[Expression profile of calcineurin pathway genes in myocardium tissues in relation to ischemic heart remodeling in humans].

Calcineurin pathway plays the critical role in the cardiac remodeling of various origin, development of chambers dilatation and progression of heart failure. Components of calcineurin pathway are involved in myocardium hypertrophy regulation, angiogenesis and apoptosis. Results of quantitative expression profiling study of main calcineurin pathway genes PPP3CA, PPP3R1, PPP3CB, GATA4 and NFATC4 in myocardium of right atrium auricle of patients with a coronary heart disease, exposed to various types of surgical treatments depending on weight of a clinical finding (surgical reconstruction of the geometry of left ventricle (LV) (postinfarction aneurysm) or coronary artery bypass grafting in case of unaltered morphology of LV) are presented. In patients with sizable postinfarction LV dilatation (n = 21) expression level of calcineurin catalytic subunit genes PPP3CA and PPP3CB was 1.3 and 1.6 times lower (p = 0.018 and 0.023, accordingly) compared to patients with unaltered shape of the heart (n = 34). Expression level of PPP3R1 gene encoding calcineurin regulatory subunit B and GATA4 and NFATC4 genes for transcription factors did not differ in studied subgroups of patients. Thus, lower expression of PPP3CA and PPP3CB genes in atrium myocardium can be related to expressed postinfarction LV remodeling. Further studies of relation quantitative expression profiling of calcineurin pathway genes with the level of damage of myocardium is essential what may have important outcome for the prevention of adverse events of cardiosurgical treatments in patients with postinfarction remodeling.

[The glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1) single nucleotide polymorphism pro198Leu: association with life span and coronary artery disease].

In this study we genotyped polymorphism in GPX1 Pro198Leu (C > T) rs 1050450 in four groups: patients with coronary artery disease, long-livers - above 90 years, early died peoples (before 55 years) from cardiovascular diseases and Russian population as control group. We have found significant higher allele T frequency in men with coronary artery disease -34.84% (Chi2 = 5.228, p = 0.022; OR = 1.46) and in early died men from cardiovascular diseases--38.16% (Chi2 = 6.461, p = 0.011; OR = 1.69) compared with control men--26.8%. Moreover, significantly higher genotype TT frequency has been shown in patients with coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction before age 50--19.44% in comparison with control group--7.28% (Chi2 = 9.55, p = 0.002). The TT frequency in long-livers (4.39%) was the lowest and significantly different from coronary artery disease group--12.79% (Chi2 = 8.07, p = 0.0045) and from coronary artery disease subgroup with myocardial infarction before 50--19.44% (Chi2 = 14.49, p = 0.0001). Thus our results indicate that allele T (Leu) of GPX1 Pro198Leu (C > T) polymorphism is unfavorable for successful ageing. It predisposes to coronary heart disease, earlier myocardial infarction (before age 50) and earlier death (before age 55).