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Our previous study showed a satisfactory reproductive outcome resulting from the patient-friendly ovarian stimulation protocol using long-acting follicle stimulation hormone (FSH) plus oral medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA). The present retrospective study aims to compare the efficacy of the patient-friendly ovarian stimulation protocol with that of the antagonist protocol on normal and high responders aged between 24 and 39 years in a tertiary fertility center in Taiwan. To prevent premature luteinizing hormone (LH) surge, oral MPA was given to patients in group 1 (n = 57), whereas antagonist protocol was applied to group 2 (n = 53). Duration and dosage of stimulation, number of injections and visits before trigger, incidence of premature LH surge, number of oocytes retrieved, fertilization rate, cleavage rate, rate of good embryos available, incidence of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, cumulative clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate per retrieval were compared between groups. We conclude that our patient-friendly ovarian stimulation protocol with MPA demonstrates satisfactory stimulation and reproductive outcomes that are comparable to those of an antagonist protocol.
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RESEARCH QUESTION: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex disease and its pathophysiology is still unclear. This polygenic study may provide some clues. DESIGN: A polygenic, functionome-based study with the ovarian gene expression profiles downloaded from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, including 48 PCOS and 181 normal control samples. These profiles were converted to the gene set regularity (GSR) indices, which were computed by the modified differential rank conversion algorithm and were defined by the gene ontology terms. RESULTS: Machine learning could accurately recognize the patterns of functional regularities between PCOS and normal controls. The significantly aberrant functions in PCOS included transporter activity, catalytic activity, the receptor signalling pathway via signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT), the cellular metabolic process, and immune response. CONCLUSION: This study provided a comprehensive view of the dysregulated functions and information for further studies on the management of PCOS.
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Síndrome del Ovario Poliquístico/genética , Transcriptoma , Adulto , Femenino , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , Humanos , Aprendizaje AutomáticoRESUMEN
Pluripotency and cell fates can be modulated through the regulation of super-enhancers; however, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Here, we showed a novel mechanism in which Ash2l directly binds to super-enhancers of several stemness genes to regulate pluripotency and self-renewal in pluripotent stem cells. Ash2l recruits Oct4/Sox2/Nanog (OSN) to form Ash2l/OSN complex at the super-enhancers of Jarid2, Nanog, Sox2 and Oct4, and further drives enhancer activation, upregulation of stemness genes, and maintains the pluripotent circuitry. Ash2l knockdown abrogates the OSN recruitment to all super-enhancers and further hinders the enhancer activation. In addition, CRISPRi/dCas9-mediated blocking of Ash2l-binding motifs at these super-enhancers also prevents OSN recruitment and enhancer activation, validating that Ash2l directly binds to super-enhancers and initiates the pluripotency network. Transfection of Ash2l with W118A mutation to disrupt Ash2l-Oct4 interaction fails to rescue Ash2l-driven enhancer activation and pluripotent gene upregulation in Ash2l-depleted pluripotent stem cells. Together, our data demonstrated Ash2l formed an enhancer-bound Ash2l/OSN complex that can drive enhancer activation, govern pluripotency network and stemness circuitry.
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Proteínas de Unión al ADN/genética , Elementos de Facilitación Genéticos , Células Madre Embrionarias de Ratones/metabolismo , Factor 3 de Transcripción de Unión a Octámeros/genética , Factores de Transcripción/genética , Animales , Sistemas CRISPR-Cas/genética , Diferenciación Celular/genética , Linaje de la Célula/genética , Autorrenovación de las Células/genética , Reprogramación Celular/genética , Elementos de Facilitación Genéticos/genética , Regulación del Desarrollo de la Expresión Génica/genética , Humanos , Ratones , Mutación/genética , Proteína Homeótica Nanog/genética , Células Madre Pluripotentes/metabolismo , Factores de Transcripción SOXB1/genética , TransfecciónRESUMEN
Serous carcinoma (SC) is the most common and lethal subtype of epithelial ovarian carcinoma; immunotherapy is a potential treatment for SC, however, the global immunological functions of SC as well as their change during the progression of SC have not been investigated in detail till now. We conducted a genome-wide integrative analysis to investigate the immunofunctionomes of SC at four tumor stages by quantifying the immunological functions defined by the Gene Ontology gene sets. DNA microarray gene expression profiles of 1100 SCs and 136 normal ovarian tissue controls were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and converted to the functionome. Then the immunofunctionomes were reconstructed by extracting the offspring from the functionome for the four SC staging groups. The key immunological functions extracted from immunofunctionomes with a series of filters revealed that the immunopathy of SC consisted of a group of deregulated functions with the core members including B cell activation and differentiation, regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis/cellular extravasation, antigen receptor mediated signaling pathway, T helper mediated immunity and macrophage activation; and the auxiliary elements included leukocyte mediated immunity, regulation of inflammatory response, T cell differentiation, mononuclear cell migration, megakaryocyte differentiation, complement activation and cytokine production. These deregulated immunological functions reveal the candidates to target in the immunotherapy.
