Serplulimab monotherapy in extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer with brain metastasis: a case report.

Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive form of lung cancer with limited treatment options, especially for extensive-stage (ES) patients. We present a case of a 70-year-old male with ES-SCLC and asymptomatic brain metastasis who opted for immune monotherapy with serplulimab (an anti-PD-1 antibody). After four cycles, the patient achieved a confirmed partial response and a progression-free survival of over 1 year. Moreover, we observed a consistent decline in tumor biomarkers, and brain MRI indicated reduced metastatic activity. Remarkably, the patient tolerated the treatment well, with only mild diarrhea. This case highlights serplulimab's potential as a first-line treatment in select ES-SCLC patients, emphasizing the importance of further research on immunotherapy predictive biomarkers.

Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a severe type of lung cancer that often does not have many treatment options, especially in its advanced stages. This article discusses the experience of a 70-year-old man with advanced SCLC who also had cancer spread to his brain but did not show symptoms. He chose to try a new kind of cancer treatment called serplulimab, which works by helping the immune system fight the cancer. After receiving this treatment four-times, his cancer showed significant improvement, and he did not experience further cancer growth for more than 1 year. Tests also revealed that his cancer markers decreased, and the cancer in his brain became less active. Notably, he tolerated this agent with only mild diarrhea occurring. This case is important because it suggests that serplulimab could be an effective first treatment for some patients with advanced SCLC, and it highlights the need for more research to find ways to predict who will benefit from this type of therapy.

Secondary Amplifier Sampling Component Design of an X-ray Framing Detector Based on a Streak Tube.

The development of inertial confinement fusion (ICF) experiments necessitates the diagnostic instrument to have multiple frames with a high spatial and temporal resolution for the two-dimensional detection of the hot spot at the implosion end of the ICF. The existing sampling two-dimensional imaging technology in the world has superior performance; however, its subsequent development requires a streak tube with large lateral magnification. In this work, an electron beam separation device was designed and developed for the first time. The device can be used without changing the structure of the streak tube. It can be combined directly with the corresponding device and matched with a special control circuit. Based on the original transverse magnification, 1.77 times the secondary amplification can be achieved, which is conducive to expanding the recording range of the technology. The experimental results showed that the static spatial resolution of the streak tube after the inclusion of the device can still reach 10 lp/mm.

Expert consensus on implementation strategy of awake prone positioning for non-intubated patients in China (2023) / 中华危重病急救医学

The awake prone position plays an important role in the treatment of hypoxemia and the improvement of respiratory distress symptoms in non-intubated patients. It is widely used in clinical practice because of its simple operation, safety, and economy. To enable clinical medical staff to scientifically and normatively implement prone position for awake patients without intubation, the committees of consensus formulation, guided by evidence-based methodology and Delphi method, conducted literature search, literature quality evaluation and evidence synthesis around seven topics, including indications and contraindications, evaluation, implementation, monitoring and safety management, termination time, complication prevention and health education of awake prone position. After two rounds of expert letter consultation, Expert consensus on implementation strategy of awake prone positioning for non-intubated patients in China (2023) was formulated, and provide guidance for clinical medical staff.

A Cross-Sectional Survey on the Clinical Management of Emergence Delirium in Adults: Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice in Mainland China.

BACKGROUND: Emergence delirium (ED) occurs immediately after emergence from general anesthesia, which may have adverse consequences. This cross-sectional survey assessed Chinese physicians' and nurses' knowledge of, attitudes towards, and practice regarding ED in adults. METHODS: Electronic questionnaires were sent to 93 major academic hospitals across mainland China and both attending anesthesiologists and anesthesia nurses were recommended to complete them. RESULTS: A total of 243 anesthesiologists and 213 anesthesia nurses participated in the survey. Most of the participants considered it a very important issue; however, less than one-third of them routinely assessed ED. In terms of screening tools, anesthesiologists preferred the Confusion Assessment Method, while anesthesia nurses reported using multiple screening tools. Divergence also appeared with regard to the necessity of monitoring the depth of anesthesia. Anesthesiologists considered it only necessary in high-risk patients, while the nurses considered that it should be carried out routinely. No unified treatment strategy nor medication was reported for ED treatment during the recovery period. CONCLUSIONS: This study illustrated that there are high awareness levels among both Chinese anesthesiologists and anesthesia nurses regarding the importance of ED. However, a specific practice in terms of routine delirium assessment, anesthesia depth monitoring, and a standardized treatment algorithm needs to be implemented to improve ED management.

