[Large intraosseous ganglion in the femoral condyle treated with resorbable cement: clinical case and differential diagnosis]. / Ganglión intraóseo de gran tamaño en cóndilo femoral tratado con cemento reabsorbible: caso clínico y diagnóstico diferencial.

We report a case of a very large intraosseous ganglion in a patient with Down's syndrome. The lesion was located in the medial femoral condyle and was diagnosed with imaging techniques (X-rays, CAT scan, bone scan and magnetic resonance imaging) that allowed measuring it. Treatment consisted of curettage and filling of the defect with the skeletal repair system carbonated apatite resorbable cement which allowed for immediate early weight bearing during the postoperative period in a non-cooperative patient. We think the location and size of the lesion are of interest, as well as the peculiarities of the patient, which may help understand the pathophysiology of this entity. As far as we know, the use of resorbable cement to treat this kind of lesions has not been reported.

[Femoral superficial vein thrombosis due to a large iliopsoas bursitis secondary to polyethylene wear debris in total hip arthroplasty]. / Trombosis de la vena femoral superficial por gran bursitis en psoas secundaria a enfermedad de las partículas en artroplastia total de cadera.

A 76 year old male patient with a history of implantation of a total hip arthroplasty Perfecta (Orthomet(®)), who presented with an iliac fossa mass, increased diameter of the thigh, and pain during hip flexion and extension. CT and ultrasound show the presence of a giant cystic mass in left iliac fossa about 7 cm in diameter next to the prosthesis. A pseudo-tumour secondary to wear debris after placement of a total arthroplasty is rare. We present a case of a large iliopsoas bursitis caused by polyethylene particles, which caused compression and thrombosis of the superficial femoral vein.

Trombosis de la vena femoral superficial por gran bursitis en psoas secundaria a enfermedad de las partículas en artroplastia total de cadera / Femoral superficial vein thrombosis due to a large iliopsoas bursitis secondary to polyethylene wear debris in total hip arthroplasty

Paciente varón de 76 años, con antecedente de implantación de prótesis total de cadera tipo Perfecta (Orthomet®), que consulta por masa en fosa ilíaca, con aumento del diámetro del muslo y dolor flexión y extensión de la cadera. Los estudios complementarios de ecografía y tomografía evidencian la presencia de una tumoración quística gigante lobulada en fosa ilíaca izquierda de unos 7cm de diámetro en la proximidad de la prótesis. La formación quística ocasionada por la enfermedad del polietileno tras la colocación de una artroplastia total de cadera es poco frecuente. Presentamos un caso de bursitis del psoas de gran tamaño, secundaria a la liberación de partículas del polietileno, que ocasionó compresión y trombosis de la vena femoral superficial (AU)

A 76 year old male patient with a history of implantation of a total hip arthroplasty Perfecta (Orthomet®), who presented with an iliac fossa mass, increased diameter of the thigh, and pain during hip flexion and extension. CT and ultrasound show the presence of a giant cystic mass in left iliac fossa about 7cm in diameter next to the prosthesis. A pseudo-tumour secondary to wear debris after placement of a total arthroplasty is rare. We present a case of a large iliopsoas bursitis caused by polyethylene particles, which caused compression and thrombosis of the superficial femoral vein (AU)

[Superficial femoral vein thrombosis due to large psoas bursitis secondary to particle disease in total hip arthroplasty]. / Trombosis de vena femoral superficial por bursitis del psoas posterior a artroplastía total de cadera.

Male, 76 year-old patient with a history of total hip arthroplasty who presents with a mass in the iliac fossa with swelling of the thigh and hip pain upon flexion and extension. Complementary ultrasound and computed tomography scan studies show a giant lobulated cystic mass in the left iliac fossa, 7 cm in diameter, near the prosthesis. Cyst formation caused by polyethylene disease after total hip arthroplasty is infrequent. We present a case of large psoas bursitis secondary to the release of polyethylene particles which caused superficial femoral vein compression and thrombosis.

