Pathological and enzymatic features of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine induced colorectal carcinomas in rats.

Well- and moderately well-differentiated colorectal adenocarcinomas accounted for 86% of all tumors induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine in rats, and were distributed throughout the colorectal tract. Poorly differentiated carcinomas, 14% of all tumors, were markedly restricted to the proximal half of colon, i.e., 94% of the poorly differentiated type was found in the proximal colon and caecum. Thymidylate synthetase and thymidine kinase, key enzymes in the de novo and salvage pathways, respectively, for pyrimidine nucleotide synthesis were found to be reduced and elevated, respectively, with increasing cellular differentiation. These results suggest that biochemical differences in colorectal tumors may be associated with differences in tumor frequency, distribution, and histological type.

[Crossed cerebellar diaschisis in putaminal hemorrhage--evaluation by the Xe-133 clearance method].

Metabolic depression in the contralateral cerebellar hemisphere caused by a supratentorial lesion is called crossed cerebellar diaschisis (CCD). In order to investigate diaschisis based on the location and extension of lesions, time course and prognosis, 31 patients with putaminal hemorrhage were examined by the Xe-133 clearance method (67 studies in all). They consisted of 20 males and 11 females, from 40 to 77 years old (mean: 57.1 +/- 8.9). Small hematomas (mean volume: 16.1 +/- 8.4 ml) in 18 patients were treated nonsurgically, whereas medium and large hematomas (mean volume: 57.5 +/- 29.9 ml) in 13 patients were treated by craniotomy for evacuation. rCBF was measured using a BI 1400 rCBF Analyzer (Valmet, Denmark), and CCD was considered positive when the percentage difference in cerebellar blood flow was 10.1% (mean + 2SD) greater than obtained in 21 normal controls. CCD was observed in 10 patients (55.6%) in the non-surgical group and in 9 patients (69.2%) in the surgical group. In the non-surgical group, CCD was positive in 5 of the 7 cases (71.4%) involving the posterior limb of the internal capsule and in 7 of the 11 cases (63.6%) involving the corona radiata. The surgical group was divided into three types based on the time course of CCD after surgery, i.e., type A: persistent CCD found two months later, type B: postoperative CCD had resolved two months later, and type C: no CCD observed after surgery. Mean hematoma volume was significantly greater in type A (79.0 +/- 19.8 ml) than in type B (44.6 +/- 8.5 ml) or type C (30.7 +/- 3.7 ml) (p < 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

[A case of foreign-body granuloma].

A 24-year-old male patient was admitted to our Ryukyu University Hospital, complaining of visual disturbance. He had had partial removal of a suprasellar region tumor in another hospital one year before the admission. Microscopical findings had shown two cell patterns of germinoma in the first operation. Following it, the patient received irradiation with a total dose of 54Gy. The tumor completely disappeared after these procedures. On this admission, plain CT scan revealed an isodensity mass in the suprasellar cistern extending to the right side of the third ventricle, which was enhanced homogeneously. In MRI, the mass showed low intensity in the T1-weighted inversion recovery sequence, and heterogeneously, high intensity in the T2-weighted spin echo sequence. By bifrontal craniotomy, the tumor was removed. Histologically, it consisted of granuloma containing fine cotton fibers. MRI findings of intracranial foreign-body granuloma were discussed.

[Moyamoya disease associated with persistent primitive trigeminal artery--a case report and review of literature].

A case of moyamoya disease associated with the persistent primitive trigeminal artery (PTA) is reported. 5 such cases reported in literature are reviewed. A 16-year-old female patient was admitted to our clinic, having complained of right hemiparesis for 8 years. CT scan revealed multiple low density areas in the left frontal, temporal and parietal lobes. In left carotid angiogram, the internal carotid artery was occluded at the C3 portion and basal moyamoya (stage IV) was found. In right carotid angiogram, the internal carotid artery was occluded at the C3 portion and basal moyamoya (stage V) was found. Furthermore the persistent primitive trigeminal artery was seen with marked moyamoya vessels from the posterior cerebral artery. In vertebral angiogram, the posterior cerebral artery was seen bilaterally with moyamoya vessels. In 133Xe-rCBF study, compared with the mean flow in each hemisphere, the flow decreased at the temporal lobe, but, in contrast, increased at the parieto-occipital lobes. Reviewing the literature, the following conclusions are suggested. 1. Persistent primitive trigeminal artery will promote the stage of moyamoya disease. 2. It will protect the brain from hemorrhage and/or ischemia in moyamoya disease.

Viability of intraperitoneal free cancer cells in patients with gastric cancer.

The viability and morphologic changes of intraperitoneal free cancer cells in advanced gastric cancer patients were examined by Giemsa and enzymologic staining and by tritiated thymidine uptake. Although many free cancer cells in the pouch of Douglas showed moderate degeneration, viable, morphologically intact cells were noted, leading to the possibility of their implantation and proliferation in the peritoneum. Serosal cancer cells showed a high degree of viability. In patients undergoing gastric cancer surgery, the viability of free cancer cells was markedly decreased by a single intraoperative administration of 10 mg of mitomycin C (MMC) to the pouch of Douglas, suggesting that this may represent an effective means of preventing peritoneal dissemination.