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Carcinoma Epitelial de Ovario/inmunología , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , Neoplasias Ováricas/inmunología , Carcinoma Epitelial de Ovario/genética , Carcinoma Epitelial de Ovario/patología , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Femenino , Humanos , Aprendizaje Automático , Neoplasias Ováricas/genética , Neoplasias Ováricas/patologíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To report the management and prevention of pre-operative ovulation before oocyte retrieval with emergent administration of indomethacin. CASE REPORT: During in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment, the patient described here mistakenly administered 6500 IU of hCG and 0.2 mg of triptorelin (GnRHa) 9 h earlier than scheduled triggering. To avoid emergent oocyte retrieval in the midnight, indomethacin was given (150 mg/day, there times a day) from 2 h after incorrect hCG and GnRHa injection to the night before ovum pickup. The oocyte retrieval was performed at originally scheduled time. The result showed that pre-operative ovulation was effectively prevented and we successfully collected the expected number Andersen et al., 1995 of oocytes at 45 h after triggering. CONCLUSION: The presented case demonstrates that indomethacin can be used safely and effectively as an emergent prescription to prevent and postpone ovulation till up to 45 h after hCG and GnRHa triggering.
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Gonadotropina Coriónica/administración & dosificación , Fertilización In Vitro/métodos , Indometacina/administración & dosificación , Ovulación/efectos de los fármacos , Pamoato de Triptorelina/administración & dosificación , Adulto , Transferencia de Embrión , Femenino , Humanos , Errores de Medicación , Recuperación del Oocito/métodos , Inducción de la Ovulación/métodos , Autoadministración/efectos adversosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The use of oral progestin has been shown to effectively prevent luteining hormone (LH) surge during ovarian stimulation with daily human menopausal gonadotropin injections. This study was aimed to investigate the efficacy of long-acting follicle stimulating hormone (long-acting FSH; corifollitropin alfa, Elonva®) use in progestin-primed ovarian stimulation for normal and high responders undergoing IVF/ICSI. METHODS: This is a retrospective and proof-of-concept study. We developed an extremely patient-friendly protocol to be applied to forty-five normal or high responders, in which a single injection of corifollitropin alfa (Elonva®) was administered and medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) was taken orally every day from the day after Elonva injection to the day of trigger. Seven days after Elonva injection, folliculometry and hormone tests were performed, followed by short-acting daily FSH/LH injections, if needed, until the day before trigger. Duration of stimulation, number of injections and visits before trigger, incidence of premature LH surge, the number of oocytes retrieved, fertilization rate, cleavage rate, the rate of day 2 good embryos available, and cumulative ongoing pregnancy rate per retrieval were assessed. RESULTS: The average age of the population was 34.7 years. Duration of stimulation was 9.4 days in average. Before trigger, only 3.6 injection shots and 1.4 visits were needed on average. There was no case of premature LH surge. Number of oocytes retrieved was 13.7, fertilization rate was 79.04%, cleavage rate was 91.11%, and day 2 good embryo rate was 64.34%, in average respectively. There was no case of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. The cumulative ongoing pregnancy rate per oocyte retrieval achieved a satisfactory level as 53.1%. CONCLUSIONS: Our protocol consisting of long-acting FSH injection and oral MPA preventing LH surge reduces the number of injections and visits to an extreme and achieves a satisfactory reproductive outcome, and, therefore, is a really patient-friendly and effective approach to ovarian stimulation.
