RESUMEN
This study aimed to assess the efficacy of various music therapy interventions in ameliorating depressive symptoms in dementia patients, utilizing a network meta-analysis approach. We rigorously selected randomized controlled trials focused on music therapy for dementia with depressive symptoms from major electronic databases. The primary outcome measured was the impact on depressive symptoms, with the secondary outcome evaluating dropout rates across different intervention groups and standard care control groups. The research protocol has been duly registered with PROSPERO (Registration ID: CRD42023393059). Our network meta-analysis incorporated 14 randomized controlled trials involving a total of 1080 participants and examined a range of interventions, including active music therapy, listening to music, rhythmic music therapy, singing, and tailored music interventions. The analysis revealed that active music therapy combined with singing emerged as the most effective intervention, demonstrating a significant improvement in depressive symptoms in dementia patients (Standardized Mean Difference [SMD] = -0.89, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: -1.48 to -0.30). In contrast, listening to music alone showed a smaller effect (SMD = -0.26, 95% CI: -0.71 to 0.20). This study was particularly noteworthy for not showing higher dropout rates compared to standard care, indicating its feasibility and acceptability in clinical settings. The findings of our study indicate that active music therapy combined with singing is an effective approach to reducing depressive symptoms in dementia patients, potentially due to enhanced social interaction. These results offer new perspectives for dementia care, suggesting a promising direction for further research and clinical application.
RESUMEN
Music interventions (MIs) have been widely used to relieve anxiety in dementia in clinical settings. However, limited meta-analysis with randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on this topic has been conducted so far. A systematic search was conducted in four major databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library) for data provided by RCTs from the inception to February 2023. The search strategy employed the terms "anxiety AND music AND dementia OR Alzheimer's disease". Thirteen RCTs (827 participants) were included. The results showed MI reduced anxiety significantly (SMD = -0.67, p < 0.001), especially for Alzheimer's disease (p = 0.007) and Mixed (p < 0.001)-type dementia. Moreover, significant improvements in agitation (p = 0.021) and depression (p < 0.001) in dementia were observed. Additionally, several psychological mechanisms which may be associated with MI were reviewed comprehensively. In conclusion, our findings support the efficacy of MI in alleviating anxiety symptoms in dementia patients. PROSPERO Registration (ID: CRD42021276646).
RESUMEN
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) often leads to long-term neurocognitive dysfunctions. Adult neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) serves critical functions in cognition but can be disrupted by brain injury and insult in serval forms. In the present study, we explore the cellular and molecular targets of DPP-4 inhibitors (or gliptins) as related to hippocampal function and TBI cognitive sequelae. Two structurally different gliptins, sitagliptin and vildagliptin, were examined using a controlled cortical impact (CCI) model of moderate TBI in mice. Sensorimotor CCI, although distal from the hippocampus, impaired hippocampal-dependent cognition without obvious hippocampal tissue destruction. Neurogenic cell proliferation in the DG was increased accompanied by large numbers of reactive astrocyte. Increased numbers of immature granule cells with abnormal dendritic outgrowth were ectopically localized in the outer granule cell layer (GCL) and hilus. Long-term potentiation of dentate immature granule cells was also impaired. Both sitagliptin and vildagliptin attenuated the CCI-induced ectopic migration of doublecortin-positive immature neurons into the outer GCL and hilus, restored the normal dendritic branching pattern of the immature neurons and prevented astrocyte reactivation. Both gliptins prevented loss of normal synaptic integration in the DG after sensorimotor CCI and improved cognitive behavior. Sensorimotor cortical injury thus results in an abnormal neurogenesis pattern and astrocyte reactivation in the distal hippocampus which appears to contribute to the development of cognitive dysfunction after TBI. DPP-4 inhibitors prevent astrocyte reactivation, normalize the posttraumatic hippocampal neurogenesis and help to maintain normal electrophysiology in the DG with positive behavioral effect in a mouse model.
