019, syn. nov. and B. (S.) riang Dasgupta, Pal et Hodge, 2015, syn. nov.; Brachypeplus (Brachypeplus) obesus Grouvelle, 1895 = B. (B.) arengae Kirejtshuk, 1994, syn. nov. and very probably B. (B.) registernus Dasgupta et Pal, 2019; Brachypeplus (Selis) apicalis Murray, 1864 = B. (S.) fimbriatus Reitter, 1880, syn. nov.; B. (S.) dorsalis Grouvelle, 1897 = B. (S.) decoratus Grouvelle, 1917, syn. nov. and very probably B. (S.) ornatus Grouvelle, 1914; Brachypeplus (Tasmus) basalis: Murray, 1864 = B. (T.) brevicornis Sharp, 1878, syn. nov.; Brachypeplus (Tasmus) binotatus Murray, 1864 = B. cowleyi Blackburn, 1902, syn. nov. = B. koebelei Blackburn, 1902 and B. murrayi Macleay, 1873, syn. nov.; Brachypeplus kemblensis Blackburn, 1902 = Brachypeplus mauli Gardner et Clasey, 1962, syn. nov.; Brachypeplus (Brachypeplus) macLeayi Murray, 1864 = B. inquilinus Lea 1912, syn. nov.; Brachypeplus olliffi Blackburn, 1902 = B. insignis Lea, 1925, syn. nov. Because of insufficiency of available material the synonymy of Brachypeplus (Brachypeplus) nitidulus Grouvelle, 1897 and Cillaeus modiglianii Grouvelle, 1897 (currently both in Adocimus (Belanotus subgen. nov.)) is considered preliminary. The recent studies of additional specimens make it possible to consider Brachypeplus apicalis Murray, 1864 and B. dorsalis Grouvelle, 1897 (previously synonymized by Kirejtshuk, 2005) as separate species. The lectotypes of the following species are designated: Adocimus nigripennis Reitter, 1880, Brachypeplus barronensis Blackburn, 1902, B. basalis Erichson, 1842, B. Cowleyi Blackburn, 1902, B. inquilinus Lea, 1912, B. insignis Lea, 1925, B. kemblensis Blackburn, 1902, B. Koebelei Blackburn, 1902, B. Murrayi Macleay, 1873, B. Olliffi Blackburn, 1902, B. planus Erichson, 1842, B. wattsensis Blackburn, 1902, B. xanthorrhoeae Lea, 1925, Brachypeplus (Brachypeplus) nitidulus Grouvelle, 1897, B. (B.) obesus Grouvelle, 1895, B. (Selis) apicalis Murray, 1864, B. (S.) caudalis Murray, 1864, B. (S.) dorsalis Grouvelle, 1897, B. (S.) fimbriatus Reitter, 1880, B. (Tasmus) binotatus Murray, 1864, B. (T.) blandus Murray, 1864, B. (T.) brevicornis Sharp, 1878, Cillaeus Modiglianii Grouvelle, 1897, Ithyphenes Bouchardi Grouvelle, 1907, I. Gestroi Reitter, 1880, Brachypeplus (Onicotis) auritus Murray, 1864, Orthogramma breviceps Murray, 1864, O. dentipes Murray, 1864. O. fuscipennis Murray, 1864 and Platynema Olliffi Ritsema, 1885 are designated. The composition of the genus Ithyphenes and synonymy of the names proposed for it (Orthogramma Murray, 1864, nec R.L., 1817 et Guene, 1852 and Platynema) are discussed and substantiated. The erroneous identification of Brachypeplus macleayi invasive pest of bees in U.S.A. is corrected (Sagili et al. 2016 published these data with the wrong name Brachypeplus basalis). The mature larvae of Brachypeplus aff. instriatus sp. nov. and Onicotis auritus are described. The key to genera of the cillaeine genera from Australia and adjacent territories, and also keys to Australian and Tasmanian species of the genera Brachypeplus, Ithyphenes and Oniphenes gen. nov. are presented.

A new species of the genus Dendrolasiophilus Nomura, 2010 from the south of the Russian Far East (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Pselaphinae).

Dendrolasiophilus subitus sp. nov. from the Russian Far East is described and illustrated. Some nomenclatural notes on the genus Dendrolasiophilus Nomura, 2010 are given.

Effects of high intensity non-ionizing terahertz radiation on human skin fibroblasts.

For the first time, the data have been obtained on the effects of high-intensity terahertz (THz) radiation (with the intensity of 30 GW/cm2, electric field strength of 3.5 MV/cm) on human skin fibroblasts. A quantitative estimation of the number of histone Н2АХ foci of phosphorylation was performed. The number of foci per cell was studied depending on the irradiation time, as well as on the THz pulse energy. The performed studies have shown that the appearance of the foci is not related to either the oxidative stress (the cells preserve their morphology, cytoskeleton structure, and the reactive oxygen species content does not exceed the control values), or the thermal effect of THz radiation. The prolonged irradiation of fibroblasts also did not result in a decrease of their proliferative index.