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1.
Contact Dermatitis ; 2024 Jul 17.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39021264

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Permanent tattooing is the invasive introduction of tattoo ink (pigments) into the dermis. The ink and aftercare cosmetics applied on pre-damaged skin may contain skin sensitisers. OBJECTIVES: To identify patient characteristics and the pattern of sensitisation in tattooed patients patch tested within the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Comparative analysis of patient characteristics and reaction frequencies to baseline series allergens in 1648 consecutive patients with and 8045 consecutive patients without permanent tattoos. Non-overlapping 95%-confidence intervals were considered as significant. RESULTS: Having permanent tattoos was related with female sex, age <40 years, tobacco smoking, atopic dermatitis, (occupational) hand dermatitis and being employed in particular occupational groups (e.g., healthcare workers, mechanics, hairdressers). Sensitisation to nickel was increased in tattooed patients and associated with female sex (OR 4.23 [95%-CI, 3.48-5.18]), age ≥40 years (OR 1.26 [95%-CI, 1.08-1.49]), tobacco smoking (OR 1.19 [95%-CI, 1.01-1.40]) and having permanent tattoos (OR 1.27 [95%-CI, 1.05-1.53]). CONCLUSIONS: The association between nickel sensitisation and permanent tattoos is probably confounded by past reactions to pierced costume jewellery. Socio-economic factors most probably contribute to the connection between tattoos, tobacco smoking, occupational or hand dermatitis, and being employed in particular occupational groups.

2.
J Hosp Infect ; 133: 81-88, 2023 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36682626

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: One major concern in hospitalized patients is acquiring infections from pathogens borne on surfaces, patients, and healthcare workers (HCWs). Fundamental to controlling healthcare-associated infections is identifying the sources of pathogens, monitoring the processes responsible for their transmission, and evaluating the efficacy of the procedures employed for restricting their transmission. AIM: To present a method using the bacteriophage Lambda (λ) to achieve these ends. METHODS: Defined densities of multiple genetically marked λ phages were inoculated at known hotspots for contamination on high-fidelity mannequins. HCWs then entered a pre-sanitized simulated hospital room and performed a series of patient care tasks on the mannequins. Sampling occurred on the scrubs and hands of the HCWs, as well as previously defined high-touch surfaces in hospital rooms. Following sampling, the rooms were decontaminated using procedures demonstrated to be effective. Following the conclusion of the simulation, the samples were tested for the presence, identity, and densities of these λ phages. FINDINGS: The data generated enabled the determination of the sources and magnitude of contamination caused by the breakdown of established infection prevention practices by HCWs. This technique enabled the standardized tracking of multiple contaminants during a single episode of patient care. Unlike other biological surrogates, λ phages are susceptible to common hospital disinfectants, and allow for a more accurate evaluation of pathogen transmission. CONCLUSION: Whereas our application of these methods focused on healthcare-associated infections and the role of HCW behaviours in their spread, these methods could be employed for identifying the sources and sites of microbial contamination in other settings.


Asunto(s)
Bacteriófago lambda , Infección Hospitalaria , Humanos , Infección Hospitalaria/prevención & control , Hospitales , Transmisión de Enfermedad Infecciosa de Profesional a Paciente/prevención & control , Personal de Salud
3.
Heliyon ; 7(4): e06714, 2021 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33912707

RESUMEN

Salmonella spp. remains a wide-spread pathogen among pig herds and its control has major impact on food borne Salmonella infections in humans. The objective of the study was to investigate the influence of an Enterisol® Ileitis vaccination on Salmonella seroprevalence in Lawsonia intracellularis (L. intracellularis) and Salmonella spp. co-infected pig herds under field conditions. This study compared vaccinated and non-vaccinated pigs of consecutive piglet batches, housed on four different finishing units. Prior to study start, endemic field infections of L. intracellularis and Salmonella spp. were confirmed by serology in the nursery and in all finishing units. Field infection of L. intracellularis occurred at the middle of the nursery phase. In total twenty-five batches of finishing pigs were included in the study, pigs were investigated for four (non-vaccinated group, n = 9) or six months (vaccinated group, n = 16). The primary outcome parameter was Salmonella serology (antibody titers) at the end of fattening. Secondary parameters comprised serology for L. intracellularis and performance parameters, including average daily weight gain (g), duration of fattening period (days), feed conversion (kg/kg) and mortality (%). A total of 709 blood samples were assessed, deriving from vaccinated (n = 439) and non-vaccinated finishing pigs (n = 270). Evaluation of the antibody titers demonstrated that vaccination significantly reduced the Salmonella seroprevalence in the finishing pigs on all four farms. The average OD% values were reduced from 32.7% to 13.4% in addition to a reduced variability in the vaccinated pigs compared to the control group. The Salmonella category of all finishing farms improved by at least one category in accordance with the German Salmonella monitoring program. In addition, vaccination had a positive tendency on the average daily weight gain, fattening duration and reduced mortality. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that vaccination with Enterisol® Ileitis has a positive and direct impact on reduction of Salmonella infection in co-infected herds.