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Hormona Folículo Estimulante Humana/uso terapéutico , Acetato de Medroxiprogesterona/uso terapéutico , Inducción de la Ovulación/métodos , Adulto , Protocolos Clínicos , Femenino , Fertilización In Vitro/métodos , Hormona Folículo Estimulante Humana/administración & dosificación , Humanos , Acetato de Medroxiprogesterona/administración & dosificación , Recuperación del Oocito , Embarazo , Índice de Embarazo , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
Periodontal disease may cause considerable destruction of alveolar bone, periodontal ligaments (PDLs) and cementum and even lead to progressive oral dysfunction. Periodontal tissue regeneration is the ultimate goal of periodontal disease treatment to reconstruct both structures and functions. However, the regenerative efficiency is low, possibly due to the lack of a proper periodontal microenvironment. In this study, we applied an injectable and thermosensitive chitosan/gelatin/glycerol phosphate hydrogel to provide a 3D environment for transplanted stem cells and to enhance stem cell delivery and engraftment. The iPSCs-BMP-6-hydrogel complex promoted osteogenesis and the differentiation of new connective tissue and PDL formation. In animal models of maxillary-molar defects, the iPSCs-BMP-6-hydrogel-treated group showed significant mineralization with increased bone volume, trabecular number and trabecular thickness. Synergistic effects of iPSCs and BMP-6 increased both bone and cementum formation. IPSCs-BMP-6-hydrogel-treated animals showed new bone synthesis (increased ALP- and TRAP-positive cells), new PDL regeneration (shown through Masson's trichrome staining and a qualification assay), and reduced levels of inflammatory cytokines. These findings suggest that hydrogel-encapsulated iPSCs combined with BMP-6 provide a new strategy to enhance periodontal regeneration. This combination not only promoted stem cell-derived graft engraftment but also minimized the progress of inflammation, which resulted in highly possible periodontal regeneration.
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Proteína Morfogenética Ósea 6/administración & dosificación , Regeneración Ósea , Calcificación Fisiológica , Células Madre Pluripotentes Inducidas/metabolismo , Diente Molar/fisiología , Animales , Biomarcadores , Regeneración Ósea/efectos de los fármacos , Calcificación Fisiológica/efectos de los fármacos , Diferenciación Celular , Cemento Dental , Expresión Génica , Hidrogeles , Células Madre Pluripotentes Inducidas/citología , Células Madre Pluripotentes Inducidas/efectos de los fármacos , Modelos Animales , Osteogénesis , Enfermedades Periodontales/diagnóstico , Enfermedades Periodontales/etiología , Enfermedades Periodontales/metabolismo , Enfermedades Periodontales/terapia , Ligamento Periodontal , Ratas , Microtomografía por Rayos XRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Our aim was to examine the roles of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation in the repair of large uterine defects. METHODS: Uterine defects were created in both uterine horns of female rats by a punch instrument, and bone marrow-derived MSCs, MSC-conditioned medium (MSC-CM) or vehicle were injected into the myometrium around the defect. The rate of uterine defect repair was monitored on day 2 and 4 after operation. Cytokine array of MSC-CM was performed, followed by neutralizing antibody experiments to clarify the exact cytokine participating in the MSC-CM-enhanced wound repair. RESULTS: Transplantation of MSCs, but not myometrial cells, significantly enhanced uterine defect repair. The transplanted MSCs were detected in the uterine horn with no signs of rejection on day 4 after transplantation, when the MSC-transplanted uterine wound was nearly healed. Moreover, uterine defect repair was also accelerated by injection of MSC-CM, indicating the paracrine effects of MSCs on uterine wound healing. Cytokine array analysis further revealed that MSC-CM contained abundant cytokines and chemokines, among which high levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) were found. Additionally, antibodies against IL-6 were shown to block MSC-CM-enhanced uterine defect repair. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that transplantation of MSCs could enhance uterine defect repair by paracrine effects involving IL-6, which are findings that may be applied to facilitate uterine wound healing in the removal of huge intramural masses.
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Trasplante de Células Madre Mesenquimatosas , Anomalías Urogenitales/terapia , Útero/anomalías , Animales , Células Cultivadas , Medios de Cultivo Condicionados , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Femenino , Rechazo de Injerto , Células Madre Mesenquimatosas/fisiología , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-DawleyRESUMEN
By retrieving records from Taiwan's National Health Insurance (NHI) system's database, the current study aimed to investigate the impacts of hysterosalpingography (HSG) to patients after ectopic pregnancy (EP) operations in Taiwan.In this retrospective cohort study, insurance claims data from 1997 to 2013, derived from a cohort of 1 million people randomly sampled to represent all NHI beneficiaries, were analyzed. Patients after ectopic pregnancy (EP) operations were identified via the inclusion of the corresponding NHI procedure codes. We further divided the patients into 2 groups by whether received subsequent HSG, EP-HSG, and EP-no-HSG. Patients with history of previous pregnancies (PP) and subsequent HSG were grouped as PP-HSG. We sought to evaluate the following pregnancies (FP) rate, interval to FP in EP-HSG compared with that in EP-no-HSG, and PP-HSG.EP-HSG had significantly higher FP rate odds ratio than EP-no-HSG (OR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.24-2.16, Pâ<â.001). EP-HSG had lower FP rate odds ratio than that in PP-HSG, but no significant difference (33.1% vs 34.6%, Pâ = â.654). The INTERVAL(HSG-FP) in EP-HSG was no significantly different from that in PP-HSG (843.34â±â82 days vs 644.72â±â24.30 days, Pâ = â.077). There was significant positive correlation between FP after EP and number of HSG (râ = â0.070, Pâ<â.001). There were significant negative correlation between FP and EP age (râ = â-0.270, Pâ<â.001), FP and INTERVAL(EP-HSG) (râ = â-0.212, Pâ = â.001). The multivariate analysis showed that INTERVAL(EP-HSG) less than 1 year is the predictor factor of INTERVAL(EP-FP) (hazard ratio: 1.422; 95% CI: 1.130-1.788; Pâ=â.003). It was evident that the longer the INTERVAL(EP-HSG), the lower the FP rate odds ratio; and the older the EP age, the lower the FP rate odds ratio. (OR, 95% CI; >1 year: 0.59, 0.41-0.86; >2 year: 0.42, 0.32-0.55; >25 years old: 0.47, 0.38-0.57; >30 years old: 0.29, 0.24-0.35; >35 years old: 0.12, 0.08-0.18, all Pâ<â.001).Receiving HSG after EP, short INTERVAL(EP-HSG), EP age less than 30 years old, had significant positive impacts on the FP. We encourage shortening the INTERVAL(EP-HSG), and the counseling of women on the most appropriate way to conceive thereafter.
