Therapeutic Management and Long-Term Outcome of Hyperthyroidism in Patients with Antithyroid-Induced Agranulocytosis: A Retrospective, Multicenter Study.

BACKGROUND: Antithyroid drug-induced agranulocytosis (AIA) (neutrophils <500/µL) is a rare but serious complication in the treatment of hyperthyroidism. METHODOLOGY: Adult patients with AIA who were followed up at 12 hospitals in Spain were retrospectively studied. A total of 29 patients were studied. The etiology of hyperthyroidism was distributed as follows: Graves' disease (n = 21), amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis (n = 7), and hyperfunctioning multinodular goiter (n = 1). Twenty-one patients were treated with methimazole, as well as six patients with carbimazole and two patients with propylthiouracil. RESULTS: The median (IQR) time to development of agranulocytosis was 6.0 (4.0-11.5) weeks. The most common presenting sign was fever accompanied by odynophagia. All of the patients required admission, reverse isolation, and broad-spectrum antibiotics; moreover, G-CSF was administered to 26 patients (89.7%). Twenty-one patients received definitive treatment, thirteen patients received surgery, nine patients received radioiodine, and one of the patients required both treatments. Spontaneous normalization of thyroid hormone values occurred in six patients (four patients with amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis and two patients with Graves' disease), and two patients died of septic shock secondary to AIA. CONCLUSIONS: AIA is a potentially lethal complication that usually appears around 6 weeks after the initiation of antithyroid therapy. Multiple drugs are required to control hyperthyroidism before definitive treatment; additionally, in a significant percentage of patients (mainly in those treated with amiodarone), hyperthyroidism resolved spontaneously.

Malnutrition at diagnosis in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (als) and its influence on survival: Using glim criteria.

BACKGROUND: Malnutrition is a prognostic factor in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). Sometimes, this condition is underdiagnosed, and it might influence on disease progression. AIMS: To evaluate a) nutritional status at the beginning of specialized nutritional treatment and b) the influence of initial nutritional status on disease evolution and survival in a group of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). METHODS: An interhospital registry of patients with motor neuron disease treated at the Clinical Nutrition Clinics of six hospitals in the region of Castilla y León in Spain was created. The study was developed from January 2015 to December 2017. An anamnesis, affiliation data, past medical history, disease evolution, nutritional history and an anthropometry and bioelectrical impedance analysis were performed at baseline. The mortality rate was compared among those patients with worse nutritional status at the beginning of the follow-up against those with a better nutritional situation using two tools: The Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) and the criteria of the Global Leadership Initiative for Malnutrition (GLIM). RESULTS: A total of 93 patients were analysed. The median age of the patients was 67 (57.5-75.5) years. The median Body Mass Index was 24.4 (21.7-25.9) kg/m2 and the median percentage of weight loss was 9.32 (2.7-17.6)% without differences between the onset type. According to the SGA, 27 (29%) patients were in grade A; 43 (46.3%) patients were in grade B and 23 (24.7%) were in grade C. According to the new GLIM malnutrition criteria, 45 patients (48.4%) had malnutrition. Patients with worse nutritional status had a lower survival median with both SGA (SGA A: 20.5 (10.2-35) months vs SGA B-C: 12 (5.2-23.7) months (p = 0.03)) or the new GLIM criteria according to severity (severe malnutrition: 18 (5-24) months vs. no severe malnutrition: 20 (12-33) months (p = 0.01)). In the multivariate analysis, malnutrition measured by SGA was an independent risk factor (HR: 4.6 (1.5-13.9) p = 0.007) for survival over 15 months when adjusted for age, sex and type of onset of ALS. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with ALS have a severe deterioration in nutritional status when analysed using a classical malnutrition test (SGA) or a new one (GLIM criteria). Patients with a better nutritional situation according to SGA and GLIM severity classification were associated with a longer survival time.

Insulinoma: análisis multicéntrico y retrospectivo de la experiencia de 3 décadas (1983-2014) / Insulinoma: A multicenter, retrospective analysis of three decades of experience (1983-2014)

OBJETIVO: Analizar las características clínicas, metodología diagnóstica, tratamientos empleados y resultados de los casos de insulinoma diagnosticados y tratados entre 1983-2014 en 4 centros hospitalarios españoles. MÉTODOS: Se incluyeron en el estudio todos los pacientes que tenían demostración histológica de tumor secretor de insulina o criterios diagnósticos bioquímicos y morfológicos de insulinoma. RESULTADOS: Se estudiaron 29 pacientes (23 mujeres [79,3%]; edad media 48,7 ± 17,4 años [intervalo 16-74]). En 26 (89,7%) casos el tumor fue esporádico y en el resto (3 mujeres, 10,3%) se presentó en el contexto de una neoplasia endocrina múltiple tipo 1. Hubo 3 (10,3%) insulinomas múltiples, uno de ellos asociado a neoplasia endocrina múltiple tipo 1, y 2 (6,9%) insulinomas malignos, ambos esporádicos. La mayoría (n = 18, 62,1%) mostró hipoglucemia de ayuno, aproximadamente un tercio (31%) hipoglucemia tanto de ayuno como posprandial y el 6,9% solo hipoglucemia posprandial. El tiempo en alcanzar el nadir de glucosa (37,3 ± 6,5 mg/dl) en la prueba de ayuno fue 9,0 ± 4,4 h, con insulinemia de 25,0 ± 20,3 μU/ml. La TAC abdominal localizó el insulinoma en el 75% de los casos. El 93,1% (n = 27) de los pacientes fue intervenido quirúrgicamente (enucleación, 18 [66,7%] y pancreatectomía parcial, 9 [33,3%] pacientes; tamaño tumor 1,7 ± 0,7 cm). La cirugía consiguió la curación en la mayoría (n = 24, 88,9%) de los pacientes. CONCLUSIÓN: El insulinoma en nuestro medio es un tumor benigno, de pequeño tamaño y solitario, que afecta más a mujeres entre 45-50 años y que se localiza generalmente con TAC abdominal. La cirugía mediante enucleación constituye el método terapéutico más habitual consiguiendo unas altas tasas de curación