Asunto(s)
Lesiones Traumáticas del Encéfalo , Inhibidores de la Dipeptidil-Peptidasa IV , Ratones , Animales , Inhibidores de la Dipeptidil-Peptidasa IV/farmacología , Neuronas , Vildagliptina/farmacología , Hipocampo , Neurogénesis , Lesiones Traumáticas del Encéfalo/complicaciones , Lesiones Traumáticas del Encéfalo/tratamiento farmacológico , Cognición , Fosfato de Sitagliptina/farmacologíaRESUMEN
In a rat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MACo) model of ischemic stroke, intracerebroventricular administration of human recombinant hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) mitigated motor impairment and cortical infarction. Recombinant HGF reduced MCAo-induced TNFα and IL1ß expression, and alleviated perilesional reactivation of microglia and astrocyte. All of the aforementioned beneficial effects of HGF were antagonized by an inhibitor to the type II transmembrane serine protease matriptase (MTP). MCAo upregulated MTP mRNA and protein in the lesioned cortex. MTP protein, not the mRNA, was increased further by recombinant HGF but reduced when MTP inhibitor (MTPi) was added to the treatment. Changes of the endogenous active HGF by MCAo, HGF or MTPi paralleled with the changes of MTP protein under the same conditions whilst neither HGF mRNA nor the total endogenous HGF protein were altered. These data showed that the therapeutic effects of HGF in stroke brain is attributed to its proteolytic activation and that MTP is a main protease of the event. MCAo enhanced MTP mRNA and thus protein expression; the initial use of the recombinant active HGF stabilized MCAo-induced MTP protein and subsequent activation of endogenous latent HGF which in turn stabilized further MTP protein. A reciprocal regulation between MTP and HGF appears to be present where MTP promotes HGF activation and the active HGF prevents MTP protein turnover. This study, for the first time, shows that MTP can participate in neural protection in stroke brain through activation of HGF. The cycles of HGF-MTP regulation achieved preservation of the neurological activity.
Asunto(s)
Factor de Crecimiento de Hepatocito , Accidente Cerebrovascular , Animales , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Factor de Crecimiento de Hepatocito/genética , Factor de Crecimiento de Hepatocito/metabolismo , Humanos , Infarto de la Arteria Cerebral Media/tratamiento farmacológico , Infarto de la Arteria Cerebral Media/metabolismo , Neuroprotección , ARN Mensajero/metabolismo , Ratas , Serina Endopeptidasas , Serina Proteasas/metabolismo , Accidente Cerebrovascular/metabolismoRESUMEN
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (or gliptins), a class of antidiabetic drugs, have recently been shown to have protective actions in the central nervous system. Their cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for these effects are largely unknown. In the present study, two structurally different gliptins, sitagliptin and vildagliptin, were examined for their therapeutic actions in a controlled cortical impact (CCI) model of moderate traumatic brain injury (TBI) in mice. Early post-CCI treatment with sitagliptin, but not vildagliptin, significantly reduced body asymmetry, locomotor hyperactivity, and brain lesion volume. Sitagliptin attenuated post-CCI microglial deramification in the ipsilateral dorsolateral (DL) striatum, while vildagliptin had no effect. Sitagliptin also reduced striatal expression of galectin-3 and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1(MCP-1), and increased the cortical and striatal levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 on the ipsilateral side. These data support a differential protective effect of sitagliptin against TBI, possibly mediated by an anti-inflammatory effect in striatum to preserve connective network. Both sitagliptin and vildagliptin produced similar increases of active glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in blood and brain. Increasing active GLP-1 may not be the sole molecular mechanisms for the neurotherapeutic effect of sitagliptin in TBI.
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Lesiones Traumáticas del Encéfalo/tratamiento farmacológico , Inhibidores de la Dipeptidil-Peptidasa IV/farmacología , Fármacos Neuroprotectores/farmacología , Corteza Sensoriomotora/efectos de los fármacos , Corteza Sensoriomotora/lesiones , Animales , Lesiones Traumáticas del Encéfalo/metabolismo , Lesiones Traumáticas del Encéfalo/patología , Quimiocina CCL2/metabolismo , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Galectina 3/metabolismo , Péptido 1 Similar al Glucagón/sangre , Péptido 1 Similar al Glucagón/metabolismo , Interleucina-10 , Masculino , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Microglía/efectos de los fármacos , Microglía/patología , Corteza Sensoriomotora/patología , Fosfato de Sitagliptina/farmacología , Vildagliptina/farmacología , Corteza Visual/efectos de los fármacos , Corteza Visual/patologíaRESUMEN
