Low-Grade Oligodendroglioma of the Pineal Region: Case Report.

Background Although germ cell tumors and pineal cell tumors account for most of the histologic tumor subtypes, > 17 different tumors can arise in this location. We report a rare case of a low-grade oligodendroglioma that arose in the pineal region. Clinical Presentation A young woman complaining of a headache underwent magnetic resonance imaging that showed a mass in the pineal region and mild hydrocephalus. A ventriculoperitoneal shunt was performed followed by a near-total tumor removal, due to tumor invasion of the tectal plate and thalamus. The histologic examination confirmed the diagnosis of a low-grade oligodendroglioma. The patient then underwent chemotherapy and radiotherapy as adjuvant therapies. Conclusion Although the pineal region is a common place for a large number of tumoral lesions, low-grade oligodendrogliomas are extremely rare in this location. This case is only the second account of a benign oligodendroglioma of the pineal region reported in the literature.

Reversible Obstructive Hydrocephalus from Hypertensive Encephalopathy: A Condition that Neurosurgeons Must Know / Hidrocefalia obstrutiva reversível secundária a encefalopatia hipertensiva: uma condição que o neurocirurgião deve conhecer

The vasogenic edema in structures of posterior fossa secondary to elevated hydrostatic pressure can cause obstructive hydrocephalus, a condition called "reversible obstructive hydrocephalus from hypertensive encephalopathy." A case of a 27-year-old woman with arterial hypertension and sign of raised intracranial pressure is reported. Her radiologic studies have showed vasogenic cerebellar edema without structural lesion. This edema leads to obstruction of the cerebral aqueduct. We discuss the clinical and therapeutic aspects of this condition. In this clinical situation, the accurate control of blood pressure is themain goal on medical care, and the need of permanent ventricular shunt is quite infrequent.

O edema vasogênico secundário a elevação da pressão hidrostática capilar pode causar hidrocefalia obstrutiva, a chamada Hidrocefalia Obstrutiva Reversível secundária a Encefalopatia Hipertensiva. Nós apresentamos umcaso de umamulher de 27 anos com hipertensão arterial e sinais de hipertensão intracraniana. Sua investigação radiológica evidenciou sinais de edema vasogênico cerebelar bilateral sem lesão estrutural, determinando obstrução do aqueduto cerebral Nós discutimos os aspectos clínicos e terapêuticos deste caso. Nesta condição, o adequado controle da pressão arterial é a principal medida terapêutica, sendo a necessidade de derivação liquórica permanente infrequente.

Hemorrhagic onset of spinal angiolipoma.

Spinal angiolipomas are rare benign tumors that generally induce slow progressive cord compression. Here, the authors describe a case of sudden-onset palsy of the lower extremities caused by hemorrhagic spinal angiolipoma. An emergent laminectomy was performed to achieve total lesion removal. Follow-up examinations indicated neurological improvement and the absence of recurrence.