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Case report of Morphoea induced by the use of electronic cigarettes.
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Background: Hidradenitis Suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, relapsing, inflammatory skin condition which is physically, psychologically and socially disabling and often affects a patient's quality of life (QOL). There are numerous QOL tools used in dermatology. However, assessment of QOL in patients with HS is difficult due to the inability of generic QOL tools to specifically capture QOL in patients with HS. Numerous HS-specific QOL tools have been developed in recent years. It is important to identify evidence on full psychometric evaluation of these tools. Objectives: There has been a gradual increase in the use of generic and disease-specific QOL tools in the last few decades. The aim of this scoping review (SR) is to evaluate the most widely used generic QOL tools and HS-specific QOL tools to identify the psychometric evaluation of such tools. Methods: Design: An SR guided by Joanna Briggs Institute manual and Arskey O'Malley framework guidelines. Data extraction included the studies available on full psychometric evaluation of the most widely used dermatology generic QOL tools in HS and HS-specific QOL tools. Results: Ten papers were included in the review, eight papers demonstrated HS-specific QOL assessment tools. The psychometric properties of these tools were underpinned by reliability, validity and sensitivity measurement. Six disease-specific tools were identified in this SR. However, they all lack full psychometric evaluation. Conclusion: This review indicates that an extensive research in the field of QOL tools for HS is much needed. It is crucial to develop user-friendly and validate disease-specific tools to measure the real impact of disease on patients QOL. QOL instruments can evaluate the impact on life of an HS patient, thus helping improve intervention and management of disease. There is a necessity for more research into existing HS-specific QOL tools and they should be widely tested and fully validated.
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Toxic epidermal necrolysis and Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) are potentially life-threatening dermatological emergencies that present in a similar clinical fashion. Toxic epidermal necrolysis is typically triggered by anticonvulsant and other neurological medications and reports clindamycin inducing the disease is exceedingly rare. SSSS seldomly occurs in adult patients. We present the case of a 60-year-old male presenting with dermatological rash covering >80% his body surface. Diagnosis and therapy involved multidisciplinary contribution from medical physicians, dermatologists, microbiologists and histopathologists to provide a favourable outcome.
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The relative risk of developing cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is significantly increased after organ transplantation. We investigated the genetic association of SCC in two pathways associated with cancer risks, with the potential for modification by vitamin supplementation. A total of 367 renal transplant recipients (117 with SCC and 250 without any skin cancer) were genotyped for key polymorphisms in the folate pathway (methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase; MTHFR:C677T), and the vitamin D pathway (vitamin D receptor: Intron8G/T;). Individuals carrying the MTHFR 677T allele had a marked increase in risk of SCC (adjusted odds ratio=2.54, P=0.002, after adjustment for age, ender, skin type, sun exposure score, and immunosuppression duration; lower 95% confidence boundary odds ratio of 1.41). In contrast, vitamin D receptor polymorphisms were not significantly associated. Folate-sensitive pathways may play a critical role in the elevated rate of SCC in renal transplant recipients.