4.
Unfallchirurg ; 123(11): 890-895, 2020 Nov.
Artículo en Alemán | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32821978

RESUMEN

This article reports on the case of a rare combination injury of a C3 pelvic ring fracture (Malgaigne's fracture) and simultaneous unstable traumatic spondylolisthesis (Meyerding grade 2) of the lumbosacral spine. The patient had pronounced neurological deficits of the lower extremities and tearing of the thecal sac. The selected primary and secondary surgical treatment algorithm of the polytraumatized patient as well as the course are described and critically discussed on the basis of the sparsely available literature.


Asunto(s)
Fracturas Óseas , Huesos Pélvicos , Espondilolistesis , Humanos , Vértebras Lumbares/diagnóstico por imagen , Vértebras Lumbares/cirugía , Región Lumbosacra , Huesos Pélvicos/diagnóstico por imagen , Huesos Pélvicos/lesiones , Huesos Pélvicos/cirugía , Pelvis , Columna Vertebral , Espondilolistesis/diagnóstico por imagen , Espondilolistesis/cirugía
5.
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol ; 34(9): 2086-2095, 2020 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32003071

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The diagnostic significance of the atopy patch test for the management of dermatitis possibly triggered by aeroallergens is still controversial. However, sufficiently large studies with routinely tested standardized aeroallergen patch test preparations in dermatitis patients are lacking. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the reaction frequency and the reaction profiles of 10 until mid-2015 commercially available, standardized aeroallergen patch test preparations of the 'Stallerpatch' test series (Stallergenes, Antony Cedex, France) in a large multicentre patient cohort. METHODS: A retrospective data analysis of patients with suspected aeroallergen-dependent eczematous skin lesions was performed, who were patch tested in 15 Information Network of Departments of Dermatology-associated clinics between 2000 and 2015. Patients were stratified according to their atopic dermatitis (AD) status. RESULTS: The study group included 3676 patients (median age 41 years, 34.8% males, 54.5% AD). The most common aeroallergens causing positive patch test reactions were Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (19.6%), Dermatophagoides farinae (16.9%), birch (6.2%), timothy grass (6.0%), cat dander (5.4%), mugwort (4.9%) and dog dander (4.6%). Reactions to other pollen allergen preparations, that is 5 grasses (3.2%), cocksfoot (2.1%) and plantain (1.6%), were less common. Positive patch test reactions to aeroallergens were consistently more frequent in patients with AD. These patients showed proportionally less dubious, follicular, irritant and weak positive reactions. Independent of AD status, a patient history of past or present allergic rhinitis was associated with an increased chance of a positive aeroallergen patch test reaction to pollen allergens. CONCLUSION: The aeroallergen patch test is a useful add-on tool in clinical routine, especially in patients with AD and/or respiratory allergy. A patch test series comprising Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides farinae, birch, timothy grass, cat dander and mugwort seems to be suitable. Controlled studies with specific provocation and elimination procedures are required to further evaluate the diagnostic significance of the proposed screening series.


Asunto(s)
Alérgenos , Animales , Gatos , Perros , Femenino , Francia , Alemania/epidemiología , Humanos , Masculino , Pruebas del Parche , Estudios Retrospectivos , Suiza/epidemiología
6.
Epidemiol Infect ; 146(4): 465-467, 2018 03.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29429424

RESUMEN

We compared rotavirus detection patterns before (2001-2006) and after (2008-2015) rotavirus vaccine introduction. We also compared rotavirus detection patterns in odd (2009, 2011, 2013, 2015) and even (2008, 2010, 2012, 2014) years post-vaccine separately. Results of stool rotavirus antigen testing from inpatient, outpatient and emergency department encounters from July 2000 to July 2015 at two paediatric hospital laboratories in Atlanta, Georgia were reviewed. Post-vaccine, rotavirus detection declined (30.2% vs. 13.7% (overall 54.6% decline, P <0.001)), occurred more frequently outside the rotavirus season (19.8% vs. 3.5%; P < 0.001), and was more common among older children (26 vs. 13 median months of age; P < 0.001). During odd years post-vaccine, rotavirus detection was significantly higher than even years (20.2% vs. 6.4%; P < 0.001). Rotavirus detection declined substantially and developed a biennial pattern in the post-vaccine era. The intensity and temporality of rotavirus detection in odd years post-vaccine resembled that observed pre-vaccine, although considerably reduced in magnitude.


