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1.
Pharm Res ; 41(1): 51-62, 2024 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37989952

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: Medical syringes are widely used in hospitals to store and administer drugs, and the contact time between the drugs and these syringes can vary from a few minutes to several weeks like for pharmaceutical preparations. The aim of this comparative study was to evaluate the potential sorption phenomena occurring between three drugs (paracetamol, diazepam and insulin aspart) and polypropylene syringes (PP) or syringes made of Cyclic Olefin Copolymer (COC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: 50 mL 3-part syringes made of either COC with crosslinked silicone on the barrel inner surface (COC-CLS) and a bromobutyl plunger seal, or PP lubricated with silicone oil (PP-SOL) with a polyisoprene plunger seal were used. RESULTS: COC-CLS syringes induced less sorption of diazepam and insulin than PP-SOL syringes and the plunger seal material seemed to be the main cause of these interactions. An alkalinization of the medications in contact with the PP-SOL syringes was observed. It could be caused by leachable compounds and should be investigated further. CONCLUSION: This work shows once again that it is essential to consider content-container interactions to help improve the safe use of parenteral drugs.


Asunto(s)
Cicloparafinas , Polipropilenos , Jeringas , Polímeros , Aceites de Silicona , Preparaciones Farmacéuticas , Diazepam
2.
J Am Chem Soc ; 140(44): 14638-14646, 2018 11 07.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30351016

RESUMEN

Crystallization via metastable phases plays an important role in chemical manufacturing, biomineralization, and protein crystallization, but the kinetic pathways leading from metastable phases to the stable crystalline modifications are not well understood. In particular, the fast crystallization of amorphous intermediates makes a detailed characterization challenging. To circumvent this problem, we devised a system that allows trapping and stabilizing the amorphous intermediates of representative carbonates (calcium, strontium, barium, manganese, and cadmium). The long-term stabilization of these transient species enabled a detailed investigation of their composition, structure, and morphology. Total scattering experiments with high-energy synchrotron radiation revealed a short-range order of several angstroms in all amorphous intermediates. From the synchrotron data, a structural model of amorphous calcium carbonate was derived that indicates a lower coordination number of calcium compared to the crystalline polymorphs. Our study shows that a multistep crystallization pathway via amorphous intermediates is open to many carbonates. We could isolate and characterize these transient species, thereby providing new insights into their crystallization mechanism.

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