Changes and closure grades of the laryngeal vestibule in different positions after anesthesia induction.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to observe changes in the laryngeal vestibule under head extension or in neutral position with or without the chin lifted after anesthesia induction. METHODS: After anesthesia induction, a flexible bronchoscope was used to observe the status of the laryngeal vestibule under four positions. Then, the degree of laryngeal vestibule closure was graded. The grading scores and the incidence of severe closure under these four positions were compared. The factors that may be related to the severe closure and potential contributions of head extension and chin lifting were also analyzed. When laryngeal mask was applied, the change in the laryngeal vestibule state was observed through the laryngeal mask after placement. RESULTS: The closure scores of the laryngeal vestibule were significantly different among these four positions (P<0.001). The incidence of severe closure was highest in the neutral head position without the chin lifted. Regression analysis showed that age and snoring were associated with severe closure of the laryngeal vestibule. Both head extension and chin lifting could decrease the risk of severe closure of the laryngeal vestibule, and head extension was more important than chin lift. After laryngeal mask placement, the severely closed laryngeal vestibule can be further opened up to grades 1-2. CONCLUSIONS: The neutral position of the head after anesthesia induction may cause complete closure of the laryngeal vestibule. The best way to keep the laryngeal vestibule open is head extension with the chin lifted, while most the laryngeal vestibules will be severely closed in the neutral position without the chin lifted.

Therapeutic Effect of Gegentang Granules on Mouse Model with hCoV-229E Pneumonia and Hanshi Yidu Xifei Syndrome / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo determine the therapeutic effect of Gegentang granules on a disease-syndrome mouse model combining human coronavirus 229E （hCoV-229E） pneumonia with Hanshi Yidu Xifei syndrome in vivo. MethodMice were randomly divided into normal group， infection group， cold-dampness group， model group， chloroquine phosphate group （0.18 g·kg-1）， interferon-α2b （IFN-α2b） group （1.83×106 U·kg-1）， Gegentang granules high-dose and low-dose groups （6.6， 3.3 g·kg-1） with 10 mice in each group. Cold-dampness environment and hCoV-229E infection were used for modeling， and the general status and lung index of mice in each group were observed. The viral load in lung tissue was detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）， the pathological changes in lung tissue were evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining， the levels of serum gastrointestinal hormones and inflammatory factors in lung tissue were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）， and the percentage of peripheral blood lymphocytes was detected by flow cytometry. ResultComparing with model group， Gegentang granules could significantly alleviate the physical signs of Hanshi Yidu Xifei syndrome， including listlessness， weakness of limbs， sticky stool， etc. Comparing with model group， Gegentang granules high-dose group significantly reduced lung index， histopathological score of interstitial lung and bronchus， and the level of serum motilin （P<0.05， P<0.01）， two doses of Gegentang granules could significantly increase the level of serum gastrin （P<0.05， P<0.01）， the percentage of CD4+， CD8+ T lymphocytes in peripheral blood （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and the level of tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） in lung tissue was significantly decreased （P<0.01）， and the level of interleukin-6 （IL-6） showed decreasing tendency. ConclusionGegentang granules has therapeutic effect on model mice. It can improve the appearance and behavior characterization， regulate the level of gastrointestinal hormones， decrease lung index and histopathological score， and possibly play an immunomodulatory role by inhibiting the expression of inflammatory cytokines in lung tissue and restoring the percentage of peripheral blood lymphocytes.