Asunto(s)
Hospitales Pediátricos , Infecciones por Rotavirus/epidemiología , Infecciones por Rotavirus/prevención & control , Vacunas contra Rotavirus/administración & dosificación , Preescolar , Femenino , Georgia/epidemiología , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino
7.
Infection ; 45(2): 165-170, 2017 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27530391

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: Treatment guidelines often do not advocate testing for integrase inhibitor resistance associated mutations (IRAM) before initiation of first line ART given the extremely low prevalence of mutations found in older surveillance studies. We aimed to describe the prevalence of IRAM in Austrian patients recently diagnosed with HIV in the 5 years following introduction of integrase inhibitors and to analyse trends and factors associated with their detection. METHODS: Samples of antiretroviral treatment (ART) naïve patients recently diagnosed with HIV in Austria between 2008 and 2013 were analysed for the existence of IRAM and drug penalty scores were calculated to estimate response to drugs. Demographic and virological data were extracted from a database. Descriptive and comparative statistics were used. RESULTS: A total of 303 samples were analysed. 78 % were male and mean age was 38 years. Overall prevalence of IRAM was 2.3 %. Six percent had at least potentially low-level resistance to raltegravir or elvitegravir, versus 1 % for dolutegravir. One primary mutation was observed (F121Y) in a patient sample from 2012 leading to 5-10-fold reduced susceptibility to raltegravir and elvitegravir. Two patients carried the accessory mutations E138K and G140A, respectively, where both lie on the Q148 pathway. No temporal trend of IRAM prevalence was observed (p = 0.16). DISCUSSION: Primary IRAM are still rarely found despite the increasing use of INSTI in Austria, but there is a potential for reduced susceptibility to these drugs in selected patients. Routine resistance testing seems prudent to avoid the consequences including accumulation of further mutations and therapeutic failure.


Asunto(s)
Farmacorresistencia Viral , Infecciones por VIH/virología , Integrasa de VIH/genética , Inhibidores de Integrasa/farmacología , Mutación Missense , Adulto , Austria , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Prevalencia , Estudios Retrospectivos , Adulto Joven
8.
Mucosal Immunol ; 10(4): 996-1007, 2017 07.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27848950

RESUMEN

Most HIV transmissions among men who have sex with men (MSM), the group that accounted for 67% of new US infections in 2014, occur via exposure to the rectal mucosa. However, it is unclear how the act of condomless receptive anal intercourse (CRAI) may alter the mucosal immune environment in HIV-negative MSM. Here, we performed a comprehensive characterization of the rectal mucosal immune environment for the phenotype and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by CD4 and CD8 T cells, global transcriptomic analyses, and the composition of microbiota in HIV-negative MSM. Our results show that compared with men who had never engaged in anal intercourse, the rectal mucosa of MSM engaging in CRAI has a distinct phenotype characterized by higher levels of Th17 cells, greater CD8+ T cell proliferation and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, molecular signatures associated with mucosal injury and repair likely mediated by innate immune cells, and a microbiota enriched for the Prevotellaceae family. These data provide a high-resolution model of the immunological, molecular, and microbiological perturbations induced by CRAI, will have direct utility in understanding rectal HIV transmission among MSM, and will enhance the design of future biomedical prevention interventions, including candidate HIV vaccines.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Bacteroidaceae/inmunología , Linfocitos T CD8-positivos/inmunología , Infecciones por VIH/inmunología , Microbiota/genética , Membrana Mucosa/inmunología , Prevotella/genética , Recto/patología , Células Th17/inmunología , Adulto , Proliferación Celular , Condones/estadística & datos numéricos , Citocinas/metabolismo , Infecciones por VIH/prevención & control , Infecciones por VIH/transmisión , Seronegatividad para VIH , Homosexualidad Masculina , Humanos , Mediadores de Inflamación/metabolismo , Masculino , Conducta Sexual , Transcriptoma , Adulto Joven
9.
Oper Orthop Traumatol ; 28(6): 472-488, 2016 Dec.
Artículo en Alemán | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27628762

