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OBJECTIVE: The study was conducted to know the incidence and trends of orofacial clefts between 1st January 2011 and 31st August 2016 in Mysuru, Karnataka; and to describe the demographic patterns. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a retrospective, hospital-based study. Data were retrieved from multiple sources like Parturition books, Neonatal intensive care unit records, baby and mothers case records archived in medical records department of Cheluvamba Hospital, a Tertiary Care Government Hospital, attached to Mysore Medical College and Research Institute, Mysore, Karnataka, between 1 January 2011 and 31 August 2016. All subjects with CL ± P were included in the study. Data were collected using semi-structured proforma, designed based on the review of the literature. Prior to the study, approval of the Institutional Ethics Committee was obtained. Collected data were subjected to descriptive statistical analysis using SPSS version 21 (SPSS Inc.). RESULTS: A total of 59 children with CL ± P were born between 1 January 2011 and 31 August 2016 among 77667 births (Male: 36,625; Females: 41042). Hence the incidence of orofacial clefts in this hospital was 0.76/1000 births/year. Incidence in boys was 0.71/1000 births and in girls it was 0.78/1000 births (p < 0.7). Distribution of CL ± P showed that cleft lip with palate were more prevalent, which was 64.4%. 54.2% of the female child had clefts. Pierre-Robin syndrome was the most common associated malformation. CONCLUSION: This study indicates that CL ± P are the most common types of orofacial clefts. Adequate ante-natal history in birth records is not been given critical importance, with lack of parental counseling. Public awareness regarding the early diagnosis of orofacial clefts, follow up, surgery and dental therapy is required.How to cite this article: Kumar PSP, Dhull KS, Lakshmikantha G, Singh N, Incidence and Demographic Patterns of Orofacial Clefts in Mysuru, Karnataka, India: A Hospital-based Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent, 2018;11(5):371-374.
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OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the load-bearing capacity of fractured incisal edge of maxillary permanent central incisors restored with a nanocomposite and a glass fiber-reinforced nanocomposite. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-six extracted sound maxillary central incisors randomly divided in three groups were used for the present study. Group I (control) contained untreated teeth. Samples in experimental groups II and III were prepared by cutting the incisal (one-third) part of the crown horizontally and subjected to enamel preparations and restored with a nanocomposite and a glass fiber-reinforced nanocomposite respectively. All restored teeth were stored in distilled water at room temperature for 24 hours. Fracture resistance was evaluated as peak load at failure (Newton) for samples tested in a cantilever-bending test using Hounsfield universal testing machine. Failure modes were microscopically examined. RESULTS: Highest mean peak failure load (Newton) among experimental groups was observed in glass fiber-reinforced nano composite group (863.50 ± 76.12 N) followed by nanocomposite group (633.67 ± 40.14 N). One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the restoration technique significantly affected the load-bearing capacity (p < 0.001). Scheffe's post-hoc comparison test (subset for α = 0.05) revealed that there was significant difference in the mean peak failure load values of nanocomposite and glass fiber-reinforced nanocomposite groups when considered together (p < 0.001). Experimental groups showed similar types of failure modes with majority occurring ascohesive and mixed type. Fifty-eight percent of the teeth in glass fiber-reinforced nanocomposite group fractured below the cementoenamel junction. CONCLUSION: By using fiber-reinforced composite substructure under conventional composites in the repair of fractured incisors, the load-bearing capacity of the restored incisal edge could be substantially increased. How to cite this article: Kumar PSP, Srilatha KT, Nandlal B, Dhull KS. Evaluation of the Load-bearing Capacity of Fractured Incisal Edge of Maxillary Permanent Central Incisors restored with a Glass Fiber-reinforced Nanocomposite: An in vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2015;8(1):22-29.
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A supernumerary tooth is a developmental anomaly and it has been argued to arise from multiple aetiologies. Mesiodens is a midline supernumerary tooth which is commonly seen in the maxillary arch, and incidence of molariform mesiodens in the maxillary midline is rare in permanent dentition and extremely uncommon in primary dentition. A midline supernumerary tooth in the primary dentition can cause an ectopic or a delayed eruption of permanent central incisors, which will further alter occlusion and may compromise aesthetics and formation of dentigerous cysts. This paper reports a rare case which had the presence of a molariform mesiodens in the primary dentition. The treatment plan consisted of extraction of the supernumerary tooth and regular observation of permanent central incisors for proper eruption and alignment.
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Dental caries is the most prevalent disease in humans, especially during early childhood. The restoration of such an extensive carious lesion should be done properly to reestablish their anatomy and hence their masticatory, phonetic, esthetic and space-maintainer functions in the dental arches. The consequences of premature loss of primary teeth are well known, namely the loss of vertical dimension of occlusion, tongue thrusting and mouth breathing habits, which can be the sources of future malocclusion. Satisfactory restoration of these teeth, improving esthetics, along with the management of space and function has always been a challenge for pediatric dentist. An ever increasing demand for esthetics has led to innovation and development of newer treatment modalities for these problems. In an attempt to widen the treatment options as biologically and conservatively as possible, tooth structure is used as a restorative material to rehabilitate severely destroyed tooth crowns. This technique consists of bonding sterile dental fragments, obtained either from the patient or from a tooth bank, to the teeth. Such a technique was termed as 'biological restoration'. This article aims at reviewing the evolution, techniques and outcome of such biological restorations. How to cite this article: MD Indira, Dhull KS, Nandlal B, Kumar PSP, Dhull RS. Biological Restoration in Pediatric Dentistry: A Brief Insight. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2014;7(3):197-201.