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Embarazo Ectópico/diagnóstico por imagen , Embarazo Ectópico/cirugía , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Bases de Datos Factuales , Femenino , Humanos , Histerosalpingografía , Infertilidad Femenina/diagnóstico por imagen , Infertilidad Femenina/epidemiología , Infertilidad Femenina/prevención & control , Programas Nacionales de Salud , Oportunidad Relativa , Cuidados Posoperatorios , Embarazo , Embarazo Ectópico/epidemiología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Taiwán , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) increases risk for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). However, few studies have investigated the relationship between acute kidney injury (AKI) and risk of DVT and PE. Therefore, we conducted a nationwide longitudinal cohort study to determine whether patients with AKI are associated with increased risk of developing DVT and PE. METHODS: We included >30years-old inpatients (n=4734) receiving the diagnosis of AKI from 2000 to 2006 and their age-and sex-matched non-AKI inpatients using medical service in the same year (n=47.340). Diagnosis of DVT and PE was recorded within 5-year after the AKI event or index use of medical service. The hazard ratios were analyzed using Cox regression model and adjustments were made for demographic factors, selected comorbidities and treatments. A time-dependent covariate survival analysis was performed for variations of some comorbidities, treatments and hospitalization. Competing risk regression (CRR) model was also used to adjust the risk for death. Propensity score matching was used to minimize potential selection bias. We also performed sensitivity analysis to examine the effect of other possible residual confounding factors. RESULTS: After adjusting for demographic characteristics, selected comorbidities and treatment, AKI remained a predisposing factor with a 1.44-fold (95% CI, 1.04-2.01) and 1.49-fold (95% CI, 1.12-1.97) increase in patients who were at a risk for developing DVT within 3 and 5years. AKI also remained a significant predisposing factor with a 2.66-fold (95% CI, 1.49-3.20) increase in patients who were at a risk for developing PE within 3years. However, there were no significant results for PE within 5years. The hazard ratios of time-dependent covariate survival analysis and CRR model showed the similar results. CONCLUSIONS: Risk of DVT and PE is higher in patients with AKI than in the general population.
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Lesión Renal Aguda/complicaciones , Embolia Pulmonar/epidemiología , Trombosis de la Vena/epidemiología , Lesión Renal Aguda/epidemiología , Adulto , Comorbilidad , Femenino , Hospitalización , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Modelos de Riesgos Proporcionales , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Análisis de Supervivencia , Taiwán/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
RATIONALE: A high incidence of GLA IVS4+919 G>A mutation in patients with Fabry disease of the later-onset cardiac phenotype, has been reported in Taiwan. However, suitable biomarkers or potential therapeutic surrogates for Fabry cardiomyopathy (FC) in such patients under enzyme replacement treatment (ERT) remain unknown. OBJECTIVE: Using FC patients carrying IVS4+919 G>A mutation, we constructed an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-based disease model to investigate the pathogenetic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets in ERT-treated FC. RESULTS AND METHODS: The iPSC-differentiated cardiomyocytes derived from FC-patients (FC-iPSC-CMs) carried IVS4+919 G>A mutation recapitulating FC characteristics, including low α-galactosidase A enzyme activity, cellular hypertrophy, and massive globotriaosylceramide accumulation. Microarray analysis revealed that interleukin-18 (IL-18), a pleiotropic cytokine involved in various myocardial diseases, was the most highly upregulated marker in FC-iPSC-CMs. Meanwhile, IL-18 levels were found to be significantly elevated in the culture media of FC-iPSC-CMs and patients' sera. Notably, the serum IL-18 levels were highly paralleled with the progression of left ventricular hypertrophy in Fabry patients receiving ERT. Finally, using FC-iPSC-CMs as in vitro FC model, neutralization of IL-18 with specific antibodies combined with ERT synergistically reduced the secretion of IL-18 and the progression of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in FC-iPSC-CMs. CONCLUSION: Our data demonstrated that cardiac IL-18 and circulating IL-18 are involved in the pathogenesis of FC and LVH. IL-18 may be a novel marker for evaluating ERT efficacy, and targeting IL-18 might be a potential adjunctive therapy combined with ERT for the treatment of advanced cardiomyopathy in FC patients with IVS4+919 G>A mutation.