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: PemberSal osteotomy to improve femoral head coverage by rotating the acetabular roof ventrally and laterally. INDICATIONS: Insufficient coverage of the femoral head, and can be combined with other surgical procedures such as femoral intertrochanteric varus-derotation osteotomy and open reduction for developmental dysplasia and dislocation of the hip or to improve sphericity and containment in Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease. This specific acetabuloplasty can only be performed in patients with an open epiphyseal growth-plate. CONTRAINDICATIONS: Increased bleeding tendency (e.g., inherited or iatrogenic); elevated anesthetic risk such as in cerebral palsy, arthrogryposis multiplex congenital, trisomies; syndromes require explicit interdisciplinary clarification to reduce perioperative risks; infections as in other elective surgeries; diseases/deformities making postoperative spica casting impossible or impractical (e.g., deformities of spinal cord or urogenital system, hernias requiring treatment); closed epiphyseal plate requires complex three-dimensional corrections of the acetabular roof (e.g., triple/periacetabular osteotomy). SURGICAL TECHNIQUE: Osteotomy from the iliac bone to the posterior ilioischial arm of the epiphyseal growth-plate cartilage; controlled fracture of the cancellous bone without breaking the medial cortex of the iliac bone for ventrocaudal rotation of the acetabular roof. To refill and stabilize the osteotomy site, an allogenic bone-wedge is interponated and secured by a resorbable screw or kirschner wire. This method also allows more complex reconstructions of the acetabular roof, e.g., by including the pseudo-cup in a modified Rejholec technique. POSTOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT: A spica cast is applied to immobilize the hip for 6 weeks. Afterwards physiotherapy can be performed under weight-bearing as tolerated. Radiographic check-ups every 6 months.


Asunto(s)
Acetábulo/anomalías , Acetábulo/cirugía , Aloinjertos , Trasplante Óseo/métodos , Luxación Congénita de la Cadera/cirugía , Osteotomía/métodos , Niño , Preescolar , Criopreservación/métodos , Medicina Basada en la Evidencia , Liofilización/métodos , Luxación Congénita de la Cadera/diagnóstico , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Procedimientos de Cirugía Plástica/métodos , Trasplante Homólogo/métodos , Resultado del Tratamiento
10.
Unfallchirurg ; 117(12): 1099-104, 2014 Dec.
Artículo en Alemán | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25421327

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The treatment of femoral shaft fractures has increasingly become a domain of surgical therapy. On the one hand the possibilities of spontaneous correction of shaft axis deviation and rotation are limited and on the other hand leg length differences are often observed as a result of shaft fractures, which can lead to relevant consequences for spinal and pelvic statics. OBJECTIVES: Is there a benefit from the increasing trend towards surgical therapy and what treatment options are currently available for the treatment of femoral shaft fractures? MATERIAL AND METHODS: Analysis of treatment recommendations and a literature search of the last decades. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Newly developed implants currently provide a variety of methods for osteosynthesis for each age group and each fracture type. This allows a better fracture, weight and age adjusted retention of fractures with increased stability and a lower risk of post-traumatic leg length differences. Secondary effects are prompt mobilization and reintegration in the social environment of patients and hence a better achievement of their own therapeutic goals.


Asunto(s)
Fracturas del Fémur/diagnóstico , Fracturas del Fémur/terapia , Curación de Fractura , Fracturas de Salter-Harris , Adolescente , Niño , Estudios de Factibilidad , Femenino , Fijación Interna de Fracturas/instrumentación , Fijación Interna de Fracturas/métodos , Placa de Crecimiento/crecimiento & desarrollo , Humanos , Inmovilización/métodos , Masculino , Selección de Paciente , Modalidades de Fisioterapia , Prótesis e Implantes , Recuperación de la Función
11.
Infection ; 42(5): 917-20, 2014 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24634088

RESUMEN

Nocardia paucivorans is a recently discovered species that has been shown to have a predilection for CNS involvement in cases of disseminated infection. We present a 50-year-old man with one year of weight loss admitted to the hospital with cough and confusion. Imaging revealed pulmonary and iliopsoas masses as well as innumerable ring-enhancing brain lesions. N. paucivorans was eventually identified in a subcarinal lymph node biopsy. The diagnosis was expedited by utilizing 16s rRNA gene sequencing on the biopsy tissue, resulting in species-level identification several weeks prior to culture positivity. He was treated with 12 months of parenteral and oral antibiotics, with resolution of pulmonary and brain lesions on repeat imaging.


