RESUMEN
The synthesis, spectroscopic and X-ray structural characterization of copper(II) and palladium(II) complexes with aziridine ligands as 2-dimethylaziridine HNCH(2)CMe(2) (a), the bidentate N-(2-aminoethyl)aziridines C(2)H(4)NC(2)H(4)NH(2) (b) or CH(2)CMe(2)NCH(2)CMe(2)NH(2) (c) as well as the unsaturated azirine NCH(2)CPh (d) are reported. Cleavage of the cyclometallated Pd(II) dimer [µ-Cl(C(6)H(4)CHMeNMe(2)-C,N)Pd](2) with ligand a yielded compound [Cl(NHCH(2)CMe(2))(C(6)H(4)CHMe(2)NMe(2)-C,N)Pd] (1a). The reaction of the aziridine complex trans-[Cl(2)Pd(HNC(2)H(4))(2)] with an excess of aziridine in the presence of AgOTf gave the ionic chelate complex trans-[(C(2)H(4)NC(2)H(4)NH(2)-N,N')(2)Pd](OTf)(2) (2b) which contains the new ligand b formed by an unexpected insertion and ring opening reaction of two aziridines ("aziridine dimerization"). CuCl(2) reacted in pure HNC(2)H(4) or HNCH(2)CMe(2) (b) again by "dimerization" to give the tris-chelated ionic complex [Cu(C(2)H(4)NC(2)H(4)NH(2)-N,N')(3)]Cl(2) (3b) or the bis-chelated complex [CuCl(C(2)H(2)Me(2)NC(2)H(2)Me(2)NH(2)-N,N')(2)]Cl (4c). By addition of 2H-3-phenylazirine (d) to PdCl(2), trans-[Cl(2)Pd(NCH(2)CPh)(2)] (5d) was formed. All new compounds were characterized by NMR, IR and mass spectra and also by X-ray structure analyses (except 3b). Additionally the cytotoxic effects of these complexes were examined on HL-60 and NALM-6 human leukemia cells and melanoma WM-115 cells. The antimicrobial activity was also determined. The growth of Gram-positive bacterial strains (S. aureus, S. epidermidis, E. faecalis) was inhibited by almost all tested complexes at the concentrations of 37.5-300.0 µg mL(-1). However, MIC values of complexes obtained for Gram-negative E. coli and P. aeruginosa, as well as for C. albicans yeast, mostly exceeded 300 µg mL(-1). The highest antibacterial activity was achieved by complexes 1a and 2b. Complex 2b also inhibited the growth of Gram-negative bacteria.
Asunto(s)
Aziridinas/química , Técnicas de Química Sintética , Compuestos Organometálicos/química , Compuestos Organometálicos/farmacología , Paladio/química , Antiinfecciosos/síntesis química , Antiinfecciosos/química , Antiinfecciosos/farmacología , Antineoplásicos/síntesis química , Antineoplásicos/química , Antineoplásicos/farmacología , Bacterias/efectos de los fármacos , Candida albicans/efectos de los fármacos , Línea Celular Tumoral , Cobre/química , Dimerización , Humanos , Concentración 50 Inhibidora , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Compuestos Organometálicos/síntesis químicaRESUMEN
The efficiency of using combinations of retention indices and partition coefficients (Kp) with a hexane: acetonitrile system has been demonstrated by taking as an example the essential oil from Artemisia pallens Wall. Preliminary partition of the components between the two partly mixing liquids provides information by which components can be attributed to the appropriate homologous series. The use of group constants (j), which are functions of both partition coefficients and GC retention indices, in the practice of identifying the components of essential oils is reported for the first time.