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Enfermedad de Fabry/etiología , Hipertrofia Ventricular Izquierda/etiología , Interleucina-18/fisiología , alfa-Galactosidasa/genética , Terapia de Reemplazo Enzimático , Enfermedad de Fabry/genética , Enfermedad de Fabry/terapia , Femenino , Humanos , Células Madre Pluripotentes Inducidas/citología , Interleucina-18/antagonistas & inhibidores , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Mutación , Miocitos Cardíacos/citología , Miocitos Cardíacos/metabolismoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Iatrogenic parasitic myomas (PMs), caused by intra-corporeal power morcellation during laparoscopy is gradually increasing. However, the pathogenesis and medical treatment of PMs remain largely unelucidated. METHODS: Laparoscopically-induced PM xenografted mouse model was conducted by xenografting human uterine myoma fragments into the abdominal cavity of SCID mice and hormonal manipulation was performed using this mouse model to demonstrate the role of oestrogen in the development of implanted PMs. Immunohistochemistry of oestrogen receptor α (ERα), progesterone receptor (PR), vimentin, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), microvessel density (MVD) and Ki-67 index was performed and compared. RESULTS: In the patient with PMs, ERα, PR, angiogenesis and proliferative property expression were upregulated in PM lesions compared to uterine myomas. In the laparoscopically-induced PM mouse model, implanted myomas had more steroid receptor expressions, angiogenesis and proliferative property compared with pre-xenografted or non-implanted myoma. Depletion of oestrogen in the ovariectomized (OVX) mice decreased laparoscopically-induced PM implantations. In comparison, the implantations of PMs were increased with additional E2 supplement. Hormonal manipulation in the PM mouse model, including AI, GnRHa and SERM groups, were compared and AI significantly decreased the implantations, steroid receptor, angiogenesis, cell density, and proliferative index of PMs compared with control group. Furthermore, GnRHa significantly decreased VEGF and MVD expressions compared with control group. CONCLUSIONS: These data highlight the crucial role of oestrogen in the development of laparoscopically-induced PMs and suggest that hormone manipulation may be a potential therapeutic agent. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This protocol was approved by the Human and Animal Institutional Review Board of Taipei Veterans General Hospital ( VGHIRB No 2014-10-002C on Nov. 17th, 2014; IACUC 2014-119 on Aug. 22nd, 2014).
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Estrógenos/farmacología , Laparoscopía/efectos adversos , Leiomioma/diagnóstico , Morcelación/efectos adversos , Neovascularización Fisiológica/efectos de los fármacos , Enfermedades Parasitarias/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Uterinas/diagnóstico , Cavidad Abdominal/parasitología , Adulto , Animales , Femenino , Humanos , Leiomioma/etiología , Leiomioma/cirugía , Ratones , Ratones SCID , Mioma/diagnóstico , Mioma/etiología , Mioma/cirugía , Neovascularización Fisiológica/fisiología , Enfermedades Parasitarias/etiología , Enfermedades Parasitarias/cirugía , Trasplante Heterólogo/métodos , Neoplasias Uterinas/etiología , Neoplasias Uterinas/cirugíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: To assess the pregnancy outcome and ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) incidence in high responders receiving gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) trigger plus individualized support of low-dose human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Such support includes 500-1000 IU hCG given at trigger and, if serum estradiol (E2) dropped to below 800 pg/mL before the 6(th) day after oocyte retrieval, an additional rescue dose of 300 IU hCG. METHODS: This was a retrospective study of potential high responders aged from 28 years to 40 years at a tertiary fertility center in Taiwan. By means of chart review, we assessed the pregnancy outcome and OHSS incidence in high responders receiving GnRHa trigger plus individualized low-dose hCG support. The main outcomes were measured by ongoing pregnancy rate and OHSS incidence (SPSS), in which statistical significance was determined by Chi-square test. RESULTS: Moderate to severe OHSS did not develop in any patient receiving GnRHa trigger plus individualized low-dose hCG support. In fact, a satisfactory ongoing pregnancy rate (46.9%) was noted in patients receiving GnRHa trigger plus individualized low-dose hCG support. CONCLUSION: Our study suggested that GnRHa trigger combined with individualized low-dose hCG support appears to be a safe approach with a satisfactory pregnancy outcome.
