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Benzoyl peroxide (BPO) is widely used as a whitening agent in flour, but excessive intake of BPO will severely endanger human health. To quickly and accurately detect BPO on-site, we have rationally designed a novel fluorescent probe PTPY-BE with dual-reaction sites. PTPY-BE underwent a specific cascade reaction with BPO to achieve high-contrast fluorescence turn-on response along with significant achromic reaction. The probe has high sensitivity, excellent selectivity, strong anti-interference ability and low detection limit (LOD = 0.83 mg·kg-1) for BPO. Furthermore, a portable detection platform was fabricated, which offers the portability and color visualization of traditional test strips and the color recognition of a smart device, enabling on-site visualization and quantitative detection of BPO. This platform has been successfully used to determine BPO in real food samples with good recoveries (93.59% - 107.13%). Therefore, this platform possessed great prospect and potential application for the determination of BPO in food.
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Phototherapy, including photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT), has the advantages of spatiotemporal selectivity, non-invasiveness, and negligible drug resistance. Phototherapy has been approved for treating superficial epidermal tumors. However, its therapeutic efficacy is limited by the hypoxic tumor microenvironment and the highly expressed heat shock protein. Moreover, poor tissue penetration and focused irradiation laser region in phototherapy make treating deep tissues and metastatic tumors challenging. Combination therapy strategies, which integrate the advantages of each treatment and overcome their disadvantages, can significantly improve the therapeutic efficacy. Recently, many combination therapy strategies have been reported. Our study summarizes the strategies used for combining phototherapy with other cancer treatments such as chemotherapy, immunotherapy, sonodynamic therapy, gas therapy, starvation therapy, and chemodynamic therapy. Some research cases were selected to analyze the combination therapy effect, delivery platform feature, and synergetic anticancer mechanisms. Moreover, additional research cases are summarized in the tables. This review provides strong evidence that phototherapy-based combination strategies can enhance the anticancer effect compared with phototherapy alone. Additionally, the challenges and future perspectives associated with these combinational therapies are discussed.
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Neoplasias , Humanos , Neoplasias/terapia , Neoplasias/tratamiento farmacológico , Antineoplásicos/química , Antineoplásicos/farmacología , Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico , Fototerapia/métodos , Terapia Combinada , Animales , Fotoquimioterapia , Fármacos Fotosensibilizantes/química , Fármacos Fotosensibilizantes/farmacología , Fármacos Fotosensibilizantes/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most lethal and highly malignant tumors. Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is a new cancer treatment method. One of its unique advantages lies in the treatment of deep tumors due to its excellent tissue penetration ability caused by ultrasound (US). However, most sonosensitizers suffer from weak sonodynamic activity and poor tumor-targeting ability. In addition, small interfering RNA (siRNA) is a promising anticancer drug, and the efficacy of siRNA-based gene therapy largely depends on the cell impermeability of the gene carrier. Here, we designed and synthesized a cationic polythiophene derivative (PT2) that can be used as a siRNA carrier for gene therapy. Moreover, PT2 could generate singlet oxygen (1O2) and hydroxyl radicals (O2â¢-) under US irradiation, which suggests that PT2 could be used for SDT. Our study discovered that NUDT1 promoted HCC proliferation and inhibited intracellular ROS production. Therefore, si-NUDT1 was designed and synthesized. NUDT1 silencing can inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells and increase the production of intracellular ROS to further improve the efficacy of SDT. Then, si-NUDT1 assembled with PT2 and DSPE-PEG-FA to prepare a novel tumor-targeting nanodrug (PT2-siRNA@PEG-FA) for synergic SDT and gene therapy of HCC.
