RESUMEN
Background: Diagnosis of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) remains a challenge, especially when resources in pathology are limited. The study aimed to evaluate cost-effective tumor markers to predict the probability of MPM in plasma samples in order to accelerate the diagnostic workup of the tissue of potential cases. Methods: We conducted a case-control study stratified by gender, which included 75 incident cases with MPM from three Mexican hospitals and 240 controls frequency-matched by age and year of blood drawing. Plasma samples were obtained to determine mesothelin, calretinin, and thrombomodulin using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). We estimated the performance of the markers based on the area under the curve (AUC) and predicted the probability of an MPM diagnosis of a potential case based on the marker concentrations. Results: Mesothelin and calretinin, but not thrombomodulin were significant predictors of a diagnosis of MPM with AUCs of 0.90 (95% CI: 0.85-0.95), 0.88 (95% CI: 0.82-0.94), and 0.51 (95% CI: 0.41-0.61) in males, respectively. For MPM diagnosis in men we estimated a true positive rate of 0.79 and a false positive rate of 0.11 for mesothelin. The corresponding figures for calretinin were 0.81 and 0.18, and for both markers combined 0.84 and 0.11, respectively. Conclusions: We developed prediction models based on plasma concentrations of mesothelin and calretinin to estimate the probability of an MPM diagnosis. Both markers showed a good performance and could be used to accelerate the diagnostic workup of tissue samples in Mexico.
Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores de Tumor/análisis , Calbindina 2/sangre , Proteínas Ligadas a GPI/sangre , Mesotelioma/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Pleurales/diagnóstico , Anciano , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Femenino , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Masculino , Mesotelina , Mesotelioma/sangre , México , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias Pleurales/sangreRESUMEN
Se determinó la frecuencia de los hallazgos observados en el Servicio de Broncoscopía del Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, en las broncoscopías realizadas del 1º de 180 enero al 31 de diciembre de 2005, captando la información en una hoja basada en las alteraciones descritas por Shigeto Ikeda. De las 923 broncoscopías realizadas, se incluyen las de 595 adultos en quienes se exploró todo el árbol bronquial. No se incluyeron los enfermos menores de 18 años o con exploración parcial. Fueron 334 del sexo masculino y 261 del femenino. Se utilizaron videofibrobroncoscopios de 4.9 y 6.3 mm de diámetro externo. En 67 broncoscopías, 11.2%, no se encontraron alteraciones. En 528 hubo una o más, sumando en total 1,208 alteraciones. Los cambios anormales orgánicos de la pared bronquial fueron los más frecuentes con 637, 52.7%; las anormalidades endobronquiales 320, 26.4%; las sustancias anormales en la luz bronquial 232, 19.2%; finalmente, alteraciones dinámicas en 19, 1.5%. Predominan los cambios relacionados con cáncer. Se incluyen imágenes representativas.
During 2005 we did a prospective study to determine the frequency of macroscopic findings during conventional white light bronchoscopy; findings were registered in a database specifically designed for this purpose according to Shigeto Ikeda's bronchoscopic findings classification. Five hundred and ninety five adults (334 males, 261 females) underwent a complete bronchoscopic examination; we did not include incomplete studies nor cases without photo or videorecordings; a 4.9 and a 6.3 mm external diameter fiberoptic videobronchoscopes were used. We did not find abnormalities in 11.2%; the rest, 88.8% had one to four abnormalities for a total of 1208 abnormalities; 637 organic changes of the bronchial wall (52.7%), 320 endobronchial abnormalities (26.4%), 232 abnormal substances in the lumen of the airways (19.2%) and 19 functional dynamic disorders (1.5%). Lung cancer associated abnormalities were the commonest bronchoscopic findings. Representative images are shown.