Knockdown of the suppression of tumorigenicity 14-encoding type II transmembrane serine protease matriptase (MTP) in neural stem/progenitor (NS/P) cells impairs cell mobility, response to chemo-attractants, and neurovascular niche interaction. In the present study, we showed by Western blot that a portion of MTP can be detected in the mitochondrial fraction of mouse NS/P cells by immunostaining that it is co-stained with the mitochondrial dye MitoTracker (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) inside the cells. Co-immunoprecipitation showed that MTP is bound to the ß subunit of mitochondrial F0F1-ATP synthase complex (ATP-ß). Cyto-immunofluorescence staining and an in situ proximity ligation assay further confirmed a physical interaction between MTP and ATP-ß. This interaction relied on the presence of both Cls/Clr urchin embryonic growth factor, bone morphogenic protein 1 and low-density lipoprotein receptor motifs of MTP. We found that NS/P cell mitochondrial membrane potential is impaired by MTP knockdown, and ATP synthesis and oxygen consumption rate are significantly reduced in MTP-knockdown NS/P cells. Among the oxidative phosphorylation functions, the greatest effect of MTP knockdown is the reduction by over 50% in the mitochondrial energy reserve capacity. This made MTP-knockdown NS/P cells unable to overcome hydrogen peroxide stress, which leads to cessation of cell growth. This work identifies 2 previously unknown functions for MTP: first as a binding protein in the mitochondrial F1F0-ATP synthase complex and second as a regulatory mechanism of mitochondrial bioenergetics. Mitochondrial MTP may serve a protective function for NS/P cells in response to stress.-Fang, J.-D., Tung, H.-H., Lee, S.-L. Mitochondrial localization of St14-encoding transmembrane serine protease is involved in neural stem/progenitor cell bioenergetics through binding to F0F1-ATP synthase complex.
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Metabolismo Energético/fisiología , Proteínas de la Membrana/metabolismo , Mitocondrias/metabolismo , Células-Madre Neurales/metabolismo , ATPasas de Translocación de Protón/metabolismo , Serina Endopeptidasas/metabolismo , Serina Proteasas/metabolismo , Adenosina Trifosfato/metabolismo , Animales , Células Cultivadas , Peróxido de Hidrógeno/metabolismo , Potencial de la Membrana Mitocondrial/fisiología , Ratones , Fosforilación Oxidativa , Consumo de Oxígeno/fisiologíaRESUMEN
Brain neural stem cells and transit amplifying cells in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles are in direct contact with the microvascular endothelium. The mechanisms/molecules of direct cell contact in the SVZ neurovascular niche are not fully understood. We previously showed that neural stem/progenitor (NS/P) cells induce brain endothelial signaling in direct cell contact through matriptase (MTP) on NS/P cell surface. In the present study, using pull-down and LC-MS/MS, we identified melanoma cell adhesion molecule (MCAM) the brain endothelial molecule that interacts with MTP. MCAM physically binds to the CUB domains of MTP and induces a chain of brain endothelial signaling including p38MAPK activation, GSK3ß inactivation and subsequently ß-catenin activation; none of these signaling events occurred when either MTP or MCAM is deleted. MTP-MCAM binding and induction of endothelial signaling were all sensitive to cholera toxin. Together, we identified key molecules that may represent a mechanism in neural stem cell vascular niche regulation.
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Adhesión Celular , Endotelio/metabolismo , Células-Madre Neurales/metabolismo , Nicho de Células Madre , Biomarcadores , Antígeno CD146/química , Antígeno CD146/metabolismo , Membrana Celular/metabolismo , Humanos , Ventrículos Laterales/citología , Unión Proteica , Dominios y Motivos de Interacción de Proteínas , Transducción de Señal , Proteínas Quinasas p38 Activadas por Mitógenos/metabolismoRESUMEN
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a chemoattractant and inducer for neural stem/progenitor (NS/P) cell migration. Although the type II transmembrane serine protease, matriptase (MTP) is an activator of the latent HGF, MTP is indispensable on NS/P cell motility induced by the active form of HGF. This suggests that MTP's action on NS/P cell motility involves mechanisms other than proteolytic activation of HGF. In the present study, we investigate the role of MTP in HGF-stimulated signaling events. Using specific inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (Akt) or focal adhesion kinase (FAK), we demonstrated that in NS/P cells HGF-activated c-Met induces PI3k-Akt signaling which then leads to FAK activation. This signaling pathway ultimately induces MMP2 expression and NS/P cell motility. Knocking down of MTP in NS/P cells with specific siRNA impaired HGF-stimulation of c-Met, Akt and FAK activation, blocked HGF-induced production of MMP2 and inhibited HGF-stimulated NS/P cell motility. MTP-knockdown NS/P cells cultured in the presence of recombinant protein of MTP protease domain or transfected with the full-length wild-type but not the protease-defected MTP restored HGF-responsive events in NS/P cells. In addition to functioning as HGF activator, our data revealed novel function of MTP on HGF-stimulated c-Met signaling activation.