Asunto(s)
Nocardiosis/diagnóstico , Nocardia/aislamiento & purificación , Adulto , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Humanos , Masculino , Michigan , Nocardia/genética , Nocardiosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Nocardiosis/microbiología , Nocardiosis/patología , ARN Ribosómico 16S/genética , Resultado del Tratamiento
12.
Am J Transplant ; 14(2): 477-80, 2014 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24433460

RESUMEN

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been shown to be safe and efficacious in individuals with refractory Clostridium difficile. It has not been widely studied in individuals with immunosuppression due to concerns about infectious complications. We describe two solid organ transplant recipients, one lung and one renal, in this case report that both had resolution of their diarrhea caused by C. difficile after FMT. Both recipients required two FMTs to achieve resolution of their symptoms and neither had infectious complications. Immunosuppressed individuals are at high risk for acquisition of C. difficile and close monitoring for infectious complications after FMT is necessary, but should not preclude its use in patients with refractory disease due to C. difficile. Sequential FMT may be used to achieve cure in these patients with damaged microbiota from antibiotic use and immunosuppression.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Clostridium/terapia , Colitis/terapia , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana Múltiple , Heces/citología , Trasplante de Riñón/efectos adversos , Trasplante de Pulmón/efectos adversos , Microbiota , Anciano , Clostridioides difficile/patogenicidad , Infecciones por Clostridium/etiología , Colitis/etiología , Diarrea/etiología , Diarrea/terapia , Heces/microbiología , Femenino , Humanos , Pronóstico , Recurrencia , Receptores de Trasplantes
13.
J Aquat Anim Health ; 25(2): 90-7, 2013 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23560604

RESUMEN

Over the past five decades, a reproductive failure related to thiamine deficiency, referred to as thiamine deficiency complex (TDC), has been observed in valuable salmonine fishes in the Great Lakes and Finger Lakes in North America and the Baltic Sea in Europe. The cause of TDC has been linked to the consumption of clupeid fish, which contain high levels of a thiamine-destroying enzyme called thiaminase I (hereafter referred to as "thiaminase"). High activities of thiaminase have been reported from clupeids such as Alewife Alosa pseudoharengus, Gizzard Shad Dorosoma cepedianum and Atlantic (Baltic) Herring Clupea harengus, but no consistent explanation has accounted for the wide range of observed variation in levels of thiaminase in clupeids. Chronic stress can suppress the immune systems of Alewife and other fishes, thereby reducing the number of circulating white blood cells available to suppress bacteria. Because the presence of thiaminase has been associated with thiaminolytic bacteria isolated from Alewife viscera, we hypothesized that stressful conditions, which can potentially limit clupeid immune response or alter internal physiological conditions, could allow for thiaminase to be produced more efficiently by bacteria or thiaminolytic bacteria could proliferate, or both events could occur, resulting in a subsequent increase in thiaminolytic activity. In this study, Alewives and Gizzard Shad were exposed to severe winter temperatures and low food availability, respectively, in replicated pond experiments to evaluate the influence of stressful conditions on clupeid thiaminase activity. Though responses in circulating white blood cell counts and metrics of fish condition indicated that experimental treatments affected these clupeids, these effects were not related to increased thiaminase activity. The only significant treatment effect on clupeid thiaminase was an increase in mean thiaminase activity in Gizzard Shad from ponds where only high quality energy sources were available. These data indicate that variability in clupeid thiaminase may be related to diet composition.


Asunto(s)
Frío , Peces/fisiología , Privación de Alimentos , Hidrolasas/metabolismo , Estrés Fisiológico , Animales , Regulación Enzimológica de la Expresión Génica/fisiología , Hidrolasas/genética
14.
Ultramicroscopy ; 121: 8-15, 2012 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22910234

RESUMEN

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging offers information on many unique parameters of protein-DNA complexes. However, exact lateral dimensions of molecules or protein assemblies are convoluted with the finite size of the mechanical imaging probe, the AFM tip. An approximate knowledge of the tip dimensions allows correction for these convolutions. In the past, a variety of standards for tip size evaluation have been described, such as metal beads or nanotubes. In the context of protein-DNA samples, being able to exploit the DNA directly for such lateral image (length) corrections without the need to apply additional calibration particles is highly desirable, avoiding crowding and confusion in the images. Here, we systematically evaluate and compare simple geometrical model approaches for DNA as a lateral calibration standard in AFM imaging.