Therapeutic Effect of Gegentang Granules on Mouse Model with hCoV-229E Pneumonia and Hanshi Yidu Xifei Syndrome / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo determine the therapeutic effect of Gegentang granules on a disease-syndrome mouse model combining human coronavirus 229E （hCoV-229E） pneumonia with Hanshi Yidu Xifei syndrome in vivo. MethodMice were randomly divided into normal group， infection group， cold-dampness group， model group， chloroquine phosphate group （0.18 g·kg-1）， interferon-α2b （IFN-α2b） group （1.83×106 U·kg-1）， Gegentang granules high-dose and low-dose groups （6.6， 3.3 g·kg-1） with 10 mice in each group. Cold-dampness environment and hCoV-229E infection were used for modeling， and the general status and lung index of mice in each group were observed. The viral load in lung tissue was detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）， the pathological changes in lung tissue were evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining， the levels of serum gastrointestinal hormones and inflammatory factors in lung tissue were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）， and the percentage of peripheral blood lymphocytes was detected by flow cytometry. ResultComparing with model group， Gegentang granules could significantly alleviate the physical signs of Hanshi Yidu Xifei syndrome， including listlessness， weakness of limbs， sticky stool， etc. Comparing with model group， Gegentang granules high-dose group significantly reduced lung index， histopathological score of interstitial lung and bronchus， and the level of serum motilin （P<0.05， P<0.01）， two doses of Gegentang granules could significantly increase the level of serum gastrin （P<0.05， P<0.01）， the percentage of CD4+， CD8+ T lymphocytes in peripheral blood （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and the level of tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） in lung tissue was significantly decreased （P<0.01）， and the level of interleukin-6 （IL-6） showed decreasing tendency. ConclusionGegentang granules has therapeutic effect on model mice. It can improve the appearance and behavior characterization， regulate the level of gastrointestinal hormones， decrease lung index and histopathological score， and possibly play an immunomodulatory role by inhibiting the expression of inflammatory cytokines in lung tissue and restoring the percentage of peripheral blood lymphocytes.

Effect of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis of group B streptococcus infection on the incidence and bacteriological profile of early-onset neonatal sepsis / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To study the effect of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) of group B streptococcus (GBS) infection on the incidence and bacteriological profile of early-onset neonatal sepsis (EONS).@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was performed on the medical data of 494 pregnant women with positive GBS screening results and 526 neonates born by these women. According to whether the pregnant woman received IAP, the neonates were divided into two groups: IAP (n=304) and control (n=222). The two groups were compared in terms of clinical indices, incidence rate of EONS, and distribution of pathogenic bacteria in blood culture.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the control group, the IAP group had a significantly lower proportion of children with abnormal clinical manifestations (P<0.001) and a significantly lower incidence rate of EONS (P=0.022). In the IAP group, Escherichia coli (2.3%) was the most common type of pathogenic bacteria in blood culture of the neonates with EONS, while GBS (3.2%) was the most common type of pathogenic bacteria in the control group. The IAP group had a significantly higher detection rate of ampicillin-resistant Escherichia coli than the control group (P=0.029).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Although IAP can significantly reduce the incidence rate of EONS in neonates born to pregnant women with positive GBS screening results, the infection rate of ampicillin-resistant Escherichia coli may increase after IAP treatment. Therefore, it is needed to enhance the monitoring of blood culture results of neonates with EONS and timely adjust treatment plan according to drug susceptibility test results.

Long noncoding RNA TSLNC8 enhances pancreatic cancer aggressiveness by regulating CTNNB1 expression via association with HuR.