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Gonadotropina Coriónica/administración & dosificación , Fertilización In Vitro/métodos , Hormona Liberadora de Gonadotropina/agonistas , Inyecciones de Esperma Intracitoplasmáticas/métodos , Adulto , Estradiol/sangre , Femenino , Hormona Liberadora de Gonadotropina/farmacología , Humanos , Síndrome de Hiperestimulación Ovárica/epidemiología , Embarazo , Índice de Embarazo , Progesterona/sangre , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
Uterine anomalies involving a double uterus, double cervix, also known as didelphys uterus, and complete septate vagina are rarely seen and have an associated fertility problem. However, artificial reproductive technology with embryo transfers can help solve this fertility challenge. Conception in the uterus in just one side is commonly seen for embryos, which are always transferred through the usually used (dilated) vagina. We here present a patient with the above uterine anomaly who conceived with the aid of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer to both uterine cavities under general anesthesia, which resulted in successful double singleton pregnancies with one fetus in each uterus. With intensive prenatal care, the pregnancy course for each fetus was rather uneventful. Although both fetuses were in cephalic presentation, cesarean section was performed at the 39(th) week of gestation with good outcomes in order to preclude anticipated difficulties if the baby had been delivered through the rarely dilated vagina. However, order of birth between the two fetuses was a crucial decision during the operation.
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Cuello del Útero/anomalías , Anomalías Urogenitales , Útero/anomalías , Adulto , Cesárea , Femenino , Humanos , EmbarazoRESUMEN
Wolfram syndrome 2 (WFS2) is a premature aging syndrome caused by an irreversible mitochondria-mediated disorder. Cisd2, which regulates mitochondrial electron transport, has been recently identified as the causative gene of WFS2. The mouse Cisd2 knockout (KO) (Cisd2(-/-)) recapitulates most of the clinical manifestations of WFS2, including growth retardation, osteopenia, and lordokyphosis. However, the precise mechanisms underlying osteopenia in WFS2 and Cisd2 KO mice remain unknown. In this study, we collected embryonic fibroblasts from Cisd2-deficient embryos and reprogrammed them into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) via retroviral transduction with Oct4/Sox2/Klf4/c-Myc. Cisd2-deficient mouse iPSCs (miPSCs) exhibited structural abnormalities in their mitochondria and an impaired proliferative capability. The global gene expression profiles of Cisd2(+/+), Cisd2(+/-), and Cisd2(-/-) miPSCs revealed that Cisd2 functions as a regulator of both mitochondrial electron transport and Wnt/ß-catenin signaling, which is critical for cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. Notably, Cisd2(-/-) miPSCs exhibited impaired Wnt/ß-catenin signaling, with the downregulation of downstream genes, such as Tcf1, Fosl1, and Jun and the osteogenic regulator Runx2. Several differentiation markers for tridermal lineages were globally impaired in Cisd2(-/-) miPSCs. Alizarin red S staining and flow cytometry analysis further revealed that Cisd2(-/-) miPSCs failed to undergo osteogenic differentiation. Taken together, our results, as determined using an miPSC-based platform, have demonstrated that Cisd2 regulates mitochondrial function, proliferation, intracellular Ca(2+) homeostasis, and Wnt pathway signaling. Cisd2 deficiency impairs the activation of Wnt/ß-catenin signaling and thereby contributes to the pathogeneses of osteopenia and lordokyphosis in WFS2 patients.