[Thrombosis of the superficial femoral vein due to psoas bursitis secondary to particle disease in total hip arthroplasty]. / Trombosis de la vena femoral superficial por bursitis del psoas secundaria a enfermedad de las partículas en artroplastía total de cadera.

The case of a male 76 year-old patient with a history of total hip replacement surgery is presented herein. The patient had tumors in the iliac fossa with swelling of the thigh and pain upon hip flexion and extension. The complementary ultrasound and computed tomography show a large lobed cystic tumor in the left iliac fossa, 7 cm in diameter, close to the prosthesis. The diagnosis was psoas bursitis secondary to the release of polyethylene particles that caused compression and thrombosis of the superficial femoral vein. Cyst formation caused by polyethylene disease after total hip arthroplasty is infrequent.

Cinética de crecimiento in vitro de osteoblastos humanos sobre cerámica porosa de hidroxiapatita / In vitro growth kinematics of human osteoblasts on porous hydroxyapatite ceramics

Objetivo. Estudio de la respuesta in vitro de osteoblastos humanos frente a una cerámica porosa de hidroxiapatita para su consideración como matriz en ingeniería tisular. Material y método. Se han aislado caracterizado y cultivado osteoblastos humanos. Se sembraron sobre discos del material y sobre plástico (control) y se ha estudiado mediante técnica de reducción de la sal de tetrazolio su adherencia, extensión y proliferación. Se comprobó sus características funcionales, determinando la producción de fosfatasas alcalinas, osteocalcina, colágeno I y mineralización in vitro. Resultados. Las células se adhirieron y crecieron sobre la superficie del material, y en el interior de los poros. A las 24 horas se adhirieron el 20% de las células sembradas, mientras que en el control lo hicieron el 95%, además, se observó un crecimiento más lento. La producción de fosfatasas alcalinas, osteocalcina y colágeno I por las células que crecieron sobre la cerámica fue positiva y en similar rango que los controles. Conclusiones. Los osteoblastos colonizaron la cerámica de forma más lenta que el control, mantuvieron su fenotipo y produjeron matriz extracelular. El ensayo de reducción de las sales de tetrazolio (XTT) fue satisfactorio para cuantificar la proliferación de osteoblastos sobre la cerámica. El modelo utilizado permite cuantificar y observar la funcionalidad in vitro de osteoblastos en respuesta a cerámicas de hidroxiapatita. En función de los resultados obtenidos el material utilizado en el estudio puede ser considerado, en el campo de la ingeniería tisular, como una matriz adecuada para soportar el crecimiento de osteoblastos humanos

Purpose. To study the in vitro response of human osteoblasts when in contact with porous hydroxyapatite ceramics, with a view to considering them a matrix for tissue engineering. Materials and methods. Human osteoblasts were isolated, characterized and cultured. They were seeded onto discs made of HA and onto a plastic material (control) and their adhesiveness, extension and proliferation were studied by means of a tetrazolium salt reduction test. Their functional characteristics were examined in order to determine the production of alkaline phosphatases, osteocalcin, collagen I as well as in vitro mineralization. Results. The cells adhered to and grew onto the material's surface and inside its pores. Within 24 hours, 20% of seeded cells had adhered; in the control group this percentage was 95% and the growth was slower. The cells growing onto the ceramics were found to produce alkaline phosphatases, osteocalcin and collagen in amounts similar to those in the control group. Conclusions. Osteoblasts colonized the ceramics at a lower pace than plastic; they also retained their phenotype and generated extracellular matrix. The tetrazolium salt reduction test served the purpose of validating the proliferation of osteoblasts on the ceramics. The model used makes it possible to quantify and observe the in vitro functionality of osteoblasts in their response to hydroxyapatite ceramics. On the basis of the results obtained, the material used in the study can be considered, in the field of tissue engineering, a suitable matrix to support the growth of human osteoblasts

Respuesta ósea al implante de espuma de hidroxiapatita (HA-02). Estudio experimental en conejos / Bone response to implantation of hydroxyapatite foam (HA-02). Experimental study in rabbits