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Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Cationes , Terapia Genética , Neoplasias Hepáticas , Polímeros , ARN Interferente Pequeño , Tiofenos , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/terapia , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/tratamiento farmacológico , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/genética , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patología , Tiofenos/química , Tiofenos/uso terapéutico , Tiofenos/farmacología , Neoplasias Hepáticas/terapia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/genética , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patología , Neoplasias Hepáticas/tratamiento farmacológico , Polímeros/química , Humanos , ARN Interferente Pequeño/genética , Terapia Genética/métodos , Cationes/química , Terapia por Ultrasonido , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Animales , Ratones , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Línea Celular Tumoral , Células Hep G2 , Ratones DesnudosRESUMEN
Redox potential plays a key role in regulating intracellular signaling pathways, with its quantitative analysis in individual cells benefiting our understanding of the underlying mechanism in the pathophysiological events. Here, a metal organic framework (MOF)-functionalized SERS nanopotentiometer has been developed for the dynamic monitoring of intracellular redox potential. The approach is based on the encapsulation of zirconium-based MOF (Uio-66-F4) on a surface of gold-silver nanorods (Au-Ag NRs) that is modified with the newly synthesized redox-sensitive probe ortho-mercaptohydroquinone (HQ). Thanks to size exclusion of MOF as the chemical protector, the nanopotentiometer can be adapted to long-term use and possess high anti-interference ability toward nonredox species. Combining the superior fingerprint identification of SERS with the electrochemical activity of the quinone/hydroquinone, the nanopotentiometer shows a reversible redox responsivity and can quantify redox potential with a relatively wide range of -250-100 mV. Furthermore, the nanopotentiometer allows for dynamic visualization of intracellular redox potential changes induced by drugs' stimulation in a high-resolution manner. The developed approach would be promising for offering new insights into the correlation between redox potential and tumor proliferation-involved processes such as oxidative stress and hypoxia.
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Oro , Estructuras Metalorgánicas , Oxidación-Reducción , Plata , Circonio , Estructuras Metalorgánicas/química , Humanos , Oro/química , Plata/química , Circonio/química , Espectrometría Raman , Nanotubos/química , Hidroquinonas/química , Nanopartículas del Metal/químicaRESUMEN
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is characterized by a high degree of malignancy and mortality. Sorafenib (SOR), a multi-kinase inhibitor, is clinically used in the treatment of HCC. However, SOR suffers from serious side effects and drug resistance. The development of novel therapeutic strategies for HCC therapy is urgently needed. Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) has unique advantages in treating deep tumors due to the merits of deep tissue penetration, low side effects, and the absence of drug resistance. Here, we developed multifunctional nanoparticles (NPs) termed SOR-TCPP@PEG-FA by assembling SOR, tetrakis (4-carboxyphenyl) porphyrin (TCPP), and folic acid (FA)-modified DSPE-PEG. The FA group enhances the tumor targeting capability of these NPs, while TCPP generates ROS under ultrasound (US) irradiation, which are toxic to tumor cells, and SOR with chemotherapeutic effects is released, thus realizing the synergistic SDT and chemotherapy of tumors.
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Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Neoplasias Hepáticas , Nanopartículas , Porfirinas , Humanos , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/tratamiento farmacológico , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patología , Sorafenib , Neoplasias Hepáticas/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patología , Porfirinas/farmacología , Porfirinas/uso terapéutico , Línea Celular TumoralRESUMEN
Combining phototherapy with other treatments has significantly advanced cancer therapy. Here, we designed and fabricated calcium-enriched carbon nanoparticles (Ca-CNPs) that could effectively deplete glutathione (GSH) and release calcium ions in tumors, thereby enhancing the efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and the calcium overload effect that leads to mitochondrial dysfunction. Due to the electrostatic interaction, π-π stacking interaction, multiple hydrogen bonds, and microporous structures, indocyanine green (ICG) was loaded onto the surface of Ca-CNPs with a high loading efficiency of 44.7 wt%. The obtained Ca-CNPs@ICG can effectively improve the photostability of ICG while retaining its ability to generate singlet oxygen (1O2) and undergo photothermal conversion (Ca-CNPs@ICG vs. ICG, 45.1% vs. 39.5%). In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that Ca-CNPs@ICG could be used for near-infrared fluorescence imaging-guided synergistic calcium overload, photothermal therapy, and GSH depletion-enhanced PDT. This study sheds light on the improvement of 1O2 utilization efficiency and calcium overload-induced mitochondrial membrane potential imbalance in tumor cells.
