[A bronchogenic cervical cyst. A case report]. / Quiste broncogénico cervical. A propósito de un caso.

The bronchogenic cyst is a tracheobronchial tree congenital malformation, normally intrathoracic. Usually presenting as an acute respiratory insufficiency (especially during infancy) or as recurrent respiratory infections or may be an accidental finding in asymptomatic patients. We present a rare case of cervical localization which began as an acute respiratory distress following a tonsilar infection.

[Aspergillosis of maxillary sinus: a case report]. / Aspergillosis de seno maxilar. A propósito de un caso.

A case of semi-invasive maxillary aspergillosis that presented with epiphora and responded well to surgical treatment is reported. Sixteen percent of cases of chronic sinusitis are produced by mycosis (particularly aspergillosis). The infection may be limited to the affected sinus (non-invasive forms) or may destroy the sinus wall, without tissue invasion (semi-invasive forms) or with tissue invasion (invasive forms). The diagnosis is mainly histological. Cultures present a high percentage of false positives and negatives. Treatment consists of surgical debridement of the sinus. Systemic amphotericin B is reserved for invasive aspergillosis (particularly fulminant cases).

[The study of the evolution of laryngeal premalignant lesions]. / Estudio evolutivo de lesiones premalignas laríngeas.

Hyperkeratosis of the laryngeal epithelium is considered a clinically premalignant lesion that develops into invasive carcinoma in about 7-20% of cases. We reviewed 125 cases of patients with laryngeal keratosis in biopsy obtained by direct laryngocopy over a 10-year period. The evolution of these lesions to malignancy was conditioned by age, the presence of atypias in the initial lesions, and smoking; smoking is a modifiable factor. Surgery is the treatment of choice, with periodic follow-up for three to five years. The literature was reviewed.

[Myringoplasty: onlay vs. underlay. Review of 460 cases]. / Miringoplastia: onlay versus underlay. Revisión de 460 casos.

A retrospective review was made of 460 myringoplasties performed in our department from 1984 to 1990. In 80%, the perforation closed successfully. There were no differences in site, size, cause, or previous operations. Results were statistically better with the onlay technique than with the underlay technique, particularly in large perforations. Poorer results were obtained in younger patients, a difference that almost reached statistical significance. Hearing improved in 64% of patients with closed perforations and hearing deteriorated in 29% (2.1% complete hearing loss).

[Mediastinitis secondary to Ludwig's angina. One case report]. / Mediastinitis secundaria a angina de Ludwig. A propósito de un caso.

Ludwig's angina is a cellulitis, usually of odontogenic origin, involving the submandibular space. The number of cases has been heavily lowered since the introduction of antibiotherapy. The treatment consists in an aggressive antibiotherapy and, sometimes, surgical drainage. Complications are: acute respiratory obstruction and spreading of the infection through the neck spaces till the mediastinum. We report one cas complicated with mediastinitis which diagnosis was based in radiological data, basically provided for TAC, The treatment required surgical drainage and antibiotherapy.

[Acute respiratory obstruction caused by laryngeal rheumatoid arthritis]. / Obstrucción respiratoria aguda por artritis reumatoide laríngea.

We present a case of acute upper airway obstruction due to cricoarytenoid arthritis in severe rheumatoid arthritis. Although laryngeal involvement is common in severe rheumatoid arthritis, the upper airway obstruction is a very rare complication. The endotracheal intubation may be very difficult in these patients, thus fiberotopic bronchoscopy may be useful. Surgery is the final treatment.

[Necrotic sialometaplasia of the hard palate]. / Sialometaplasia necrotizante del paladar duro.

Necrotizing Sialometaplasia is an intrabucal bening pathological change, clinically presented as an ulceration of the hard palate. Either clinically or histologically its resemblance with an squamous carcinoma offers heavy problems of differential diagnosis. The process heals spontaneously in different periods of time. The AA. present 2 cases diagnosed at their Department.