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Proteínas Portadoras/metabolismo , Diferenciación Celular/fisiología , Células Madre Pluripotentes Inducidas/citología , Mitocondrias/metabolismo , Proteínas del Tejido Nervioso/metabolismo , Osteogénesis/fisiología , Vía de Señalización Wnt/fisiología , Animales , Proteínas Relacionadas con la Autofagia , Diferenciación Celular/genética , Proliferación Celular/genética , Proliferación Celular/fisiología , Homeostasis/fisiología , Factor 4 Similar a Kruppel , Ratones Transgénicos , Proteínas del Tejido Nervioso/deficiencia , Osteogénesis/genéticaRESUMEN
PARP1 and poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation) have been shown to be essential for the initial steps of cellular reprogramming. However, the mechanism underlying PARP1/PARylation-regulated activation of pluripotency loci remains undetermined. Here, we demonstrate that CHD1L, a DNA helicase, possesses chromatin remodeling activity and interacts with PARP1/PARylation in regulating pluripotency during reprogramming. We found that this interaction is mediated through the interplay of the CHD1L macro-domain and the PAR moiety of PARylated-PARP1. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays demonstrated the co-occupancy of CHD1L and PARP1 at Pou5f1, Nanog, and Esrrb pluripotency loci. Knockdown of CHD1L significantly blocked the binding activity of PARP1 at pluripotency loci and inhibited the efficiency of PARP1-driven reprogramming. Notably, we found that CHD1L-promoted reprogramming requires both a PARP1-interacting domain and DNA helicase activity, partly contributing to the chromatin-remodeling states of pluripotency loci. Taken together, these results identify CHD1L as a key chromatin remodeler involved in PARP1/PARylation-regulated early-stage reprogramming and pluripotency in stem cells.
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Reprogramación Celular/genética , Ensamble y Desensamble de Cromatina/genética , ADN Helicasas/genética , Proteínas de Unión al ADN/genética , Células Madre Pluripotentes , Poli(ADP-Ribosa) Polimerasas/genética , Animales , Diferenciación Celular/genética , ADN Helicasas/biosíntesis , Proteínas de Unión al ADN/biosíntesis , Técnicas de Silenciamiento del Gen , Proteínas de Homeodominio/biosíntesis , Ratones , Proteína Homeótica Nanog , Factor 3 de Transcripción de Unión a Octámeros/biosíntesis , Poli(ADP-Ribosa) Polimerasa-1 , Poli(ADP-Ribosa) Polimerasas/biosíntesis , Receptores de Estrógenos/biosíntesisRESUMEN
Poly(ADP-ribos)ylation (PARylation) is the catalytic function of the Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (Parps) family for post-translational modification in cellular process. Being a major member of Parps, Parp1 is a crucial nuclear factor with biological significance in modulating DNA repair, DNA replication, transcription, DNA methylation and chromatin remodeling through PARylation of downstream proteins. In addition, high expression level and activity of Parp1 are correlated with pluripotent status, reprogramming, and cancer. Furthermore, epigenetic modulation of Parp1 is explored for regulating wide variety of gene expression. Genetic and pharmaceutical disruption of Parp1 further confirmed the importance of Parp1 in cell growth, DNA repair, and reprogramming efficiency. Taken together, the proximity toward the understanding of the modulation of Parp1 including interaction and modification in different fields will provide new insight for future studies. In this review, the biological significance of Parp1 in transcription and the epigenetic modulation of Parp1 in pluripotent status, reprogramming process and cancer will be summarized.
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Poli(ADP-Ribosa) Polimerasas/metabolismo , Carcinogénesis , Reprogramación Celular , Ensamble y Desensamble de Cromatina , Metilación de ADN , Reparación del ADN , Humanos , Poli(ADP-Ribosa) Polimerasas/química , Poli(ADP-Ribosa) Polimerasas/genéticaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Embryo implantation is a complex process that requires coordinated trophoblast-endometrial interactions. Previous studies demonstrated that the identification of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in trophoblast cells and the remodeling of the implantation process by nitric oxide (NO) support the important role of NO during implantation. However, the role of NO in trophoblast-endometrial interactions is unclear and is therefore examined in this study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We cocultured BeWo trophoblast spheroids with human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) monolayers to mimic the trophoblast-endometrial interaction. N(ω)-Nitro-l-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (l-NAME), a competitive inhibitor of NOS, and sodium nitroprusside (SNP), an NO donor, were used to test the role of NO in the trophoblast-endometrial interaction. RESULTS: l-NAME diminished spheroid expansion on HUVEC monolayers in a concentration-dependent manner (p < 0.05). However, trophoblast spreading on HUVEC-free culture surfaces was unaffected by l-NAME treatment (p > 0.05). Significant suppression of spheroid expansion was found at the higher dose (1mM) of SNP (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: NO may be needed in the process of implantation, and an adequate but not overly NO-containing environment might be an important factor for successful implantation. This finding is worthy of further investigation.