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Quinasa 1 de Adhesión Focal/metabolismo , Factor de Crecimiento de Hepatocito/metabolismo , Células-Madre Neurales/metabolismo , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-akt/metabolismo , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-met/metabolismo , Serina Endopeptidasas/metabolismo , Animales , Movimiento Celular , Células Cultivadas , Quinasa 1 de Adhesión Focal/antagonistas & inhibidores , Quinasa 1 de Adhesión Focal/genética , Regulación del Desarrollo de la Expresión Génica , Factor de Crecimiento de Hepatocito/farmacología , Metaloproteinasa 2 de la Matriz/genética , Metaloproteinasa 2 de la Matriz/metabolismo , Ratones , Células-Madre Neurales/citología , Células-Madre Neurales/efectos de los fármacos , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinasas/genética , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinasas/metabolismo , Inhibidores de las Quinasa Fosfoinosítidos-3 , Inhibidores de Proteínas Quinasas/farmacología , Estructura Terciaria de Proteína , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-akt/agonistas , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-akt/antagonistas & inhibidores , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-akt/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-met/antagonistas & inhibidores , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-met/genética , ARN Interferente Pequeño/genética , ARN Interferente Pequeño/metabolismo , Serina Endopeptidasas/genética , Transducción de SeñalRESUMEN
Vasculature is an important component of the neural stem cell niche in brain. It regulates neural stem/progenitor (NS/P) cell self-renewal, differentiation, and migration. In the neurogenic niches of adult brain, NS/P cells lie close to blood vessels, and proliferating NS/P cells frequently contact the vasculature. In the present study we showed that NS/P cells in co-culture with brain endothelial (bEND) cells activated endothelial G proteins and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) and stimulated cytokine/chemokine expression. These NS/P cell-induced endothelial responses took place during NS/P cell and bEND cell direct contact and were critically dependent on the expression of the type II transmembrane serine protease matriptase (MTP) by NS/P cells, because knocking down of MTP in NS/P cells impaired and re-expression of MTP restored their ability to induce endothelial cytokine/chemokine expression, p38 MAPK, or G protein activation. Cholera toxin blocked NS/P cell-induced endothelial responses, suggesting that the endothelial G protein activated by NS/P MTP is in the G(s) subfamily. The addition of p38 MAPK inhibitor impaired NS/P cell-induced endothelial cytokine/chemokine expression. The known G protein-coupled receptor substrate of MTP, protease-activated receptor 2, was not involved in this system. These results revealed a novel signaling pathway in neural stem cell vascular niches that is mediated by neural MTP and endothelial G(s) protein signaling at the cell-cell interface. This is the first report of direct cell-cell signaling between NS/P and bEND cells.
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Comunicación Celular/fisiología , Células Endoteliales/citología , Células Endoteliales/metabolismo , Células-Madre Neurales/citología , Células-Madre Neurales/metabolismo , Animales , Encéfalo/irrigación sanguínea , Encéfalo/citología , Diferenciación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Diferenciación Celular/fisiología , Movimiento Celular/fisiología , Células Cultivadas , Quimiocinas/metabolismo , Técnicas de Cocultivo , Medios de Cultivo Condicionados/farmacología , Citocinas/metabolismo , Epéndimo/irrigación sanguínea , Epéndimo/citología , Subunidades alfa de la Proteína de Unión al GTP Gs/metabolismo , Proteínas de Unión al GTP/metabolismo , Proteínas Fluorescentes Verdes/genética , Interleucina-6/farmacología , Sistema de Señalización de MAP Quinasas/fisiología , Masculino , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos , Ratones Mutantes , Nicho de Células Madre/fisiología , Proteínas Quinasas p38 Activadas por Mitógenos/metabolismoRESUMEN
Recent studies show that type II transmembrane serine proteases play important roles in diverse cellular activities and pathological processes. Their expression and functions in the central nervous system, however, are largely unexplored. In this study, we show that the expression of one such member, matriptase (MTP), was cell type-restricted and primarily expressed in neural progenitor (NP) cells and neurons. Blocking MTP expression or MTP activity prevented NP cell traverse of reconstituted basement membrane, whereas overexpression of MTP promoted it. The NP cell mobilization induced by either vascular endothelial growth factor or hepatocyte growth factor was also impaired by knocking down MTP expression. MTP acts upstream of matrix metalloproteinase 2 in promoting NP cell mobility. In embryonic stem cell differentiation to neural cells, MTP knockdown had no effect on entry of embryonic stem cells into the neural lineage. High MTP expression or activity, however, shifts the population dynamics from NP cells toward neurons to favor neuronal differentiation. This is the first report to demonstrate the direct involvement of type II transmembrane serine protease in NP cell function.
