[The effectiveness of sulfate magnesium-calcium mineral water for the treatment of the patients presenting with chronic acalculous cholecystitis].

This paper was designed to report the results of investigations into the therapeutic effectiveness of "Kluchi" sulfate magnesiumcalcium mineral water used to treat 194 patients presenting with chronic acalculous cholecystitis and different types of biliary tract dysfunction. The control group was comprised of 92 patients who took a diet. It was shown, that mineral water "Kluchi" exerted well apparent beneficial action on the motor function of the gallbladder and the sphincter apparatus. Moreover, drinking the mineral water improved colloidal stability of bile. It is concluded that the therapeutic application of "Kluchi" sulfate magnesium-calcium mineral water results in the reduction of bile lihogenicity, produces anti-inflammatory and choleretic effects, and promotes normalization of the motor and tonic condition of the biliary tract.

[Chronic constipation: current view of the problem].

The authors propose the definition of chronic constipations (CC) and present data on their incidence and classification along with a concise review of physiology and motor-evacuation function of the colon and defecation act. Pathogenesis and clinical symptoms of different forms of functional and organic CC are discussed. Instrumental and laboratory methods for the examination of patients with CC are described including special techniques for the diagnosis of abnormalities in the anorectal region. Special attention is given to modern approaches to individual therapy including correction of life style and dietary habits as well as the choice of adequate drug therapy. The proposed classification of purgative drugs takes into account indications for their use, contraindications, and adverse effects. Selected methods of physiotherapeutic and surgical treatment of CC are described.

[Post-cholecystectomy syndrome: the modern view of the problem].

The authors summarize and systematize literature data and their own observations concerning post-cholecystectomy syndrome (PCES), the reasons for and the mechanisms of its development, its clinical variants etc. The authors suggest the following PCES forms should be distinguished: functional ("egenuine") forms, which develop due to gall bladder removal and the loss of its functions, and organic ("conditional") PCES forms, which develop as a consequence ofaflawy surgery and/or preoperative complications of chronic calculous cholecystitis, which dominate in the postoperative clinical picture and are mistakenly considered cholecystectomy consequences. An original operational classification of PCES is adduced; possibilities provided by contemporary instrumental and laboratory techniques of differential diagnostics are considered; differential treatment and prophylaxis of PCES are described.