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Comunicación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Óxido Nítrico Sintasa/efectos de los fármacos , Óxido Nítrico/metabolismo , Esferoides Celulares/fisiología , Trofoblastos/fisiología , Técnicas de Cocultivo , Células Endoteliales , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/farmacología , Humanos , NG-Nitroarginina Metil Éster/farmacología , Donantes de Óxido Nítrico/farmacología , Nitroprusiato/farmacología , Esferoides Celulares/efectos de los fármacos , Trofoblastos/efectos de los fármacos , Venas Umbilicales/citologíaRESUMEN
Acute hepatic failure (AHF) is a severe liver injury leading to sustained damage and complications. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) may be an alternative option for the treatment of AHF. In this study, we reprogrammed human dental pulp-derived fibroblasts into iPSCs, which exhibited pluripotency and the capacity to differentiate into tridermal lineages, including hepatocyte-like cells (iPSC-Heps). These iPSC-Heps resembled human embryonic stem cell-derived hepatocyte-like cells in gene signature and hepatic markers/functions. To improve iPSC-Heps engraftment, we next developed an injectable carboxymethyl-hexanoyl chitosan hydrogel (CHC) with sustained hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) release (HGF-CHC) and investigated the hepatoprotective activity of HGF-CHC-delivered iPSC-Heps in vitro and in an immunocompromised AHF mouse model induced by thioacetamide (TAA). Intrahepatic delivery of HGF-CHC-iPSC-Heps reduced the TAA-induced hepatic necrotic area and rescued liver function and recipient viability. Compared with PBS-delivered iPSC-Heps, the HGF-CHC-delivered iPSC-Heps exhibited higher antioxidant and antiapoptotic activities that reduced hepatic necrotic area. Importantly, these HGF-CHC-mediated responses could be abolished by administering anti-HGF neutralizing antibodies. In conclusion, our findings demonstrated that HGF mediated the enhancement of iPSC-Hep antioxidant/antiapoptotic capacities and hepatoprotection and that HGF-CHC is as an excellent vehicle for iPSC-Hep engraftment in iPSC-based therapy against AHF.
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Diferenciación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Factor de Crecimiento de Hepatocito/farmacología , Hepatocitos/citología , Hidrogel de Polietilenoglicol-Dimetacrilato/química , Células Madre Pluripotentes Inducidas/trasplante , Fallo Hepático Agudo/terapia , Regeneración Hepática , Alanina Transaminasa/análisis , Animales , Antioxidantes/química , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Aspartato Aminotransferasas/análisis , Bilirrubina/análisis , Células Cultivadas , Reprogramación Celular , Quitosano/análogos & derivados , Quitosano/química , Pulpa Dental/citología , Femenino , Factor de Crecimiento de Hepatocito/química , Factor de Crecimiento de Hepatocito/metabolismo , Hepatocitos/metabolismo , Humanos , Células Madre Pluripotentes Inducidas/citología , Hígado/metabolismo , Fallo Hepático Agudo/inducido químicamente , Fallo Hepático Agudo/patología , Masculino , Malondialdehído , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Ratones Endogámicos ICR , Ratones Desnudos , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Tioacetamida/toxicidadRESUMEN
MicroRNA122 (miR122), a liver-specific microRNA, plays critical roles in homeostatic regulation and hepatic-specific differentiation. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have promising potential in regenerative medicine, but it remains unknown whether non-viral vector-mediated miR122 delivery can enhance the differentiation of iPSCs into hepatocyte-like cells (iPSC-Heps) and rescue thioacetamide-induced acute hepatic failure (AHF) in vivo. In this study, we demonstrated that embedment of miR122 complexed with polyurethane-graft-short-branch polyethylenimine copolymer (PU-PEI) in nanostructured amphiphatic carboxymethyl-hexanoyl chitosan (CHC) led to dramatically enhanced miR122 delivery into human dental pulp-derived iPSCs (DP-iPSCs) and facilitated these DP-iPSCs to differentiate into iPSC-Heps (miR122-iPSC-Heps) with mature hepatocyte functions. Microarray and bioinformatics analysis further indicated that CHC/PU-PEI-miR122 promoted the gene-signature pattern of DP-iPSCs to shift into a liver-specific pattern. Furthermore, intrahepatic delivery of miR122-iPSC-Heps, but not miR-Scr-iPSC-Heps, improved liver functions and rescued recipient survival, and CHC-mediated delivery showed a better efficacy than that using phosphate buffered saline as a delivery vehicle. In addition, these transplanted miR122-iPSC-Heps remained viable and could produce circulatory albumin for 4 months. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that non-viral delivery of miR122 shortens the time of iPSC differentiation into hepatocytes and the delivery of miR122-iPSC-Heps using CHC as a vehicle exhibited promising hepatoprotective efficacy in vivo. miR122-iPSC-Heps may represent a feasible cell source and provide an efficient and alternative strategy for hepatic regeneration in AHF.