Achiral-Core-Metal Change in Isomorphic Enantiomeric Ag12Ag32 and Au12Ag32 Clusters Triggers Circularly Polarized Phosphorescence.

Understanding how the chiral or achiral section in chiral nanostructures contributes to circularly polarized light emission (CPLE) at the atomic level is of fundamental importance. Here, we report two pairs of atomically precise enantiomers of homosilver (R/S-Ag12Ag32) and heterometal (R/S-Au12Ag32) clusters. The geometrical chirality of R/S-Ag12Ag32 arises from the chiral ligand and interface consisting of positive moieties of Ag32(R/S-PS)24. The circular dichroism of R/S-Ag12Ag32 is active, but CPLE-silent. A complete metal change from Ag12 to Au12 in the achiral core section of S2-@M12@S8 engenders isomorphous heterometal R/S-Au12Ag32, which activates CPLE. We further quantify the contributions of achiral and chiral sections and for the first time unveil that heterometal bonding (Au12-Ag32) at the linkage varies the delocalization of orbitals and proportion of achiral and chiral section in electron transition-involved orbitals, thus activating CPLE. Based on these unique atomically precise homochiral metal clusters, our work provides a new insight into the contributions of achiral and chiral sections to the origin of chiroptical response of chiral metal clusters, paving the way to advance the development of CPLE nanoparticles.

Clinical observation of eye acupuncture combined with conventional acupuncture on dry eye syndrome with deficiency of liver and kidney / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To verify the efficacy of eye acupuncture combined with conventional acupuncture in the treatment of dry eye syndrome with deficiency of liver and kidney.@*METHODS@#A total of 90 patients with dry eye syndrome with deficiency of liver and kidney were randomly divided into an eye acupuncture combination with conventional acupuncture group (eye acupuncture combination group), a conventional acupuncture group and a western medication group, 30 cases in each group. In the western medication group, sodium hyaluronate eye drops were used 3 times a day, each time 1-2 drops, 10 days as one course for 3 courses; conventional acupuncture was applied at Jingming (BL 1), Cuanzhu (BL 2), Chengqi (ST 1), Fengchi (GB 20), Hegu (LI 4), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Zusanli (ST 36), Guangming (GB 37) in the conventional acupuncture group; on the basis of the treatment in the conventional acupuncture, eye acupuncture was added at Shangjiao, Gan (liver), Shen (kidney), Pi (spleen) in the eye acupuncture combination group. The treatment in the eye acupuncture combination group and the conventional acupuncture group were given once a day, 10 days as one course, and a total of 3 courses were needed. Subjective symptom score was performed before treatment and every 10 days during treatment. Ocular surface analyzer was used before and after treatment.@*RESULTS@#The subjective symptom scores in the three groups were lower than those before treatment (<0.05). Compared with the conventional acupuncture group and the western medication group, the subjective symptom score after 30 d of treatment in the eye acupuncture combination group was decreased (<0.05). After treatment, the tear film break up time (BUT) was prolonged and the tear meniscus height increased in the eye acupuncture combination group and the conventional acupuncture group (<0.05). Compared with the conventional acupuncture group and the western medication group, the tear film break up time was prolonged and the tear meniscus height increased in the eye acupuncture combination group (<0.05). Corneal staining were better in all three groups than that before treatment (<0.05). The total effective rate was 93.3% (28/30) in the eye acupuncture combination group, was better than 86.7% (26/30) in the conventional acupuncture group and 73.3% (21/30) in the western medication group (<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Eye acupuncture combined with conventional acupuncture can significantly improve the clinical symptoms of dry eye syndrome with deficiency of liver and kidney, increase the secretion of tears, prolong the break up time of tear film, and restore the integrity of corneal epithelium.