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most lethal malignancies worldwide. Tumor suppressor long noncoding RNA on chromosome 8p12 (TSLNC8) is a newly identified long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and play an important role in human cancers. However, the function and molecular mechanism of TSLNC8 in PC progression remain to be elucidated. Our results showed a significant increase of TSLNC8 expression in PC tissues and cell lines. Upregulation of TSLNC8 expression in PC tissues was closely correlated with TNM stage, distant and lymph node metastasis, and poor prognosis of PC patients. Functional experiments demonstrated that TSLNC8 promoted PC cells proliferation and invasion in vitro, and enhanced PC growth and metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, TSLNC8 associated with HuR, promoted the binding of HuR with CTNNB1 mRNA and increased the stability of CTNNB1 mRNA, thus activating WNT/ß-catenin signaling pathway. Taken together, our present study revealed that oncogenic lncRNA TSLNC8 positively regulate PC growth and metastasis via HuR-mediated mRNA stability of CTNNB1, extending the understanding of PC pathogenesis regulated by lncRNAs.

Evaluation Effectiveness of in Vitro Cultivation of Bezoar on Mouse Model Combining Disease with Syndrome of Coronavirus Pneumonia with Yidu Xifei Syndrome / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To determine the therapeutic effect of <italic>in vitro</italic> cultivation of bezoar on a mouse model adding disease with syndrome of coronavirus pneumonia with Yidu Xifei syndrome. Method:BALB/c mice were randomly divided into six groups according to their weight grade： normal group， HCoV-229E infection group， cold and damp group， a mouse model combining disease with syndrome of coronavirus pneumonia with Yidu Xifei syndrome， and high and low dose group of <italic>in vitro</italic> cultivation of bezoar. The combination model of human coronavirus pneumonia with Yidu Xifei syndrome mice was established by the method of cold dampness condition stimulation+coronavirus HCoV-229E infection. <italic>In vitro</italic> cultivation of bezoar （0.128，0.064 g·kg^-1） was administrated by gavage for 3 days from the day of infection. The observation indexes included： general state observation of mice， inhibition rate of lung index and lung index of mice. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） was used to detect the viral load in the lung tissues of mice. Serum levels of motilin（MTL）， gastrin （GAS）， and cytokines interleukin（IL）-10，IL-6， tumor necrosis factor-<italic>α</italic>（TNF-<italic>α</italic>）and interferon-<italic>γ</italic>（IFN-<italic>γ</italic>） in lung tissue of mice were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）. The percentages of CD4⁺ T lymphocytes，CD8⁺ T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes in the blood of mice were determined by flow cytometry. Result:The high and low dose group of <italic>in vitro</italic> cultivation of bezoar can significantly improve the general condition of model mice. Compared with blank group， model group mice lung index increased significantly （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， nucleic acids significantly increased expression of lung tissue in mice （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， significantly higher serum MTL content in mice， GAS content significantly decreased （<italic>P</italic><0.05，<italic>P</italic><0.01）， lung tissue cells in the immune factor TNF-<italic>α</italic>， IL-10 and IL-6 were significantly increased （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， peripheral blood lymphocyte CD4⁺ T cells in mice， The percentages of CD8⁺ T cells and B cells were significantly decreased （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Compared with model group， <italic>in vitro</italic> cultivation bezoar mice lung index of high and low dose group were significantly lower （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， the lung tissue of mice express nucleic acid decreased significantly （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， MTL content decreased significantly （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， the lung tissue of mice in the IL-6， IL-10， the TNF-<italic>α</italic>， IFN-<italic>γ</italic> levels were significantly lower （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， <italic>in vitro</italic> cultivation bezoar high dose group can significantly increase the CD4⁺ T cell percentage （<italic>P</italic><0.05）， <italic>in vitro</italic> cultivation bezoar can to a certain extent reduce model mice lung inflammatory exudation， pulmonary interstitial edema， as well as blood stasis symptoms. Conclusion:<italic>In vitro</italic> cultivation of bezoar has a significant therapeutic effect on a mice model adding disease with syndrome of coronavirus pneumonia with Yidu Xifei syndrome. It can be treated by reducing the lung index of the model mice， improving the pathological damage of the lung tissue， adjusting the immune effective and inhibiting the clearing of inflammatory factors， and to provide a laboratory basis for clinical medication.