Asunto(s)
Proteínas Bacterianas/química , ADN/química , Microscopía de Fuerza Atómica , Bacillus/metabolismo , Calibración , Microscopía de Fuerza Atómica/instrumentación , Microscopía de Fuerza Atómica/métodos , Modelos Moleculares , Thermoplasma/metabolismo
15.
Adv Biores ; 3(4): 130-136, 2012 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30288015

RESUMEN

The implementation of agronomic biofortification of cereal crops with Fe, Zn, and Se appears to be a rapid and simple solution to the deficiency of these elements in soils and plants. These deficiencies are a reason for serious public health concerns. Low levels of Fe, Zn, and Se are important soil constraints to crop production, especially in the developing world. In our study we planted six cereal crops on soil control and different coal combustion residues, naturally rich in these micronutrients. Plants were harvested and chemically analyzed for Fe, Zn, and Se concentration using ICP. Six plant species have been tested including barley (Hordeum vulgare), Jerry oats (Avena sativa), rye (Secale cereale), wheat (Triticum aestivum), perennial ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum), and ReGreen (wheat x wheatgrass hybrid (Triticum aestivum x Thinopyrum intermedium). All tested plants were able to establish growth on coal ash based growth media, and accumulated significant amounts of Fe, Zn, and Se. It supported our hypothesis, that phytoremediation of coal ash piles may serve also as agronomic biofortification of plants, especially cereal crops cultivated on coal fly ash (FA).

16.
Orthopade ; 41(1): 51-7, 2012 Jan.
Artículo en Alemán | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22179309

RESUMEN

Due to a significant increase in spinal interventions and in particular spinal fusion procedures, also in elderly and immunocompromised patients, spinal surgeons are increasingly confronted with deep wound infections and/or spondylodiscitis with in situ instrumentation. This occasionally life-threatening complication can be a challenge for even the most experienced physician, not only in the initial diagnosis but also when determining the operative treatment strategy. It is not uncommon that patients must undergo several operations before a deep infection is finally under control. The aim of this article is to suggest an algorithm for the diagnostics and management of this very troubling complication.


Asunto(s)
Discitis/diagnóstico , Discitis/terapia , Infecciones Relacionadas con Prótesis/diagnóstico , Infecciones Relacionadas con Prótesis/terapia , Fusión Vertebral/efectos adversos , Infección de la Herida Quirúrgica/diagnóstico , Infección de la Herida Quirúrgica/terapia , Infecciones Bacterianas/diagnóstico , Infecciones Bacterianas/terapia , Discitis/etiología , Humanos
17.
Orthopade ; 40(10): 902-6, 2011 Oct.
Artículo en Alemán | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21922269

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Isolated osteoarthritis of the patellofemoral joint occurs in 9% of patients over 40 years of age and women are more often affected. Options of treatment are varied and not sufficiently justified by the literature. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A literature research with keywords in the field of femoropatellar osteoarthritis was carried out in the relevant databases. Studies were categorized into different treatment options and analyzed. RESULTS: There are almost no level I studies comparing the different treatment options. In the literature there are indications that relief of pain can be achieved by conservative treatment, arthroscopic surgery, cartilage conserving surgery and isolated arthroplasty. CONCLUSION: In view of the fact that there are almost no prospective randomized controlled trials, none of the options for treatment can be highly recommended. There is still no gold standard for the treatment of isolated patellofemoral osteoarthritis.


Asunto(s)
Medicina Basada en la Evidencia , Osteoartritis de la Rodilla/cirugía , Articulación Patelofemoral/cirugía , Adulto , Anciano , Artroplastia de Reemplazo de Rodilla , Artroscopía , Cartílago Articular/cirugía , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Osteoartritis de la Rodilla/diagnóstico , Dimensión del Dolor , Rótula/cirugía , Estudios Prospectivos , Diseño de Prótesis , Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como Asunto
18.
Eur J Med Res ; 16(3): 127-32, 2011 Mar 28.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21486725

RESUMEN

The aim of this study was to evaluate the initial acetabular implant stability and late acetabular implant migration in press fit cups combined with screw fixation of the acetabular component in order to answer the question whether screws are necessary for the fixation of the acetabular component in cementless primary total hip arthroplasty. One hundred and seven hips were available for follow-up after primary THA using a cementless, porous-coated acetabular component. A total of 631 standardized radiographs were analyzed digitally by the "single-film-x-ray-analysis" method (EBRA). One hundred and one (94.4 %) acetabular components did not show significant migration of more than 1 mm. Six (5.6%) implants showed migration of more than 1 mm. Statistical analysis did not reveal preoperative patterns that would identify predictors for future migration. Our findings suggest that the use of screw fixation for cementless porous-coated acetabular components for primary THA does not prevent cup migration.