Asunto(s)
Cromatografía de Gases/métodos , Aceites Volátiles/análisisRESUMEN
Partition coefficients (Kp) in a heterogeneous system consisting of two immiscible organic solvents can be successfully used for a supplementary identification parameter in qualitative GC and GC-MS analysis of organic compounds. For rapid addition to database of Kp values, calculation methods based on the well-known 'retention-structure relationships' approach can be used. This paper reports the experimentally determined and calculated Kp values for 252 compounds including alkyl aromatic hydrocarbons and esters. It is shown that for group identification of components it is desirable to use not the Kp values themselves but the parameter j which is a combination of K, and gas chromatographic retention indices: j = kI - log Kp.
Asunto(s)
Ésteres/química , Hidrocarburos Aromáticos/química , Acetonitrilos/química , Hexanos/químicaRESUMEN
We have tested the expression of a 65-kDa oncofetal protein (p65) after combined treatment with menadione and methotrexate in hamsters transplanted with Kirkman-Robins hepatoma. The treatment of tumor-bearing animals with these compounds significantly inhibited both the tumor development and the expression of p65. This inhibition in tumor tissue was calculated from densitograms of Western blots. The inhibition of p65 expression was also confirmed in the serum of hepatoma bearing animals by using solid-phase radioimmunoassay (RIA) to quantify the specificity of polyclonal antibodies to fetal p65 molecules. Additionally, p65 was shown to localize both in cytoplasm and in the nuclear extracts prepared from hepatoma tissue.
Asunto(s)
Antígenos de Neoplasias/biosíntesis , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/administración & dosificación , Neoplasias Hepáticas Experimentales/metabolismo , Fosfoproteínas/biosíntesis , Animales , Anticuerpos Antineoplásicos/análisis , Antígenos de Neoplasias/efectos de los fármacos , Antígenos de Neoplasias/inmunología , Antimetabolitos Antineoplásicos/administración & dosificación , Cricetinae , Proteínas del Citoesqueleto , Interacciones Farmacológicas , Electroforesis en Gel de Poliacrilamida , Hemostáticos/administración & dosificación , Neoplasias Hepáticas Experimentales/tratamiento farmacológico , Masculino , Metotrexato/administración & dosificación , Proteínas de Microfilamentos , Fosfoproteínas/antagonistas & inhibidores , Fosfoproteínas/inmunología , Radioinmunoensayo , Vitamina K/administración & dosificaciónRESUMEN
We previously showed that at low concentrations (0.01-10 micromol/l) mercury (Hg) compounds (especially methylmercuric chloride) may act synergistically with physiological agonists to activate platelets and may also cause changes in blood coagulation in experimental animals. Result obtained in this study indicate that the activation of pig blood platelets by methylmercuric chloride (MMC) is not dependent on membrane receptors for fibrinogen and ADP. Furthermore, we have calculated that pig platelets take up approximately 13-fold more Hg than plasma proteins during incubation of platelet-rich plasma with MMC. These findings may explain the recently reported link between vascular events and Hg poisoning.
RESUMEN
Incubation of the suspension of washed pig platelets with methylmercuric chloride (MeHg) caused decrease of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity at the concentrations of MeHg 10(-5)-10(-4) mol/l. We also observed the increase of enzyme activity at low concentrations of MeHg (10(-7)-10(-6) mol/l). MeHg affects the SOD activity similarly to other mercurials which are known to react with sulfhydryl groups, and differentially influence enzymatic systems.
Asunto(s)
Plaquetas/enzimología , Compuestos de Metilmercurio/farmacología , Superóxido Dismutasa/sangre , Animales , Plaquetas/efectos de los fármacos , Técnicas In Vitro , PorcinosRESUMEN
The effects of methylmercuric chloride on the coagulability of blood were studied in rats. The administration of a single dose (17.9 mg Hg/kg) and a repeated dose (5 X 8 mg Hg/kg/day) of this compound resulted in hypercoagulation. The reduction of the clotting time, the increase of fibrinogen level in plasma and changes characteristic of hypercoagulation in the thromboelastographic parameters were observed. Simultaneously, signs of impaired activity of blood platelets: decreased aggregation velocity and clot retraction as well as prolongation of the bleeding time were noticed.