Biomechanical Analysis of Chinese Male Cross-Country Skiers with Double Poling Technique on Uphill Terrain during Long Distance Classical Race / 医用生物力学

Objective By making biomechanical analysis of double poling (DP) technique on uphill terrain used by Chinese male cross-country (XC) skiers, to characterize biomechanical differences in DP for skiers at different levels, and determine the influence from motion techniques of skiers on their sports performance. Methods Twenty-four male XC skiers who participated in the 15 km classical race at the Beishan ski resort in Jilin, China, on Sept. 11-12, 2019 were selected in this study. On the basis of their race performance, they were divided into faster skiing group (n=12) and slower skiing group (n=12). The kinematic variables of the skiers were obtained by three-dimensional (3D) shooting, and the differences in cycle characteristics, action phases and key technique variables for skiers in two groups were analyzed. Results Faster skiers had a faster DP velocity. There was a positive correlation between swing distance and velocity. The swing distance was positively correlated with average angular velocity of elbow extension in poling phase, average angular velocity of shoulder extension in swing phase, and range of motion (ROM) of shoulder abduction. The swing distance was negatively correlated with extension of the elbow in poling phase. All the above variables showed statistical differences between faster and slower skiers. Conclusions For a long distance competition, the difference in DP velocity on uphill terrain was mainly casued by the difference in swing distance, which originated from the swing phase. Faster skier had a longer swing distance. The differences in the swing distance came mainly from the shoulder and elbow joints. Therefore, slower XC skiers in China should strengthen muscle strength of the upper limbs, especially the shoulder and elbow joint strength. More forward body leaning and larger hip and knee flexion angle at pole plant might help the skier to cover more distance.

Expert consensus on prevention and management of enteral nutrition therapy complications for critically ill patients in China (2021 edition) / 中华危重病急救医学

Enteral nutrition plays an irreplaceable role in the nutritional treatment of critically ill patients. In order to help clinical medical staff to manage the common complications during the implementations of enteral nutrition for critically ill patients, the consensus writing team carried out literature retrieval, literature quality evaluation, evidence synthesis. Several topics such as diarrhea, aspiration, high gastric residual volume, abdominal distension, etc. were assessed by evidence-based methodology and Delphi method. After two rounds of expert investigations, Expert consensus on prevention and management of enteral nutrition therapy complications for critically ill patients in China (2021 edition) developed, and provided guidance for clinical medical staff.

Analysis on signs and diagnostic value of transabdominal ultrasound of pregnant women with placenta accreta / 中国基层医药

Objective:To investigate the signs and diagnostic value of transabdominal ultrasound of pregnant women with placenta accreta.Methods:The clinical data of 140 pregnant women with placenta previa who received regular prenatal examination between August 2015 and August 2019 in Lishui City People's Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical and pathological results were used as the gold standard for clinical diagnosis of placenta accreta. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of transabdominal ultrasound in the diagnosis of placenta accreta were evaluated. The included 140 women were divided into observation (75 women with placenta previa complicated by placenta accreta) and control (65 women with placenta previa not complicated by placenta accreta) groups. The difference in ultrasonic signs was compared between the two groups.Results:The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of transabdominal ultrasound in the diagnosis of placenta accreta were 93.33% (70/75), 93.84% (61/65) and 93.57% (131/140), respectively. The incidences of placental thickening, disappearance of retroplacental space, uneven echo in placenta, abundant blood vessels at the interface between uterine serosa and bladder, and focal or extensive intraplacental blood flow in the observation group were 92.00% (69/75), 52.00% (39/75), 82.66% (62/75), 60.00% (45/75) and 50.66% (38/75), respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the control group [32.30% (21/65), 29.23% (19/65), 30.76% (20/65), 35.38% (23/65), 27.69% (18/65), χ2 = 54.041, 7.439, 38.650, 8.446 and 7.658, all P < 0.05]. The score of ultrasonic sign in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group ( Z = 10.656, P < 0.05). Conclusion:Transabdominal ultrasound examination can provide information to help screen placenta accreta in patients with placenta previa. Transabdominal ultrasound is of great significance for clinical diagnosis of placenta accreta.

