Imaging evalution of the gingival fibromatosis and dental abnormalities syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dentomaxillofacial imaging features of one family affected by the gingival fibromatosis (GF) and dental abnormalities (DA) syndrome. METHODS: Conventional radiographs (periapical and panoramic) and cone beam CT (CBCT) were performed in nine members of this family: four were affected by the syndrome and five were not. RESULTS: The four affected members demonstrated mild generalized GF in association with DA, including hypoplastic amelogenesis imperfecta, intrapulpal calcifications, delay on tooth eruption and pericoronal radiolucencies in unerupted teeth. None of these oral changes were identified in the five unaffected members. All nine members presented alterations in the paranasal sinuses and mucosal thickening of the maxillary sinus was the most common finding. CONCLUSION: Family members not affected by the syndrome showed similar alterations in the paranasal sinuses and CBCT was useful to characterize the dentomaxillofacial features of this new syndrome associating GF and DA.

Idiopathic gingival fibromatosis: description of two cases.

Gingival fibromatosis is an enlargement localized or generalized of the gingival tissue characterized by an expansion and accumulation of the connective tissue, predominantly type I collagen, with occasional presence of increased number of cells, supposed fibroblastic proliferation. Gingival fibromatosis can be induced as a side effect of systemic drugs, such as phenytoin, cyclosporin, and nifedipine, or due to hereditary factors. However, in some cases, the gingival overgrowth is idiopathic. This paper reports two cases of idiopathic gingival fibromatosis and discusses the diagnosis, histopathological features, treatment and immunohistochemical evaluation of myofibroblasts of this condition. The tissues removed were fixed in formalin, and sections used for hematoxylin and eosin and Masson tricromic stain. To determine the presence of myofibroblasts, we performed immunohistochemistry against a-SMA protein. Histological examination revealed epithelial hyperplasia with long rete pegs and increase in the dense fibrous connective tissue. The Masson tricromic stain revealed wide bundles of collagen strongly stained. It was showed negative labeling to a-SMA. These results strongly suggest that myofibroblasts are not involved in gingival overgrowth in the cases of IGF reported. Future studies will be necessary to determine the pathogenesis of idiopathic gingival fibromatosis.

Effectiveness of computed tomography to evaluate central giant cell lesion.

Central giant cell lesion (CGCL) is a benign disease involving the mandible (70%) more than the maxilla; it tends to be more common in women. Clinically, the lesion may be associated with pain, tooth displacement, facial asymmetry, paraesthesia and ulceration of the mucosa. The radiographic aspect of CGCL is highly variable since it may appear as a unilocular or multilocular radiolucent area with expansion and perforation of the cortical bone. Few previous reports have dealt with the usefulness of CT in the evaluation of this lesion. The purpose of this study is to report the clinical and imaging features of a case, including CT, treated by a conservative method.