Therapeutic effects of combined vitamin K2 with arsenic trioxide on proliferation of HL-60 cells / 中国地方病学杂志

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects of arsenic trioxide(ATO) plus vitamin K2(VK2) on proliferation of HL-60 cells from acute promyelocytic leukemia cell line and explore the possible mechanism.Methods ①HL-60 cells were exposed to ATO(0.0,0.5,1.0,2.0,4.0 μmol/L),VK2(0.0,2.5,5.0,10.0,20.0μmol/L),or both of different concentrations (0.5 μmol/L ATO + 2.5 μmol/L VK2,1.0 μmol/L ATO + 5.0μmol/L VK2,2.0 μmol/L ATO + 10.0 μmol/L VK2,4.0 μmol/L ATO + 20.0 μmol/L VK2) for 24,48 or 72 h,respectively.The method of CCK-8 was used to assess the proliferation of HL-60 cells and the half inhibitory concentration(IC50) of ATO or VK2 was calculated,respectively.②Combination index (CI) was used to evaluate the combinative effect of the two treatments:CI ＜ 1,=1 or ＞ 1 indicated synergistic,additive,or antagonistic effect,respectively.③After HL-60 cells were treated with 1.0 μmol/L ATO or 5.0 μmol/L VK2 individually or simultaneously for 48 h,Annnexin V/PI staining was performed to identify the apoptosis rate of each group.Untreated cells were used as control group.Results ①ATO or VK2 alone inhibited the proliferation of HL-60 cells in a concentration and time dependent manner.The IC50 of ATO or VK2 at time of 24,48,72 h were (22.86 ± 2.44),(6.66 ± 0.34),(4.14 ± 0.41) and (18.40 ± 1.12),(13.48 ± 0.73),(8.95 ± 0.40) μmol/L,respectively; ②The combination of ATO and VK2 illustrated a synergistic effect with CI ＜ 1.③No statistical difference was found among control group [(4.38 ± 0.56)％],1.0 μmol/L ATO group [(5.76 ± 1.63)％] and 5.0 μmol/L VK2 group [(6.38 ± 1.42)％] in the apoptosis rate(all P ＞ 0.05).However,the apoptosis rate of combined group did rise to (44.18 ± 8.42)％,with a significant improvement to that of VK2 or ATO group alone (all P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The combination of VK2 and ATO exhibits an enhanced synergistical inhibitive effect on proliferation of HL-60 cells,and apoptosis may be involved in this synergy in part.

Enhancement of differentiation induction of HL-60 cells by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in combination with carnosic acid / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] is a potent inducer of differentiation in myeloid leukemia cells, but its clinical use is limited due to its hypercalcaemic effect and resistance. Carnosic acid is a plant-derived polyphenol food preservative with chemoprotective effects against carcinogens. Recent research has shown that carnosic acid potentiates the effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 on differentiation of human leukemia cells. This study examined the effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 in combination with carnosic acid on monocytic differentiation as well as intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Ca2+ levels in human leukemia HL-60 cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>HL-60 cells were randomly treated with 1 nmol/L 1,25(OH)2D3, 100 nmol/L 1,25(OH)2D3, 10 micromol/L carnosic acid, a combination of 1 nmol/L 1,25(OH)2D3 and 10 micromol/L carnosic acid or placebo. Cell growth was observed by MTT assay for 72 hrs at an interval of 24 hrs. Cells were harvested after 72 hrs of culture. Morphologic features of the cells were observed by microscopy. Flow cytometry was used to detect cell cycle, monocytic differentiation marker CD14 expression, and intracellular ROS and Ca2+ levels.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A combination of 1 nmol/L 1,25(OH)2D3 and 10 micromol/L carnosic acid resulted in greater proliferation inhibition (Ab: 0.56 0+/- 0.020 vs 1.482 +/- 0.327; P <0.01), mature monocytic features, G0 /G1 cell arrest, higher CD14 expression (57.62 +/- 0.817% vs 2.76 +/- 0.828%; P <0.01), lower intracellular ROS levels (52.67 +/- 10.76% vs 86.46 +/- 40.52%; P <0.01 and similar intracellular Ca2+ levels in HL-60 cells when compared with the placebo group. The ability of a combination of 1 nmol/L 1,25(OH)2D3 and 10 micromol/L carnosic acid to inhibit the proliferation and induce the differentiation of HL-60 cells was similar to that of 100 nmol/L 1,25(OH)2D3, while the intracellular Ca2+ level (115.64 +/- 17.74 nmol/L vs 185.75 +/- 27.38 nmol/L) was significantly lower than that in the 100 nmol/L 1,25(OH)2D3 group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Low concentration of 1,25(OH)2D3 combined with 10 micromol/L carnosic acid can produce enhanced differentiation, proliferation inhibition and antioxidant effects of HL-60 cells. The combination of the two inducers dose not increases intracellular Ca2+ levels.</p>