Introducción y objetivos. Se ha realizado un estudio experimental en modelo animal para analizar el comportamiento de una espuma de hidroxiapatita (HA-02) como potencial sustituto óseo. Material y método. En 12 conejos colocamos un implante (espuma HA-02) en las tibias. Los animales fueron sacrificados a la semana, uno, cinco y ocho meses. Se realizó el estudio radiológico y morfológico (microscopia óptica y microscopia electrónica de barrido). Resultados. Se observó crecimiento óseo en todos los períodos del estudio de forma centrípeta, alrededor y en el interior del implante, sin presentar tejido fibroso en la intercara implante-hueso huésped y sin reacción inflamatoria relevante. También se observó una disminución del volumen de los implantes. Discusión y conclusiones. La espuma HA-02 se ha comportado en nuestro estudio como material biocompatible, pues sólo provoca respuesta inflamatoria leve durante las dos primeras semanas, osteoconductor al permitir formación de tejido óseo en su interior y biorreabsorbible al sufrir reabsorción parcial por mecanismos celulares fagocíticos, sin originar productos intermedios. Por ello, puede considerarse la espuma de hidroxiapatita como potencial sustituto del tejido óseo

ntroduction and aims. An experimental study was made in an animal model to analyze the behavior of a hydroxyapatite foam (HA-02) as a possible bone substitute. Materials and methods. We implanted HA-02 foam in the tibias of 12 rabbits. We sacrificed groups of animals at one week and one, five, and eight months, respectively. A radiologic and morphologic (optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy) study was made. Results. Centripetal bone growth around and within the implanted material was observed in all study periods. There was no fibrous tissue formation on the implant-native bone interface and no relevant inflammatory reaction. Implant volume decreased. Discussion and conclusions. HA-02 foam behaved in this study as a biocompatible material, eliciting only a mild inflammatory response in the first two weeks. It also proved to be osteoconductive, facilitating bone formation within the foam, as well as bioabsorbable, because it allowed partial resorption by phagocytic cell mechanisms without originating intermediate products. Therefore, hydroxyapatite foam can be considered a potential substitute for bone tissue

Cerámica de biovidrio como vector biodegradable de liberación de gentamicina. Estudio experimental in vivo / Bioglass ceramic as biodegradable vector of gentamycin release. Experimental study in vivo

Se ha sintetizado un biomaterial con propiedades osteogénicas adecuado para ser utilizado para el tratamiento de defectos óseos y al mismo tiempo prevenir y tratar procesos infecciosos localizados en el hueso. Estos materiales están compuestos exclusivamente por sulfato de gentamicina y vidrio bioactivo SiO2-CaO-P2O5 obtenido por el procedimiento de sol-gel. Los implantes se procesaron por medio de presión uniaxial e isostática sobre la mezcla de los componentes. Después de su implantación en fémures de 20 conejos Nueva Zelanda, hemos estudiado: 1) la liberación del antibiótico, determinando la concentración en hueso proximal y distal, hígado, riñón y pulmón en función del tiempo de implantación, y 2) el crecimiento óseo como consecuencia de la bioactividad del vidrio. Los resultados mostraron que el implante es un buen transportador para la liberación local de gentamicina en tejido óseo, mostrando una excelente biocompatibilidad e integración ósea. Además, estos implantes son capaces de promover el crecimiento óseo durante su proceso de reabsorción (AU)

Biocompatibility and in vivo gentamicin release from bioactive sol-gel glass implants.

Biomaterial pieces, with suitable osteogenic properties for use in the treatment of bone defects and the capability to avoid bone infections, have been synthesized. These materials are composed exclusively of gentamicin sulfate and bioactive SiO(2)-CaO-P(2)O(5) sol-gel glass (previously synthesized). Implant processing was achieved by uniaxial and isostatic pressure of the components mixture. After implanting the pieces into rabbit femur, we studied (i) the antibiotic release, determining the concentration in proximal and distal bone, liver, kidney, and lung as a function of time; and (ii) the bone growth resulting from the glass reactivity in the biologic environment. The results indicate that the implants are good carriers for local gentamicin release in the osseous tissue, exhibiting excellent biocompatibility and bone integration. Moreover, these implants are able to promote bone growth during their resorption process.