Asunto(s)
Artroplastia de Reemplazo de Cadera , Tornillos Óseos , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Estudios de Cohortes , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad
19.
Unfallchirurg ; 113(12): 977-83, 2010 Dec.
Artículo en Alemán | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21086111

RESUMEN

Posttraumatic arthrosis or rheumatoid arthritis located at the elbow, in particular at the humero-ulnar joint will probably not occur in increasing numbers in the future due to new antirheumatic medications and modern implants. However, the demographic development with an increase of the geriatric population and the typical physical changes is evident. Due to osteoporosis with a resulting poor bone quality severe fracture patterns may occur at the site of the distal humerus after a simple collapse. The usual surgical aim consisting of an exact anatomic reduction may be impossible to achieve by applying the standard operative treatment. Several studies have proven that a prosthetic replacement of such a severely damaged elbow is a viable solution for elderly people. A mobile, pain-free and stable elbow joint promotes a fast recovery of the patient with a quick return to former activities. Nevertheless, elbow prostheses cannot withstand great strains and the surgeon has to identify those fractures which require a prosthetic replacement. The surgical implantation procedure requires an adequate knowledge of both elbow anatomy and prosthetic options.


Asunto(s)
Lesiones de Codo , Prótesis de Codo , Fracturas del Húmero/cirugía , Anciano , Algoritmos , Articulación del Codo/diagnóstico por imagen , Articulación del Codo/cirugía , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Fracturas del Húmero/diagnóstico por imagen , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/etiología , Diseño de Prótesis , Falla de Prótesis , Radiografía
20.
Orthopade ; 37(9): 914, 916-22, 2008 Sep.
Artículo en Alemán | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18622595

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The literature contains only a few studies investigating the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) diagnostics of degenerative cartilage diseases. Studies on MRI diagnostics of the cartilage using field strengths of 3-Tesla demonstrate promising results. To assess the value of 3-Tesla MRI for decision making regarding conservative or operative treatment possibilities, this study focused on patients with degenerative cartilage diseases. METHODS: Thirty-two patients with chronic knee pain, a minimum age of 40 years, a negative history of trauma, and at least grade II degenerative cartilage disease were included. Cartilage abnormalities detected at preoperative 3-Tesla MRI (axial/koronar/sagittal PD-TSE-SPAIR, axial/sagittal 3D-T1-FFE, axial T2-FFE; Intera 3.0T, Philips Medical Systems) were classified (grades I-IV) and compared with arthroscopic findings. RESULTS: Thirty-six percent (70/192) of the examined cartilage surfaces demonstrated no agreement between MRI and arthroscopic grading. In most of these cases, grades II and III cartilage lesions were confounded with each other. Regarding the positive predictive values, the probability that a positive finding in MRI would be exactly confirmed by arthroscopy was 39-72%. In contrast, specificities and negative predictive values of different grades of cartilage diseases were 85-95%. CONCLUSIONS: Regarding the high specificities and negative predictive values, 3-Tesla MRI is a reliable method for excluding even slight cartilage degeneration. In summary, in degenerative cartilage diseases, 3-Tesla MRI is a supportive, noninvasive method for clinical decision making regarding conservative or operative treatment possibilities. However, the value of diagnostic arthroscopy for a definitive assessment of the articular surfaces and for therapeutic planning currently cannot be replaced by 3-Tesla MRI. This applies especially to treatment options in which a differentiation between grade II and III cartilage lesions is of interest.


Asunto(s)
Artroscopía , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Osteoartritis de la Rodilla/diagnóstico , Adulto , Anciano , Artralgia/etiología , Cartílago Articular/patología , Femenino , Humanos , Articulación de la Rodilla/patología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Osteoartritis de la Rodilla/cirugía , Estudios Prospectivos , Sensibilidad y Especificidad
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