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Diferenciación Celular/fisiología , Movimiento Celular/fisiología , Células Madre Embrionarias/enzimología , Regulación Enzimológica de la Expresión Génica/fisiología , Neuronas/enzimología , Serina Endopeptidasas/biosíntesis , Animales , Línea Celular , Células Madre Embrionarias/citología , Masculino , Metaloproteinasa 2 de la Matriz/biosíntesis , Metaloproteinasa 2 de la Matriz/genética , Ratones , Neuronas/citología , Serina Endopeptidasas/genéticaRESUMEN
The epithelial-derived, type II transmembrane serine protease matriptase, the mouse homologue of which is epithin, has been shown to be involved in epidermal differentiation, hair formation, and thymus function. We show in this study that epithin/matriptase (Epi/MTP) plays a significant role in mammary epithelial cell growth and morphogenesis. Epi/MTP is expressed at low level in the mouse mammary epithelium of young animals and it accumulates at the terminal end-bud of the growing ducts. The level of Epi/MTP is elevated in the mammary glands at stages when epithelial proliferation and modeling occur. It is primarily present in the luminal epithelial cells of mouse mammary ducts and lobules. Using an ex vivo three-dimensional culture system for mammary epithelial functional assays, we show that mammary epithelial growth and morphogenesis in the presence of the latent form hepatocyte growth factor (pro-HGF) are blocked either by an inhibitor of the Epi/MTP protease activity or by siRNA knockdown of the Epi/MTP expression. These studies demonstrate that Epi/MTP participates in mammary epithelial growth and modeling through activation of pro-HGF. Our findings reveal an important pathway in normal mammary epithelial morphogenesis which may participate in breast cancer progression.
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Regulación del Desarrollo de la Expresión Génica , Factor de Crecimiento de Hepatocito/metabolismo , Serina Endopeptidasas/fisiología , Animales , Técnicas de Cultivo de Célula/métodos , Proliferación Celular , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Glándulas Mamarias Animales/metabolismo , Neoplasias Mamarias Animales/metabolismo , Ratones , Microscopía Confocal/métodos , Péptidos Cíclicos/metabolismo , Interferencia de ARN , ARN Interferente Pequeño/metabolismo , Serina Endopeptidasas/metabolismo , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
Matriptase, initially isolated from human breast cancer cells in culture, is a member of the emerging class of type II transmembrane serine proteases. Matriptase blockade could potentially modulate tumorigenesis and metastasis in vivo. Sunflower trypsin inhibitor-1 (1, SFTI-1), isolated from sunflower seeds, exhibits very potent matriptase inhibitory activity. On the basis of these findings, we designed and synthesized 13 analogues of the naturally occurring peptide 1 with the intention to explore the structure-activity relationships of this type of bicyclic peptides and to improve inhibitory selectivity and metabolic stability of the disulfide-bridge-containing peptide 1. We discovered that the methylenedithioether-bridged compound 14 demonstrates very potent binding affinity to matriptase. Compound 8 exhibits much better selectivity for inhibition of matriptase versus thrombin, whereas compound 2 becomes a more potent thrombin inhibitor, which can be potentially used as an anticoagulant for prophylaxis and therapy of thromboembolism.
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Antineoplásicos/síntesis química , Péptidos Cíclicos/síntesis química , Serina Endopeptidasas/química , Inhibidores de Serina Proteinasa/síntesis química , Antineoplásicos/química , Sitios de Unión , Diseño de Fármacos , Enlace de Hidrógeno , Modelos Moleculares , Péptidos Cíclicos/química , Unión Proteica , Conformación Proteica , Inhibidores de Serina Proteinasa/química , Relación Estructura-ActividadRESUMEN
[structure: see text] Matriptase is a member of the emerging class of type II transmembrane serine proteases. It was found that the sunflower trypsin inhibitor (SFTI-1), isolated from sunflower seeds, inhibits matriptase with a subnanomolar Ki of 0.92 nM. On the basis of this result, we designed and synthesized its proteolytically stable analogues, SFTI-2 and SFTI-3. SFTI-3 exhibited very good binding affinity to matriptase, and it was metabolically stable.