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Nanopartículas , Neoplasias , Fotoquimioterapia , Humanos , Verde de Indocianina/farmacología , Verde de Indocianina/química , Calcio , Terapia Fototérmica , Nanopartículas/química , Neoplasias/terapia , Imagen Óptica , Carbono/farmacologíaRESUMEN
Nitrite is a carcinogenic substance in food. Excessive consumption of nitrite severely endangers human health. However, rapid and accurate quantification of nitrite by a simple tool is still very challenging. In this work, we designed a practical sensing platform based on 8-(o-phenylenediamine)-boron dipyrromethene (BDP-OPD) to determine nitrite in food. BDP-OPD can take a specific diazotization-cyclization cascade reaction with nitrite to form boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY), giving rise to a remarkable chromogenic reaction along with high contrast fluorescence turn-on response towards nitrite. BDP-OPD has high sensitivity, rapid response, and good selectivity. Furthermore, a portable smartphone-based fluorescence device integrated with a self-programmed Python program was fabricated, which has been successfully used to determine nitrite in food with the advantages of rapid response, low cost, ease of operation, portability, and satisfactory recoveries (92-112%). The good sensing performance rendered BDP-OPD a promising fluorescence platform for on-site visual detection of nitrite.
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Compuestos de Boro , Nitritos , Humanos , Espectrometría de Fluorescencia , Teléfono Inteligente , Colorantes Fluorescentes , Límite de DetecciónRESUMEN
Bacterial pneumonia is a serious respiratory illness that poses a great threat to human life. Rapid and precise diagnosis of bacterial pneumonia is crucial for symptomatic clinical treatment. Endogenous carbon monoxide (CO) is regarded as a significant indicator of bacterial pneumonia; herein, we developed a near-infrared (NIR) probe for fluorescence and photoacoustic (PA) dual-mode imaging of endogenous CO in bacterial pneumonia. NO2-BODIPY could rapidly and specifically react with CO to produce strong NIR fluorescence as well as ratiometric PA signals. NO2-BODIPY has outstanding features including fast response, fluorescence/PA dual mode signals, good specificity, and a low limit of detection (LOD = 20.3 nM), which enables it to image endogenous CO in cells and bacterial pneumonia mice with high sensitivity and high contrast ratio. In particular, NO2-BODIPY has two-photon excited (1340 nm, σ1 = 1671 GM) NIR fluorescence and has been utilized to image endogenous CO in bacterial pneumonia mice with deep tissue penetration. NO2-BODIPY has been demonstrated a good capability of fluorescence/PA dual-mode imaging of CO in bacterial pneumonia mice, providing a precise manner to diagnose bacterial pneumonia.
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Colorantes Fluorescentes , Dióxido de Nitrógeno , Ratones , Humanos , Animales , Compuestos de Boro , Diagnóstico por Imagen , Imagen ÓpticaRESUMEN
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) can progress to cirrhosis and liver cancer if left untreated. Therefore, it is of great importance to develop useful tools for the noninvasive and accurate diagnosis of NAFLD. Increased microenvironmental viscosity was considered as a biomarker of NAFLD, but the occurrence of increased viscosity in other liver diseases highly reduces the diagnosis accuracy of NAFLD by a single detection of viscosity. Hence, it is very necessary to seek a second biomarker of NAFLD. It has been innovatively proposed that the overexpressed heme oxygenase-1 enzyme in NAFLD would produce abnormally high concentrations of CO in hepatocytes and that CO could serve as a potential biomarker. In this work, we screened nine lactam Changsha dyes (HCO-1-HCO-9) with delicate structures to obtain near-infrared (NIR), metal-free, and "dual-locked" fluorescent probes for the simultaneous detection of CO and viscosity. Changsha dyes with a 2-pyridinyl hydrazone substituent could sense CO, and the 5-position substituents on the 2-pyridinyl moiety had a great electron effect on the reaction rate. The double bond in these dyes served as the sensing group for viscosity. Probe HCO-9 was utilized for precise diagnosis of NAFLD by simultaneous detection of CO and viscosity. Upon reacting with CO in a high-viscosity microenvironment, strong fluorescence at 745 nm of probe HCO-9 was turned on with NIR excitation at 700 nm. Probe HCO-9 was proven to be an effective tool for imaging CO and viscosity. Due to the advantages of NIR absorption and low toxicity, probe HCO-9 was successfully applied to image NAFLD in a mouse model.