Research progress in " omics" of new bronchopulmonary dysplasia / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a common chronic respiratory disease in premature infants, whose diagnosis is primarily based on the presence of oxygen dependence in the clinical setting.BPD could be caused by a variety of etiologies and present different clinical manifestations and prognosis.The omics study of BPD could faci-litate the understanding of its pathogenesis and provide clues to discover novel targets for BPD treatment.In this paper, the current progress in the study of BPD was introduced, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, microbiomics of BPD.

Survey study on the classification methods of TCM ancient books / 国际中医中药杂志

The surveys of the number of TCM ancient books, the bibliography classification methods, the bibliography publication, the bibliography network sharing and access, the evaluation of the classification method of subject bibliography on TCM ancient books and the relevant opinions and suggestions were sent to 30 TCM libraries and 24 comprehensive libraries in China. The questionnaires’ data and responses were analyzed, in order to understand the classification methods of TCM ancient books, the use situation, and the needs in the classification and cataloging work. The results showed that compared with the comprehensive libraries, the collection of TCM ancient books were concentrated in TCM libraries, the classification methods for TCM libraries were seldomly reported, and the classification methods were mainly self-compiled. Thus, the uniformity of the classification methods was poor, and there was also a significant gap in the standardization of the bibliography arrangement in TCM libraries. The result recommended that the domestic library industry urgently needed a unified and standardized classification for TCM ancient books. It was significant for promoting the sharing and exchange of TCM ancient books, promoting the standardization process of TCM information, and promoting the efficient implementation of Zhonghua Yizang compilation project.

Clinical features of direct carotid cavernous fistulas: comparison with indirect carotid cavernous fistulas / 国际脑血管病杂志

Objective:To investigate the clinical features of direct and indirect carotid cavernous fistulas (CCFs).Methods:Patients with CCF treated in the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from January 2010 to August 2020 were enrolled retrospectively. Relevant clinical data were collected, including the main clinical manifestations, neuroimaging features, and treatment methods. The clinical features of direct and indirect CCFs were compared.Results:A total of 31 patients were enrolled in the study, 29 (93.5%) had ocular symptoms, of which conjunctival hyperemia and edema ( n=24, 77.4%), exophthalmos ( n=19, 61.3%) and orbital murmur ( n=18, 58.1%) were most common. There were 23 patients (74.2%) in direct CCF group and 8 (25.8%) in indirect CCF group. The former had more history of head trauma (78.2% vs. 12.5%; P=0.002), more flow volume (high-flow CCFs: 100% vs. 37.5%; P<0.001) and more likely to cause orbital murmur (69.6% vs. 25.0%; P=0.043). Endovascular embolization was safe and effective. The common methods of endovascular embolization were EVAL glue combined with coil embolization ( n=18, 66.7%) and detachable balloon embolization alone ( n=6, 22.2%). Conclusion:Ocular manifestations are most prominent in patients with CCFs. Direct CCF is more common, usually with a history of head trauma, and the clinical and imaging features are more typical. Interventional embolization is the preferred treatment option for patients with CCF.

Pristine edge structures of T''-phase transition metal dichalcogenides (ReSe2, ReS2) atomic layers.

