[Emotional and physiologic features of civil aviation pilots with neurosensory deafness].

The article presents results of evaluation concerning neurophysiologic and psychoemotional state of pilots with occupational neurosensory deafness. Findings are that pilots with occupational neurosensory deafness demonstrate disorganized type of EEG, supported by fading alpha-rhythm, increased slow wave activity in delta range. Other changes are decreased conduction velocity in distal part of median and ulnar nerves - that indicates development of demyelination processes. Psychologic studies proved that personality structure in pilots with occupational neurosensory deafness has dominant traits of balanced emotional reactions, constructive ways to overcome difficulties.

[The dynamics of the occupational morbidity rate in the Eastern Siberia].

The dynamics and structure of the occupational morbidity rate in main branches of the industry in the Eastern Siberia for the 2000-2015 (on the example of the Irkutsk region) is presented in this paper. During the observation period there were noted the significant gain in the number of cases of occupational diseases registered in such different branches of industry as Coal and Lignite Mining, ship and aircraft building, and in some other branches (metallurgical production, air transport, pulp production, electric power distribution industry). In the structure of the occupational morbidity leading positions are occupied by diseases associated with the exposure to physical factors, industrial aerosols, physical overload and overexertion of certain organs and systems. The main reasons and factors contributing to the gain of the occupational morbidity rate are the imperfection of technological processes, working places, personal protective equipment and/or their lack, constructive defects of machines and equipment, the violation of safety regulations, regimen of the work and rest, insufficiently high level of medical and preventive maintenance, delayed making of decisions for the rational employment to the workers with the revealed early forms of occupational diseases. There pointed out priority directions of the prevention the implementation of which will allow to decline the level of the occupational morbidity rate. The main directions are the implementation of economically caused mechanisms of the interest in the preservation of workers ' health; implementation of the regional aimed programs; the introduction of new processes, equipment and mechanisms meeting modern hygienic requirements; the assessment of occupational risk with the creation and implementation of the system of monitoring for the dynamics of working conditions and the state of the workers ' health for the making corrective management solutions on the optimization and elevation of the efficacy and relevance of developed and implemented preventive health measures.

[Vibration disease: hygienic and medical aspects].

The hygienic assessment of working conditions of employees exposed to local vibration established that working conditions for employees ofvibration dangerous occupations at the aircraft plant according to the degree from a health standpoint and hazard are referred to the fourth (dangerous) class of the degree of danger that stipulates stable high levels of the morbidity rate. The leading factor is a local vibration that results in the consistently high levels of occupational morbidity rate. There was shown the efficiency of the use of the pulsed magnetic stimulation in the treatment ofpatients with vibration disease associated with the exposure to local vibration. For the evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment in patients the condition of the central nervous system was determined with the use of computer electroencephalography with the registration of visual and auditory evoked potentials and somatosensory evoked potentials; there was studied the state of the peripheral nerves in arms and legs relying upom electromyographic data; there was performed psychological study. After the performance of pulse magnetic stimulation in patients diagnosed to have the vibration diseases there were observed the improvement in the interaction of cortical-subcortical structures and associative areas of the frontal and temporal lobes of the brain. After treatment there was noted the shortening of the time of the conduction of the afferent wave of the excitation at the level of the cervical spinal cord, subcortical structures and the central conduction time. There was restored previously reduced the speed of the conduction of the impulse via the distal parts of the tibial and median nerve, through the ulnar nerve in the area of the elbow joint. There was noted the rise in the average temperature on the hands; the decline of thresholds of vibration and pain sensitivity; the improvement of indices characterizing of the state of mnestic- attentional and psycho-emotional scope of activity.

[On theory of sensory conflict under exposure to physical factors: main principles and concepts of formation].

The article presents results of longstanding studies on influence of occupational physical factors on workers health. Experimental and nature studies helped to justify basic concepts of sensory conflict theory, a trigger of occupational disease formation. Patients having occupational disease present disorders of cortex-subcortex relationships on diencephal level, central and peripheral regulatory mechanisms, central sensory mechanisms participation in pathologic processes development, changes in vegetative regulation on cerebral level, demyelination and axon demyelination changes in peripheral nerves of upper and lower limbs. Findings are also changes in central nervous, peripheral nervous systems, endocrine, immune systems, severe emotional negative strain and high level of nervous system excitation, perivascular edema in brain cortex of experimental animals. Based on key principles of the theory, the authors specified and tested new methods of treatment and prevention of occupational diseases caused by physical factors, aimed to unblock the sensory conflict.

[Dynamics of morphofunctional state of central nervous system in white rates exposed to vibration].

The authors presented results of experimental studies assessing influence of vibration on white rats. Dynamics of morphologic changes development in brain of experimental animals exposed to vibration were shown. Exposure to vibration in white rats daily during 4 hours over 15 days causes astrogliosis--compensation process in response to brain injury; over 1 month--causes morphologic brain changes (vacuoles formation in neuropile, decrease in astroglia cells number); over 2 months--causes lower plasticity of brain neurons, preserved astrogliosis; over 4 months--causes perivascular edema. Changes in brain bioelectric activity indicate stages of pathologic process in central nervous system. Increase in vibration exposure duration leads to more severe diffuse pathologic changes in brain and local cortical and diencephalic disorders. Exposure to vibration in white rats causes increase in general mobility, nonspecific activation of behaviour, intense emotional exertion, negative emotional state, but less severe effects of vibration were seen in orientative-trying reactions that are inborn, inherited forms of behaviour.

[Characteristics of psychologic features in workers exposed to noise (follow-up observations)].

The article covers results of psychologic testing in workers exposed to noise (apparently healthy workers, neurosensory deafness patients) with follow-up data over 5 years in connected select.

[Results and prospects of scientific research on sensory conflict under exposure to noise and vibration at work].

The article presents results of longstanding research concerning influence of physical occupational hazards on workers' health. The authors justify a concept of sensory conflict developing under exposure to physical hazards and being a key chain in occupational diseases formation. New approaches are suggested to prevent occupational diseases caused by physical factors.

[Character of psychological peculiarities of workers contacting local vibration (dynamic observation)].

The article presents the results of psychological examination of practically healthy workers contacting local vibration and patients with vibration disease. The changes of psycho-emotional state of workers were revealed over 5 years period in connected sampling.