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Enfermedad del Hígado Graso no Alcohólico , Ratones , Animales , Enfermedad del Hígado Graso no Alcohólico/diagnóstico por imagen , Colorantes Fluorescentes/química , Monóxido de Carbono , Viscosidad , BiomarcadoresRESUMEN
Sonodynamic therapy (SDT), an emerging treatment for solid tumors, has the advantages of deep tissue penetration, non-invasiveness, low side effects, and negligible drug resistance. However, the hypoxic environment of deep solid tumors can discount the efficacy of oxygenated dependent SDT. Here, we synthesized a polythiophene-based sonosensitizer (PT2) and a two-dimensional pleated niobium carbide (Nb2C) Mxene. PT2 was loaded onto the surface of poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP)-coated Nb2C MXene through electrostatic interaction to obtain Nb2C-PVP-PT2 nanosheets (NSs) with a high loading efficiency of 153.7%. Nb2C MXene exhibited catalase-like activity, which could catalyze hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to produce O2, in turn alleviating tumor hypoxia and enhancing the efficacy of SDT. The depletion of H2O2 further results in abnormal cellular H2O2 levels and reduced tumor cell activity. Moreover, the decomposed NSs led to the release of the sonosensitizer PT2 that can efficiently generate both singlet oxygen and superoxide anions under ultrasound irradiation. These events led to the inhibition of DNA replication of tumor cells, causing tumor cell death, allowing for enhanced SDT efficacy.
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Peróxido de Hidrógeno , Neoplasias , Humanos , Catalasa , Neoplasias/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias/patología , Línea Celular TumoralRESUMEN
Vascular disruption agent (combretastatin A-4 phosphate) and phototherapeutic (IEICO-4F) assembled nanoparticles (IFC NPs) were prepared for the first time. The IFC NPs have a high photo energy utilization efficiency of up to 96.1%, and could significantly inhibit tumor growth by photodynamic and photothermal therapy enhanced tumor vascular disruption.
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Nanopartículas , Neoplasias , Fotoquimioterapia , Humanos , Neoplasias/tratamiento farmacológico , Nanopartículas/uso terapéutico , Línea Celular TumoralRESUMEN
Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) has emerged as a promising treatment approach of solid tumors given its deep tissue penetration, non-invasiveness, few side effects, and negligible drug resistance. Herein, we report the first polythiophene derivative-based sonosensitizer (PT2) containing a quaternary ammonium salt and dodecyl chains with better ultrasound stability than that of traditional sonosensitizers, such as Rose Bengal and chlorin e6. PT2 was encapsulated by folic acid-containing polyethylene glycol. The obtained nanoparticles (PDPF NPs) exhibited excellent biocompatibility, cancer cell-targeting capacity, and accumulated mainly in the lysosomes and plasma membranes of cells. These NPs could generate singlet oxygen and superoxide anions simultaneously under ultrasound irradiation. In vitro and in vivo experimental results demonstrated that PDPF NPs could induce cancer-cell death through apoptosis and necrosis, inhibit DNA replication, and ultimately achieve tumor depletion upon US irradiation. These findings revealed that polythiophene could serve as an efficacious sonosensitizer for enhanced US treatment of deep-seated tumors.
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Nanopartículas , Terapia por Ultrasonido , Terapia por Ultrasonido/métodos , Línea Celular Tumoral , Membrana Celular , LisosomasRESUMEN
Correction for 'Copper coordination-based conjugated polymer nanoparticles for synergistic photodynamic and chemodynamic therapy' by Qiang Cheng et al., Chem. Commun., 2023, https://doi.org/10.1039/d3cc01107k.
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In this work, we developed a red-absorbing photosensitizer (NBS-ER) with specific targeting ability toward estrogen receptors (ER). NBS-ER could specifically bind the overexpressed ER in breast cancers to increase its accumulation, thereby amplifying the photodynamic therapeutic effect. With the aid of red fluorescence from NBS-ER, imaging-guided therapy could be achieved.
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Neoplasias de la Mama , Fotoquimioterapia , Humanos , Femenino , Fármacos Fotosensibilizantes/farmacología , Fármacos Fotosensibilizantes/uso terapéutico , Neoplasias de la Mama/metabolismo , Estradiol/farmacología , Estradiol/metabolismoRESUMEN
In this work, we presented a copper coordination-based conjugated polymer nanoparticle (PPE-Cu NPs) for synergistic PDT/CDT. Upon irradiation, PPE-Cu NPs exhibited good singlet oxygen generation capability (ΦΔ = 0.33). Meanwhile, PPE-Cu NPs were able to generate ËOH in the presence of GSH and H2O2. Cellular experiments demonstrated that PPE-Cu NPs can serve as effective agents for synergistic PDT/CDT therapy.