Rhenium dichalcogenides (ReX2, X = S, Se), as a representative type of T''-phase transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), have a distinct anisotropic crystal structure as compared to the well-known H- and T-phases and show excellent optical, electronic and catalytic properties. While edges are known to have a profound influence on the physical and chemical properties of two-dimensional materials, they have not been systematically investigated in T''-phase TMDs. We investigated the pristine edge configurations of ReX2 atomic layers using atomic-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) low-dose imaging and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The pristine edges in monolayer and bilayer ReX2 can be atomically flat with a length up to several tens of nanometers, and are preferentially oriented along either the a axis or b axis. The characteristic 4Re diamond clusters are well preserved along the edges, and ordered structures of the outermost dangling Se atoms were observed, with the Se atoms fully retained, 50% retained or all lost. The edges oriented along the a axis with 100% Se coverage show a ferromagnetic ground state, while their counterparts parallel to b present mid-gap states without appreciable spin-polarization. The anisotropic T'' structure also dictates the cracking direction in ReX2, with cracks propagating mainly along the a and b axes. The strain at the crack edges often causes re-orientation of the lattice, which would change the anisotropic behavior of ReX2. Our work provides new insights into the edge configuration in T'' TMD atomic layers, and offers new opportunities to tailor the performance of ReX2 by edge engineering.

Early Intervention of Gastrodin Improved Motor Learning in Diabetic Rats Through Ameliorating Vascular Dysfunction.

The mechanism of cognitive dysfunction in diabetes is still unclear. Recently, studies have shown that the cerebellum is involved in cognition. Furthermore, diabetes-induced cerebellar alterations is related to vascular changes. Therefore, we aimed to explore the roles of vascular function in diabetes-induced cerebellar damage and motor learning deficits. Type 1 diabetes was induced by a single injection of streptozotocin in Sprague-Dawley rats. Motor learning was assessed by beam walk test and beam balance test. The pathological changes of the cerebellum were assessed by Hematoxylin and eosin staining and Nissl staining. Apoptosis was evaluated by anti-caspase-3 immunostaining. Protein expression was evaluated by western blotting and double immunofluorescence. Our results have shown that motor learning was impaired in diabetic rats, coupled with damaged Purkinje cells and decreased capillary density in the cerebellum. In addition, the protein expression of neuronal NOS, inducible NOS, endothelial NOS, total nitric oxide, vascular endothelial growth factor and its cognate receptor Flk-1 was decreased in the cerebellum. Gastrodin treatment ameliorated neuronal damage and restored protein expression of relevant factors. Arising from the above, it is suggested that vascular dysfunction and NO signaling deficits in the cerebellum may be the underlying mechanism of early manifestations of cognitive impairment in diabetes, which could be ameliorated by gastrodin intervention.

Intervening Effect of Promoting Lung and Resolving Phlegm Method on Mouse Model Combining Disease and Syndrome of Human Coronavirus Pneumonia with Cold-dampness Pestilence Attacking Lung / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To observe the therapeutic effect of Kesuting syrups and Keqing capsules, which have the function of promoting lung and resolving phlegm, on a mouse model combining disease and syndrome of human coronavirus pneumonia with cold-dampness pestilence attacking lung. Method:The therapeutic effects of Kesuting syrups (the doses of 22, 11 mL·kg-1) and Keqing capsules (the doses of 1.155, 0.577 5 g·kg-1) on this model were evaluated by the inflammatory changes of lung tissue, the expression of viral nucleic acid, the contents of inflammatory factors [interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interferon-γ (IFN-γ)], and the percentages of immune cells in peripheral blood (CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells and B cells). Result:Compared with the model group, high- and low-dose groups of Keqing capsules and Kesuting syrups could significantly reduce the inflammatory damage in the lung tissues of mice, Keqing capsules could significantly increase the percentages of CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells and B cells in peripheral blood, Keqing capsules and Kesuting syrups could reduce the expression levels of IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α and IFN-γ, inhibit the viral load in lung tissue, as well as improve the pathogenic manifestations of lung tissue. Conclusion:As the first-line drugs for novel coronavirus pneumonia, Keqing capsules and Kesuting syrups have significant therapeutic effect on the mouse model combining disease and syndrome of human coronavirus pneumonia with cold-dampness pestilence attacking lung, and the mechanism may be related to regulating immune function and reducing cytokine storm.