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical features, diagnostic procedures, treatment, and clinical outcome of insulinomas diagnosed and treated in the period 1983-2014 in four Spanish hospitals. METHODS: All patients with either biochemical and morphological criteria of insulinoma and/or histological demonstration of insulin-secreting tumor were included. RESULTS: Twenty-nine patients [23 women (79.3%); mean age 48.7 ± 17.4 years (range, 16-74)] were recruited. Twenty-six patients (89.7%) had sporadic tumors, and the rest (3 women, 10.3%) developed in the context of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. There were 3 (10.3%) multiple insulinomas, one associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1, and two (6.9%) malignant insulinomas, both sporadic. Most patients (n = 18, 62.1%) had fasting hypoglycemia, about a third (31%) both postprandial and fasting hypoglycemia, and 6.9% postprandial hypoglycemia only. Time to glucose nadir (37.3 ± 6.5 mg/dL) in the fasting test was 9.0 ± 4.4 h, with maximal insulin levels of 25.0 ± 20.3 μU/mL. Abdominal CT detected insulinoma in 75% of patients. Twenty-seven (93.1%) patients underwent surgery [enucleation, 18 (66.7%) and subtotal pancreatectomy, 9 (33.3%); tumor size, 1,7 ± 0,7 cm]. Surgery achieved cure in the majority (n = 24, 88.9%) of patients. CONCLUSION: In our setting, insulinoma is usually a benign, small, and solitary tumor, mainly affecting women aged 45-50 years, and usually localized with abdominal CT. The most commonly used surgical technique is enucleation, which achieves a high cure rate

Insulinoma: a multicenter, retrospective analysis of three decades of experience (1983-2014).

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical features, diagnostic procedures, treatment, and clinical outcome of insulinomas diagnosed and treated in the period 1983-2014 in four Spanish hospitals. METHODS: All patients with either biochemical and morphological criteria of insulinoma and/or histological demonstration of insulin-secreting tumor were included. RESULTS: Twenty-nine patients [23 women (79.3%); mean age 48.7±17.4 years (range, 16-74)] were recruited. Twenty-six patients (89.7%) had sporadic tumors, and the rest (3 women, 10.3%) developed in the context of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. There were 3 (10.3%) multiple insulinomas, one associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1, and two (6.9%) malignant insulinomas, both sporadic. Most patients (n=18, 62.1%) had fasting hypoglycemia, about a third (31%) both postprandial and fasting hypoglycemia, and 6.9% postprandial hypoglycemia only. Time to glucose nadir (37.3±6.5mg/dL) in the fasting test was 9.0±4.4h, with maximal insulin levels of 25.0±20.3µU/mL. Abdominal CT detected insulinoma in 75% of patients. Twenty-seven (93.1%) patients underwent surgery [enucleation, 18 (66.7%) and subtotal pancreatectomy, 9 (33.3%); tumor size, 1,7±0,7cm]. Surgery achieved cure in the majority (n=24, 88.9%) of patients. CONCLUSION: In our setting, insulinoma is usually a benign, small, and solitary tumor, mainly affecting women aged 45-50 years, and usually localized with abdominal CT. The most commonly used surgical technique is enucleation, which achieves a high cure rate.

Rabdomiólisis por antitiroideos / Rhabdomiolysis secondary to antithyroid drugs

No disponible

Nutritional status of adult patients admitted to internal medicine departments in public hospitals in Castilla y Leon, Spain - A multi-center study.

INTRODUCTION: Studies from different hospitals confirm the high prevalence of malnutrition among inpatients. In the present multi-center study, we evaluated the prevalence of malnutrition and the relationship of different nutritional markers to length of hospital stay and mortality. METHODS: A randomized population of 213 hospitalized patients (112 males and 101 females) from nine hospitals were included in the study. The nutritional status of the patients was assessed by nutrition specialists in each nutrition unit. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 73.5+/-15 years. Their mean weight was 63.5+/-14.5 kg, BMI 25.9+/-6.1, and weight loss in the previous 3 months 4.2+/-6.6 kg. The mean length of hospital stay was 19.6+/-62.5 days. The prevalence of malnutrition, assessed by means of a mini-nutritional assessment (MNA) test, was 23.9% (score under 17 points), and 50.2% of the patients were at risk of malnutrition (score between 17 and 23.5). An analysis correlating length of hospital stay (LOS) and predictive parameters in the entire group showed a positive association with MNA score (r=-0.23; p<0.05). In multivariate analysis with LOS (days) as dependent variable and albumin, weight loss, weight, and MNA score as independent variables, after adjusting for age and sex, only weight loss and MNA score remained independent predictors in the model (F=4.6; p<0.05). There was an increase of 2.6 days in LOS (95% CI: 0.7-4.5) for each decrease of 1 kg, and a decrease of 3.2 days (95% CI: -5.6-0.6) for each increase of 1 point in MNA score. In a survival analysis, an independent factor that decreased mortality was MNA score (hazard ratio: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.66-0.94), after adjusting for age and sex. CONCLUSION: Hospitalized patients have a high prevalence of malnutrition. Patients with a low MNA score and previous weight loss have a longer LOS. Mortality decreases with each point of increase in MNA score.