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Nanopartículas , Neoplasias , Fotoquimioterapia , Humanos , Polímeros/uso terapéutico , Cobre/uso terapéutico , Peróxido de Hidrógeno , Línea Celular Tumoral , Neoplasias/tratamiento farmacológico , Microambiente Tumoral , GlutatiónRESUMEN
AX11890, an inhibitor of overexpressed enzyme, KIAA1363, in some breast cancers, was conjugated with a benzo[a]phenothiazinium photosensitizer to develop a tumor micro-environment-responsive photosensitizer NBS-L-AX. In normal cells, the special geometry of NBS-L-AX causes the fluorescence and photodynamic therapeutic (PDT) effect of NBS-L to be quenched. In cancer cells, when allowed to interact with the enzyme KIAA1363, the geometry of NBS-L-AX changes such that it becomes fluorescent and photodynamically active. Thus, the material of NBS-L-AX serves as an activated imaging and PDT treatment agent for breast cancers. In addition, NBS-L-AX also shows a selective inhibition effect against breast cancer cells.
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Neoplasias de la Mama , Fotoquimioterapia , Humanos , Femenino , Fármacos Fotosensibilizantes/farmacología , Fármacos Fotosensibilizantes/uso terapéutico , Fotoquimioterapia/métodos , Fluorescencia , Neoplasias de la Mama/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias de la Mama/tratamiento farmacológico , Línea Celular Tumoral , Microambiente TumoralRESUMEN
Since the discovery of supramolecular chemistry in 1987.
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As a new zero-dimensional carbon-based material, carbon dots (CDs) have attracted extensive attention owing to their advantages such as easy preparation and surface modification, good biocompatibility and water solubility, and tunable photochemical properties. CDs have become one of the most promising nanomaterials in the field of fluorescent sensing, bioimaging, and cancer therapy. How to precisely regulate the photochemical properties, especially the absorption, fluorescence, phosphorescence, reactive oxygen species generation, and photothermal conversion of the CDs, is the key to developing highly efficient phototheranostics for cancer treatment. Although many studies on cancer therapy using CDs have been published, no review has focused on the regulation of photochemical properties of CDs for phototheranostic applications. In this review, we summarized the strategies such as the selection of suitable carbon source, heteroatomic doping, optimum reaction conditions, surface modification, and assembly strategy to efficiently regulate the photochemical properties of the CDs to meet the requirements of different practical applications. This review might provide some valuable insight and new ideas for the development of CDs with excellent phototheranostic performance. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology Diagnostic Tools > In Vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging.
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Medicina de Precisión , Puntos Cuánticos , Puntos Cuánticos/química , Carbono/química , Nanomedicina Teranóstica/métodos , Colorantes Fluorescentes/químicaRESUMEN
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) plays an irreplaceable role in protecting the central nervous system (CNS) from bloodborne pathogens. However, the BBB complicates the treatment of CNS diseases because it prevents almost all therapeutic drugs from getting into the CNS. With the growing understanding of the physiological characteristics of the BBB and the development of nanotechnology, nanomaterial-based drug delivery systems have become promising tools for delivering drugs across the BBB to the CNS. Herein, we systematically summarize the recent progress in organic-nanoparticle delivery systems for treating CNS diseases and evaluate their mechanisms in overcoming the BBB with the aim to provide a comprehensive understanding of the advantages, disadvantages, and challenges of organic nanoparticles in delivering drugs across the BBB. This review may inspire new research ideas and directions for applying nanotechnology to treat CNS diseases.
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Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso Central , Nanopartículas , Humanos , Barrera Hematoencefálica , Preparaciones Farmacéuticas , Encéfalo , Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso Central/tratamiento farmacológicoRESUMEN
Phototherapeutic agents with near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence, strong reactive oxygen species generation and photothermal conversion capabilities are highly desirable for use in cancer therapy. Herein, a water-soluble NIR croconaine dye (TCR) with a thiophene-croconaine rigid core and two symmetric alkyl chains was designed and synthesized. TCR exhibits intense NIR absorption and fluorescence that peaked at 780 and 815 nm, respectively, with a high molar extinction coefficient of 1.19 × 105 M-1 cm-1. Moreover, TCR has a high photothermal conversion efficiency of 77% and is capable of generating hydroxyl radicals (OHË) under 735 nm laser irradiation. Based on these outstanding properties, TCR has proven its application in NIR fluorescence imaging-guided synergistic photothermal/photodynamic therapy of cancer.